Deck 15: Urinary System Drugs

Question 1

Match each diuretic category to the appropriate example listed below.
Osmotic agents

A)Aldactone (spironolactone)
B)Osmitrol (mannitol)
C)Microzide/HCTZ (hydrochlorothiazide)
D)Lasix (furosemide)

Answer 1

Osmitrol (mannitol)

Question 2

Match each diuretic category with its use listed below.
Loop diuretics

A)Prophylaxis of calculus formation in those with hypercalciuria
B)Reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure (most common in emergency settings)
C)Pulmonary edema
D)Patients with cirrhosis

Answer 2

Pulmonary edema

Question 3

Match each diuretic category with its contraindication(s) listed below.
Loop diuretics

A)Concomitant use with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), salicylates, and NSAIDs which may cause hyperkalemia
B)Concomitant use with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, which may increase the risk of renal insufficiency
C)Active intracranial bleeding
D)Concomitant use with aminoglycosides, which may increase the risk of deafness

Answer 3

Concomitant use with aminoglycosides, which may increase the risk of deafness

Question 4

Match each diuretic category with its contraindication(s) listed below.
Potassium-sparing diuretics

A)Concomitant use with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), salicylates, and NSAIDs which may cause hyperkalemia
B)Concomitant use with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, which may increase the risk of renal insufficiency
C)Active intracranial bleeding
D)Concomitant use with aminoglycosides, which may increase the risk of deafness

Question 5

Match each item to the statement or sentence listed below.
Antispasmodics

A)Blocks reabsorption and promotes urinary excretion of uric acid
B)Local anesthetic for the urinary tract mucosa
C)Blocks parasympathetic nerve impulses to reduce the strength and frequency of contractions of the bladder
D)Increases urine excretion

Question 6

Match each diuretic category with the expected side effect(s) listed below.
Osmotic agents

A)Hyperkalemia, dehydration or weakness
B)Hypokalemia, weakness, hypotension, tinnitus
C)Fluid and electrolyte imbalance, severe pulmonary edema
D)Hyperglycemia and increased uric acid

Question 7

Match each item to the statement or sentence listed below.
Diuretics

A)Blocks reabsorption and promotes urinary excretion of uric acid
B)Local anesthetic for the urinary tract mucosa
C)Blocks parasympathetic nerve impulses to reduce the strength and frequency of contractions of the bladder
D)Increases urine excretion

Question 8

Match each diuretic category with its use listed below.
Osmotic agents

A)Prophylaxis of calculus formation in those with hypercalciuria
B)Reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure (most common in emergency settings)
C)Pulmonary edema
D)Patients with cirrhosis

Question 9

Match each diuretic category with its use listed below.
Thiazides

A)Prophylaxis of calculus formation in those with hypercalciuria
B)Reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure (most common in emergency settings)
C)Pulmonary edema
D)Patients with cirrhosis

Question 10

Match each diuretic category to the appropriate example listed below.
Thiazides

A)Aldactone (spironolactone)
B)Osmitrol (mannitol)
C)Microzide/HCTZ (hydrochlorothiazide)
D)Lasix (furosemide)

Question 11

Match each diuretic category with the expected side effect(s) listed below.
Potassium-sparing diuretics

A)Hyperkalemia, dehydration or weakness
B)Hypokalemia, weakness, hypotension, tinnitus
C)Fluid and electrolyte imbalance, severe pulmonary edema
D)Hyperglycemia and increased uric acid

Question 12

Match each diuretic category with the expected side effect(s) listed below.
Loop diuretics

A)Hyperkalemia, dehydration or weakness
B)Hypokalemia, weakness, hypotension, tinnitus
C)Fluid and electrolyte imbalance, severe pulmonary edema
D)Hyperglycemia and increased uric acid

Question 13

Match each item to the statement or sentence listed below.
Uricosuric agents

A)Blocks reabsorption and promotes urinary excretion of uric acid
B)Local anesthetic for the urinary tract mucosa
C)Blocks parasympathetic nerve impulses to reduce the strength and frequency of contractions of the bladder
D)Increases urine excretion

Question 14

Match each diuretic category with its use listed below.
Potassium-sparing diuretics

A)Prophylaxis of calculus formation in those with hypercalciuria
B)Reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure (most common in emergency settings)
C)Pulmonary edema
D)Patients with cirrhosis

Question 15

Match each diuretic category with its contraindication(s) listed below.
Osmotic agents

A)Concomitant use with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), salicylates, and NSAIDs which may cause hyperkalemia
B)Concomitant use with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, which may increase the risk of renal insufficiency
C)Active intracranial bleeding
D)Concomitant use with aminoglycosides, which may increase the risk of deafness

Question 16

Match each diuretic category to the appropriate example listed below.
Potassium-sparing diuretics

