Deck 26: Respiratory System Drugs and Antihistamines

Question 1

Match the classes with their actions, indications and subcategories.
Prevent or decrease coughing

A)Decongestant
B)Smoking-cessation aid
C)Antitussive
D)Expectorant
E)Asthma prophylaxis

Answer 1

Antitussive

Question 2

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Decreases secretions and liquefies pulmonary secretions.

A)Inhaled corticosteroids
B)Oxygen
C)Bronchodilator
D)Antihistamine
E)Mucolytic

Answer 2

Mucolytic

Question 3

Which statement DOES NOT apply to oxygen therapy?

A) It is used therapeutically for hypoxia.
B) It may be administered by endotracheal intubation, nasal cannula, masks, tents, and hoods.
C) It is not flammable but does support combustion.
D) It cannot be delivered in too high concentrations.

Answer 3

It cannot be delivered in too high concentrations.

Question 4

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Condition of insufficient oxygen supply to tissues

A)Hypoxia
B)Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
C)Small-volume nebulizer (SVN)
D)Dry-powder inhaler (DPI)
E)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Question 5

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Gas used therapeutically to treat hypoxia.

A)Inhaled corticosteroids
B)Oxygen
C)Bronchodilator
D)Antihistamine
E)Mucolytic

Question 6

Match each item with the correct statement below.
A term encompassing a group of progressive lung diseases including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

A)Hypoxia
B)Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
C)Small-volume nebulizer (SVN)
D)Dry-powder inhaler (DPI)
E)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Question 7

The mechanism of action utilized by anticholinergics is ________.

A) relaxing the smooth muscles of the bronchial tree
B) increasing vital capacity and decreasing airway resistance
C) decreasing the chemical that promotes bronchospasm
D) blocking the action of histamines

Question 8

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Creates an aerosol mist of a drug solution for delivery via inhalation

A)Hypoxia
B)Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
C)Small-volume nebulizer (SVN)
D)Dry-powder inhaler (DPI)
E)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Question 9

Match the classes with their actions, indications and subcategories.
Increases secretions and reduces viscosity.

A)Decongestant
B)Smoking-cessation aid
C)Antitussive
D)Expectorant
E)Asthma prophylaxis

Question 10

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Several classifications of these agents are used to improve breathing by relaxing smooth muscle and decreasing bronchospasm.

A)Inhaled corticosteroids
B)Oxygen
C)Bronchodilator
D)Antihistamine
E)Mucolytic

Question 11

Match each item with the correct statement below.
A drawback to this device is that patients must generate enough inspiratory force to operate it.

A)Hypoxia
B)Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
C)Small-volume nebulizer (SVN)
D)Dry-powder inhaler (DPI)
E)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Question 12

Bronchodilators all generally work by which mechanism of action?

A) Relaxing the smooth muscles of the bronchial tree
B) Increasing vital capacity and decrease airway resistance
C) Decreasing the chemical that promotes bronchospasm
D) Blocking histamine1 receptors

Question 13

Match the classes with their actions, indications and subcategories.
Proventil

A)Decongestant
B)Smoking-cessation aid
C)Antitussive
D)Expectorant
E)Asthma prophylaxis

Question 14

The mechanism of action for sympathomimetics includes _______.

A) constricting the smooth muscles of the bronchial tree
B) increasing vital capacity and decreasing airway resistance
C) decreasing the chemical that promotes bronchospasm
D) antagonizing histamine1 receptor sites

Question 15

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Used to decrease inflammation.Inhaled forms carry far less systemic side effects.

A)Inhaled corticosteroids
B)Oxygen
C)Bronchodilator
D)Antihistamine
E)Mucolytic

Question 16

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Competitively antagonize histamine receptor sites.

A)Inhaled corticosteroids
B)Oxygen
C)Bronchodilator
D)Antihistamine
E)Mucolytic

Question 17

Carbon dioxide inhalations are used ________.

A) to treat neonatal apnea
B) as an alternative to stimulate respiration in infants
C) to increase both depth and rate of respirations
D) to treat carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 18

Match the classes with their actions, indications and subcategories.
People who use one of these have twice the likelihood of staying "quit."

A)Decongestant
B)Smoking-cessation aid
C)Antitussive
D)Expectorant
E)Asthma prophylaxis

Question 19

Match the classes with their actions, indications and subcategories.
Adrenergics are used to constrict blood vessels in the respiratory tract.

A)Decongestant
B)Smoking-cessation aid
C)Antitussive
D)Expectorant
E)Asthma prophylaxis

Question 20

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Most common delivery device for ease of use, efficacy, and portability.

A)Hypoxia
B)Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
C)Small-volume nebulizer (SVN)
D)Dry-powder inhaler (DPI)
E)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Question 21

Which statement by a patient taking bronchodilators indicates a need for additional teaching?

A) "I will follow the directions on the label carefully."
B) "Nervousness, tremor, dizziness, confusion, and headache are expected side effects so I do not need to call the doctor if they occur."
C) "I will drink plenty of fluids each day."
D) "I will use my maintenance inhaler as directed and call the doctor if I need my rescue inhaler frequently."

Question 22

The side effects of decongestants include the following, EXCEPT ________.

A) sedation
B) reduced cardiac output and reduced urine output
C) burning, stinging, and sneezing
D) anxiety, nervousness, and tremors

Question 23

Cautions for the use of bronchodilators include ________.

A) glaucoma
B) COPD
C) hyperthyroidism
D) hypertension

Question 24

Which statement by a patient taking corticosteroids for asthma indicates a need for additional teaching?

