Deck 19: Analgesics, Sedatives, and Hypnotics

Question 1

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
For moderate to severe pain; has no analgesic ceiling; morphine sulfate

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Answer 1

Opioid analgesic

Question 2

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Analgesics produced in the body as a reaction to pain or intense exercise.

A)Dependence
B)Endorphins
C)Subjective
D)Tolerance
E)Endogenous

Answer 2

Endorphins

Question 3

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Classification given to calm and soothe.

A)Adjuvants
B)Analgesics
C)Antipyretics
D)Hypnotics
E)Sedatives

Answer 3

Sedatives

Question 4

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
Ramelteon (Rozerem); first FDA-approved drug to work on these receptors promoting sleep.

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 5

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Classification given to relieve pain.

A)Adjuvants
B)Analgesics
C)Antipyretics
D)Hypnotics
E)Sedatives

Question 6

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Because pain can be experienced or perceived only by the individual, it is __________.

A)Dependence
B)Endorphins
C)Subjective
D)Tolerance
E)Endogenous

Question 7

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
Antidepressant adjuvant often used for fibromyalgia and nerve pain; amitriptyline (Elavil)

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 8

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
Antidepressant adjuvant used for diabetic neuralgia; has no anticholinergic side effects; duloxetine (Cymbata)

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 9

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
Many types of these drugs with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-pyretic properties are available OTC or combined with opioids.

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 10

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Classification given to promote sleep.

A)Adjuvants
B)Analgesics
C)Antipyretics
D)Hypnotics
E)Sedatives

Question 11

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
Adjuvant agent with unique patches meant to be cut to size; lidocaine (Lidoderm)

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 12

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
NSAID with multiple actions including anti-pyretic and analgesic; often combined with opioids; acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 13

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Classification given to reduce fever.

A)Adjuvants
B)Analgesics
C)Antipyretics
D)Hypnotics
E)Sedatives

Question 14

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Classification includes anti-depressant, anti-convulsant, or local anesthetics used as additions to enhance pain control.

A)Adjuvants
B)Analgesics
C)Antipyretics
D)Hypnotics
E)Sedatives

Question 15

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
OTC, has anti-pyretic and analgesic properties but very little effect on inflammation; often combined with opioids; acetaminophen (Tylenol)

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 16

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
First approved of these agonist drugs for migraine treatment; sumatriptan (Imitrex)

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 17

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Body adapts and will have withdrawal symptoms if drug is stopped.

A)Dependence
B)Endorphins
C)Subjective
D)Tolerance
E)Endogenous

Question 18

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
Used for sleep, the controlled-release tablet is not limited to short-term use but different dose is recommended for females; zolpidem (Ambien).

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 19

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
An adjuvant, first-line therapy for diabetic neuropathic pain; gabapentin (Neurontin)

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 20

Match the following medications with their appropriate class or description.
Sleep aid with an intermediate onset; temazepam (Restoril)

A)Opioid analgesic
B)Nonopioid analgesic
C)Salicylates
D)NSAID
E)Tricyclic antidepressant
F)Local anesthetic
G)Anticonvulsant
H)SRA
I)Non-benzodiazepine
J)Benzodiazepine (BZD)
K)Melatonin receptor agonist
L)SNRI

Question 21

Patients taking analgesics, sedatives, or hypnotics should be provided all of the following instructions, EXCEPT:

A) "Psychotropics, alcohol, muscle relaxants, antihistamines, antiemetics, cardiac medications, and antihypertensives may have serious interactions."
B) "Be aware of the potential side effects of these medications."
C) "You may experience tolerance to the medications the longer you use them."
D) "It is best to use OTC analgesic medications for breakthrough or exacerbations of pain while taking these medications."

Question 22

Sedatives are given to __________.

A) relieve mild to moderate pain, fever, and anti-inflammatory conditions
B) enhance analgesic effect with opioids and nonopioids
C) promote sedation, calm, soothe
D) promote sleep

Question 23

Physical adaptation of the body to a medication with resultant withdrawal symptoms following its abrupt discontinuation is ________.

A) tolerance
B) dependence
C) placebo effect
D) paradoxical response

Question 24

Patients taking analgesics, sedatives, or hypnotics should be instructed that:

A) "Psychotropics, alcohol, muscle relaxants, antihistamines, antiemetics, cardiac medications, and antihypertensives mix well with these medications."
B) "There are relatively few serious side effects or interactions with other medications."
C) "Tolerance may result with prolonged use, with increasingly larger doses being required to achieve the same effect."
D) "OTC analgesic combinations in safe levels are not a danger."