A)Aldactone (spironolactone)
B)Osmitrol (mannitol)
C)Microzide/HCTZ (hydrochlorothiazide)
D)Lasix (furosemide)

Question 17

Match each diuretic category with its contraindication(s) listed below.
Thiazides

A)Concomitant use with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), salicylates, and NSAIDs which may cause hyperkalemia
B)Concomitant use with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, which may increase the risk of renal insufficiency
C)Active intracranial bleeding
D)Concomitant use with aminoglycosides, which may increase the risk of deafness

Question 18

Match each diuretic category with the expected side effect(s) listed below.
Thiazides

A)Hyperkalemia, dehydration or weakness
B)Hypokalemia, weakness, hypotension, tinnitus
C)Fluid and electrolyte imbalance, severe pulmonary edema
D)Hyperglycemia and increased uric acid

Question 19

Match each diuretic category to the appropriate example listed below.
Loop diuretics

A)Aldactone (spironolactone)
B)Osmitrol (mannitol)
C)Microzide/HCTZ (hydrochlorothiazide)
D)Lasix (furosemide)

Question 20

Match each item to the statement or sentence listed below.
Urinary analgesic

A)Blocks reabsorption and promotes urinary excretion of uric acid
B)Local anesthetic for the urinary tract mucosa
C)Blocks parasympathetic nerve impulses to reduce the strength and frequency of contractions of the bladder
D)Increases urine excretion

Question 21

Extreme caution is indicated when this diuretic class is used in patients with heart failure or active intracranial bleeding ________.

A) thiazides
B) loop diuretics
C) potassium-sparing diuretics
D) osmotic agents

Question 22

Which class of diuretics is most often the treatment of choice in patients with cirrhosis?

A) Osmotic agents
B) Thiazides
C) Loop diuretics
D) Potassium-sparing diuretics

Question 23

Diuretics used to prevent calculus formation in patients with hypercalciuria are found in which class?

A) Loop diuretics
B) Thiazides
C) Osmotic agents
D) Potassium-sparing diuretics

Question 24

Which side effect is more likely the result from the use of a potassium-sparing diuretic?

A) Gynecomastia
B) Deafness
C) Pulmonary edema
D) Renal stones

Question 25

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Loop diuretic

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 26

The classification of diuretics whose interactions may occur with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), salicylates, and NSAIDs to cause hyperkalemia is _________.

A) thiazides
B) loop diuretics
C) potassium-sparing diuretics
D) osmotic agents

Question 27

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Antigout

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 28

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Alpha-blocker

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 29

Loop diuretics are most commonly associated with which of the following side effects?

A) Severe pulmonary edema
B) Hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmia
C) Tinnitus and blurred vision
D) Hyperglycemia and increased uric acid

Question 30

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Cholinergic

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 31

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Thiazide diuretic

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 32

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Uricosuric

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 33

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Potassium-sparing diuretic

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 34

An example of a loop diuretic is _________.

A) HydroDIURIL (hydrochlorothiazide)
B) Lasix (furosemide)
C) Aldactone (spironolactone)
D) Osmitrol (mannitol)

Question 35

Which diuretics interact with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents increasing the risk of renal insufficiency?

A) Thiazides
B) Loop diuretics
C) Potassium-sparing diuretics
D) Osmotic agents

Question 36

Some drug interactions are useful.An example of potentiation with probenecid (Benemid) would be _______.

A) antineoplastic drugs
B) procainamide
C) lithium
D) penicillin

Question 37

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Antispasmodic

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 38

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Antiandrogen

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 39

The classification of diuretics whose side effects may include hyperglycemia and increased uric acid is _______.

A) osmotic agents
B) loop diuretics
C) potassium-sparing diuretics
D) thiazides

Question 40

Match the common medication name with its appropriate class.
Urinary analgesic

A)phenazopyridine
B)furosemide
C)hydrochlorothiazide
D)triamterene
E)tamsulosin
F)probenecid
G)tolterodine
H)bethanechol
I)colchicine
J)finasteride

Question 41

Earl is unable to tolerate his medication for chronic gout and is switched to a xanthine oxidase inhibitor.How do xanthine oxidase inhibitors act?

A) By decreasing inflammation
B) By decreasing pain
C) By decreasing serum and urinary levels of uric acid
D) By increasing uric acid formation

Question 42

Kayley has all of the symptoms of a urinary tract infection over a holiday weekend.She recalls that in the past, the urinary analgesic, phenazopyridine, has relieved her symptoms very quickly, so she asks a friend to pick some up for her rather than braving a crowded health clinic.As before, Kayley gets rapid relief of her symptoms.Should Kayley be concerned about anything else?