A) "I will rinse my mouth with mouthwash after use of the inhaler."
B) "I will stop smoking."
C) "I will take the corticosteroid before the bronchodilator when the two inhaled medications are ordered at the same time."
D) "If I develop side effects, I will call my doctor."

Question 25

Bronchodilators are used to treat ___________.

A) symptoms of acute respiratory conditions such as asthma and COPD
B) coughing
C) allergy symptoms
D) upper airway congestion

Question 26

Expectorants are effective by _______.

A) liquefying pulmonary secretions
B) increasing secretions and reducing their viscosity, although evidence of benefit is lacking.
C) cough suppression
D) competitive antagonism of histamine1 receptor sites
E) constriction of blood vessels in the respiratory tract

Question 27

Antitussives use which mechanism of action?

A) Liquefication of pulmonary secretions
B) Increasing pulmonary secretions and reducing their viscosity
C) Cough suppression
D) Competitive antagonism of histamine1 receptors
E) Constriction of blood vessels in the respiratory tract

Question 28

Which is an example of an asthma prophylactic medication?

A) Leukotriene inhibitors
B) Antihistamine
C) Sympathomimetic
D) Expectorants
E) mucolytic

Question 29

Mucolytics work through which of the following mechanisms of action?

A) Liquefying pulmonary secretions
B) Increasing secretions, reducing viscosity, and aiding in sputum expectoration
C) Suppressing coughing
D) Competitively antagonizing the histamine1 receptor sites
E) Constricting blood vessels in the respiratory tract

Question 30

Antihistamines act through which mechanism?

A) Liquefying pulmonary secretions
B) Increasing secretions, reducing viscosity, and aiding in expectoration of sputum
C) Suppressing coughing
D) Competitively antagonizing histamine1 receptor sites
E) Constricting blood vessels in the respiratory tract

Question 31

Which of the following is a precaution or contraindication for decongestant use?

A) Diarrhea, nausea
B) Cardiovascular disorders
C) Palpitations, hypertension, headache
D) Having the flu
E) Anxiety or nervousness

Question 32

Decongestants work to _________.

A) liquefy pulmonary secretions
B) increase pulmonary secretions
C) suppress coughs
D) competitively antagonize histamine1 receptors
E) constrict blood vessels in the respiratory tract

Question 33

Antitussives are used to treat ________.

A) symptoms of acute respiratory conditions such as asthma and COPD
B) coughing
C) symptoms of allergies
D) upper airway congestion

Question 34

Decongestants are used for ____________.

A) symptomatic treatment of acute respiratory conditions
B) cough suppression
C) symptomatic treatment of allergic reactions
D) upper airway congestion

Question 35

Narcotic antitussives are contraindicated in all of the following, EXCEPT ________.

A) addiction-prone patients
B) COPD
C) asthmatics
D) patients with pleurisy

Question 36

Contraindications/cautions for use of antitussives may include __________.

A) unstable cardiac status, glaucoma, or prostatic hypertrophy
B) asthma and COPD
C) infants, pregnancy, and lactation
D) hyperthyroid, diabetes, pregnancy, or lactation

Question 37

Which of the following is an example of a mucolytic?

A) Acetylcysteine
B) Guaifenesin
C) Benzonatate (Tessalon)
D) Loratadine (Claritin)
E) Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

Question 38

Side effects of bronchodilators may include ________.

A) cardiac irregularities, hypertension, and hyperglycemia
B) respiratory depression, constipation, and urinary retention
C) drying of secretions, visual disorders, and paradoxical excitement
D) anxiety, nervousness, tremors, seizures, reduced cardiac output, and reduced urine output

Question 39

Which of the following medications is classified as an expectorant?

A) Acetylcysteine
B) Guaifenesin
C) Benzonatate
D) Loratadine
E) Pseudoephedrine

Question 40

Which statement is TRUE regarding antihistamines?

A) Antihistamines provide only symptomatic relief of allergic symptoms.
B) Antihistamines are very useful in light sedation of children.
C) Antihistamines may cause laryngeal edema.
D) Antihistamines help to prevent drying and consolidation of pulmonary secretions.

Question 41

Over-the-counter cough and cold preparations are safe and effective for use in infants and children.

Question 42

Fexofenadine is a second-generation antihistamine that is effective as a nonsedating cough suppressant.

Question 43

Xanthine derivatives (Theophylline) are first-line choice for treatment of acute asthma attacks.

Question 44

Inhaled corticosteroids are effective for bronchospasms associated with bacterial respiratory infections.

Question 45

Which of the following types of medications would NOT be used to treat acute asthma?

A) Long-acting B2 agonist
B) Mast cell stabilizers
C) Sympathomimetics
D) Oxygen

Question 46

Inhaled corticosteroids are considered a preferred drug therapy in the long-term management of persistent asthma.

Question 47

All smoking-cessation medications have been shown to help twice as many smokers quit versus quitting "cold turkey."

Question 48

Mast cell stabilizers and leukotriene inhibitors are used prophylactically to control inflammation in asthma.

Question 49

Patient teaching regarding the use of an MDI rescue inhaler should include ____.

A) increasingly frequent use indicates deterioration in the control of asthma
B) increasingly frequent use may reflect a new antigen exposure, and it is nothing to be concerned about
C) taking care to keep the mask clean
D) instructing the patient to use quick, short breaths when inhaling the medication

Question 50

Narcotic antitussives are becoming more readily available due to codeine being moved to schedule II instead of schedule III.