Question 25

Something that may only be experienced or perceived by the individual is said to be _________.

A) objective
B) subjective
C) endogenous
D) exogenous

Question 26

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Means to be produced from within an organism, made in our body.

A)Dependence
B)Endorphins
C)Subjective
D)Tolerance
E)Endogenous

Question 27

An analgesic would be prescribed to treat ____________.

A) fever
B) insomnia
C) pain
D) anxiety

Question 28

Drugs that enhance analgesic effects of opioids and nonopioids, produce analgesia alone, or reduce the side effects of analgesics are referred to as __________.

A) coanalgesics
B) adjuvants
C) placebos
D) tricyclics

Question 29

Nonopioid medications are given to ___________.

A) relieve mild to moderate pain, fever, and anti-inflammatory conditions
B) enhance analgesic effect with opioids and nonopioids
C) promote sedation
D) promote sleep

Question 30

Side effects of tramadol (Ultram) include __________.

A) physical and/or emotional dependence
B) prolonged bleeding time
C) liver dysfunction
D) Similar list to opioids and possible seizures

Question 31

Adjuvant analgesics are given to ___________.

A) relieve mild to moderate pain, fever, and anti-inflammatory conditions
B) enhance analgesic effects of opioids and nonopioids
C) promote sedation
D) promote sleep

Question 32

Side effects of acetaminophen (Tylenol) can include

A) respiratory depression
B) prolonged bleeding time
C) severe liver toxicity and renal insufficiency
D) tinnitus

Question 33

Chemicals produced within the brain as a reaction to severe pain or intense exercise are _______.

A) exogenous
B) placebos
C) endogenous
D) endorphins

Question 34

Side effects of salicylate analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications can include __________.

A) constipation
B) prolonged bleeding time, tinnitus, gastric distress, ulceration, and bleeding
C) respiratory depression
D) physical and/or emotional dependence

Question 35

Requiring a larger dose of medication to achieve the same level of effect.

A) Tolerance
B) Dependence
C) Placebo effect
D) Paradoxical reaction

Question 36

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Larger dose is required to get the same level of effect.

A)Dependence
B)Endorphins
C)Subjective
D)Tolerance
E)Endogenous

Question 37

Why do most patients seek medical care?

A) Preventive care
B) Family history
C) Chronic conditions
D) Pain

Question 38

An antipyretic is used to treat ___________.

A) pain
B) fever
C) nausea
D) insomnia

Question 39

Side effects of opioids can include ____________.

A) constipation
B) respiratory depression
C) physical and/or emotional dependence
D) All of the above.

Question 40

Hypnotics are used to _________.

A) relieve mild to moderate pain, fever, and anti-inflammatory conditions
B) enhance analgesic effect with opioids and nonopioids
C) promote sedation
D) promote sleep

Question 41

Anti-depressants may be used as adjuvants to analgesics in order to better control pain and lower dose required on opioids.

Question 42

The DEA and FDA are currently working toward making hydrocodone-containing drugs schedule II due to abuse and high prescribing rates.This will result in no refills and limits on providers who can prescribe.

Question 43

An overdose of Tylenol could result in liver toxicity or renal damage.

Question 44

Tramadol (Ultram), a synthetic analog of codeine, is not classified as a controlled substance.

Question 45

Tricyclic antidepressants are the drug of choice for depression in patients recovering from myocardial infarction.

Question 46

Terminally ill patients who require large doses of opioids for pain management should be frequently assessed for signs and symptoms of addiction or dependence.

Question 47

Naloxone (Narcan), an opioid antagonist, is used for treatment of opioid overdoses.

Question 48

Sedatives are an excellent first-line medication to use for pain relief.

Question 49

Hypnotics are prescribed to produce sleep.

Question 50

The risk of respiratory depression that may occur with opioid use may be reduced when the medication is titrated up appropriately.This means no abrupt or large incremental increase in doses.

Question 51

Contraindications to the use of opioid medications include __________.

A) head injury with increased intracranial pressure
B) undiagnosed gastrointestinal disease
C) pregnancy
D) All of the above.

Question 52

Patients who require frequent or long-term use of opioids for pain management always become addicted to them.

Question 53

What antidote should be considered or kept on hand to treat opioid overdose in a patient who begins to exhibit signs of respiratory arrest?

A) Flumazenil
B) Administer oxygen
C) The opioid antagonist [e.g., Narcan or naloxone]
D) Vitamin K

Question 54

Phenobarbital, a sedative-hypnotic, is used to treat seizure disorders.