A) Possibly.If the infection was caused by bacteria, she will be fine, but if it was caused by a virus, she will need to see her doctor.
B) Possibly.If she experiences a return of symptoms after taking the phenazopyridine for a week, she should see her doctor
C) No.If the phenazopyridine has alleviated the symptoms, she should be just fine.
D) Yes.Phenazopyridine treats the symptoms, but will not cure the infection, so she still needs to see her doctor.

Question 43

Antiandrogens treat benign prostatic hypertrophy by __________.

A) reducing prostate size
B) blocking alpha-1 receptors found in smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostrate, causing them to relax
C) stimulating parasympathetic nerves to bring about contraction of the urinary bladder
D) blocking parasympathetic nerve impulses to reduce the strength and frequency of contractions of the urinary bladder

Question 44

Patient education for treatment with thiazide diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide, should include:

A) "Take with food."
B) "Limit sunlight exposure."
C) "Avoid potassium-rich foods and salt substitutes."
D) "Drink large amounts of fluids."

Question 45

Antispasmodics decrease urinary incontinence related to an overactive (neurogenic) bladder by what mechanism of action?

A) Block parasympathetic nerve impulses
B) Increase frequency of bladder contractions
C) Increase bladder tone
D) Reduce volume of urinary output

Question 46

The actions of a cholinergic drug on the bladder would be useful for _______.

A) stimulation of parasympathetic nerves to bring about contraction of the urinary bladder in nonobstructive urinary retention
B) relief of burning, pain, discomfort, and urgency associated with cystitis
C) symptomatic relief of cystitis
D) reduction of prostate size and associated urinary obstruction and symptoms

Question 47

William has just been diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia.What class of drugs is considered to be first-line therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A) Antiandrogens
B) PDE inhibitors
C) Cholinergics
D) Alpha-blockers

Question 48

Your friend is wondering why his grandfather has recently been put on diuretics.You explain that diuretics are typically given to ____.

A) improve urinary flow in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy
B) decrease pain associated with urinary tract infections
C) reduce circulating fluid volume to help treat edema and hypertension
D) decrease the build-up of uric acid

Question 49

Patient education for treatment with antispasmodics should include:

A) "Avoid use of aspirin-containing products."
B) "Take at bedtime."
C) "Use caution when driving or operating machinery."
D) "Urine and tears may change color to orange-red, staining clothing and contact lenses."

Question 50

Patient education for treatment with loop diuretics, such as furosemide (Lasix), should include:

A) "Administer with food."
B) "Limit sunlight exposure."
C) "Avoid potassium-rich foods and salt substitutes."
D) "Drink large amounts of fluids."

Question 51

Patient education for treatment with a nonuricosuric agent, such as allopurinol (Zyloprim), should include:

A) "Take one hour before meals."
B) "Avoid alcohol."
C) "Use caution when driving or operating machinery."
D) "Urine and tears may change color to orange-red, staining clothing and contact lenses."

Question 52

Patient education for treatment with uricosuric agents, such as probenecid, should include:

A) "Avoid use of aspirin-containing products."
B) "Take on an empty stomach to enhance absorption."
C) "Use caution when driving or operating machinery."
D) "Urine and tears may change color to orange-red, staining clothes and contact lenses."

Question 53

Alpha-blockers treat benign prostatic hypertrophy by _________.

A) reducing prostate size
B) causing relaxation of the bladder neck and prostrate
C) parasympathetic stimulation to bring about contraction of the urinary bladder
D) parasympathetic blockade to reduce the strength and frequency of contractions of the urinary bladder

Question 54

Patient education for treatment with phenazopyridine (Pyridium) should include:

A) "Avoid use of aspirin-containing products."
B) "Avoid high potassium foods."
C) "Use caution when driving or operating machinery."
D) "Urine and tears may change color to orange-red, staining clothing and contact lenses."

Question 55

Which of the following medications may be used to treat gout?

A) NSAIDs
B) Allopurinol
C) Colchicine
D) All of the above.

Question 56

The actions of urinary analgesics like phenazopyridine (Pyridium) include _______.

A) stimulation of parasympathetic nerves to bring about contraction of the urinary bladder in nonobstructive urinary retention
B) relief of burning, pain, discomfort, and urgency associated with cystitis
C) "pharmacological catheterization"
D) reduction of prostate size and associated urinary obstruction

Question 57

Cautions or contraindications for both loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics are similar, and include all of the following EXCEPT _____.

A) dehydration
B) kidney impairment
C) hypertension
D) pregnancy

Question 58

Patient education for treatment with potassium-sparing diuretics, such as spironolactone (Aldactone), should include:

A) "Administer with food."
B) "Limit sunlight exposure."
C) "Avoid potassium-rich foods and salt substitutes."
D) "Drink large amounts of fluids."