Deck 13: Families and Religion

Question 1

Betty lives with her husband, their daughter, and her grandchildren. Betty lives in a(n) family.

A) matrilineal
B) extended
C) nuclear
D) patrilocal

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Sects are:

A) fundamentalist organizations.
B) offshoots of establishes churches.
C) followers of charismatic leaders.
D) devoted to a specific cause.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

An individual's ability to influence decision-making within a marriage is largely established through:

A) social class.
B) religion.
C) the length of the marriage.
D) the amount of money one earns.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

When Bob is engaged in work that sustains life such as elder and child maintenance he is doing _.

A) nonwage labor
B) care work
C) public labor
D) non labor work

Question 5

The Shakers were formed by breaking away from the Quakers. They are an example of a:

A) charismatic leader.
B) church.
C) cult.
D) sect.

Question 6

The major cause of marital disruption today is:

A) death of the wife.
B) death of the husband.
C) divorce.
D) remarriage.

Question 7

The Barkers live in the U.S. Which of the following is true about their child care options?

A) The family leave policies in U.S. cover all families
B) The family leave policies in U.S. cover most family expenses
C) The family leave costs are reasonable for most families
D) The family leave policies in U.S. do not address ongoing needs for child care

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the maternity leave benefits in U.S.?

A) Maternity leave benefits are supportive of working class families
B) Maternity leave benefits are comparatively better support than developing nations
C) Maternity leave benefits are unsupportive of families
D) Maternity leave benefits are in the middle of all countries in terms of support

Question 9

Elderly care in the modern family is best characterized by _.

A) a diversity of experiences due to family size and variation
B) a standard cultural approach
C) a dependency on governmental support
D) all of the above

Question 10

Since 1960, the rate of divorce has _____, although it has since 1980.

A) tripled; increased
B) doubled; increased
C) been cut in half; declined
D) doubled; declined

Question 11

Unlike _____, see the gender division of labor as being based on stereotypes about men's and women's roles.

A) functionalists; conflict theorists
B) conflict theorists, symbolic interactionists
C) feminists, symbolic interactionists
D) functionalists; feminists

Question 12

Religious extremist movements:

A) are highly patriarchal.
B) are typically Christianity-based.
C) include violence in most cases.
D) assume a demonic nature of individuals.

Question 13

According to functionalists, families serve all of the following basic social needs, except:

A) socializing the young.
B) providing education to members.
C) providing physical care for members.
D) regulating sexual activities.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a feature of a kinship system?

A) Who is permitted to marry whom
B) How property is passed on
C) How power is distributed
D) Who cares for children

Question 15

Estimates of the extent of domestic violence are unreliable because:

A) most cases go unreported.
B) most victims are in shelters.
C) most victims are children.
D) most cases are not severe enough to report.

Question 16

Mrs. Thompson often feels like there is too much to do and too little time to do it. She is experiencing:

A) parenthood.
B) a commuter marriage.
C) social speedup.
D) role stress.

Question 17

Approximately of children live with one parent in the US.

A) one-fifth
B) one-fourth
C) one-third
D) one-half

Question 18

In the United States, interracial marriage is:

A) illegal.
B) declining for all social groups.
C) increasing, but infrequent.
D) common among the lower classes only.

Question 19

The number of single-father households is _____and are likely than single-mother families to experience severe economic problems.

A) increasing; more
B) increasing; less
C) decreasing; more
D) decreasing; less

Question 20

Which major event led to the emergence of the nuclear family in the United States?

A) The American Revolution
B) The Industrial Revolution
C) The Civil Rights Movement
D) World War II

Question 21

Barbara is a very close family friend of a Chicano family - she is actually considered part of the family. Barbara may be considered:

A) an othermother.
B) compadrazgo.
C) fictive kin.
D) extended family.

Question 22

Within the U.S., polygamy:

A) is widely practiced among Mormons.
B) is illegal.
C) is legal for some Native American groups.
D) does not exist.

Question 23

It is the belief of that religion was developed by the oppressed to relieve their distress.

A) functionalism
B) conflict theory
C) symbolic interaction theory
D) social exchange theory

Question 24

Durkheim's emphasis on rituals and shared meanings fits with which type of sociological theory?

A) Conflict theory and functionalism
B) Functionalism and symbolic interactionism
C) Symbolic interactionism and conflict theory
D) Exchange theory and functionalism

Question 25

The stepfamilies that are often created by divorce and remarriage:

A) rarely involve stepchildren.
B) receive a great deal of institutional support.
C) take many different forms today.
D) utilize existing social norms and institutional support to help them through conflict.

Question 26

Studies of gay and lesbian couples have found that:

A) gay and lesbian partners tend to be more flexible and less gender-stereotyped in their household roles than heterosexual couples.
B) money has a strong influence on who has the most power in gay and lesbian households.
C) lesbian parents lack any type of social support in the LGBTQ community.
D) children raised by gay parents are more likely to be gay themselves.

Question 27

The likelihood of divorce is greater for couples who:

A) marry young.
B) have two incomes.
C) do not have children.
D) are White.

Question 28

According to the U.S. Census Bureau (2010), about percent of the population over the age of 15 has never been married.

A) 25
B) 15
C) 31
D) 66

Question 29

Religiosity is measured by sociologists using all of the following, except:

A) by asking about people's religious beliefs.
B) surveying people about their membership in religious organizations.
C) asking how often people attend religious services.
D) collecting information through the Census.

Question 30

Which of the following is nota critical function of churches for African Americans?

A) Churches provide a defense against the damage caused by racism
B) Churches provide a source of social and community services
C) Churches act as community centers and political units for their members
D) Churches function as an educational tool for urban youth

Question 31

Research on cohabitation has found that:

A) the likelihood of cohabitation is greatest among suburban residents.
B) current research finds that couples report little difference in the quality of marriage.
C) cohabitation is decreasing as younger people are returning to traditional values.
D) few cohabiting households have children.

Question 32

Which of the following statements is false about contemporary American families?

A) There are fewer births today than in the past.
B) The number of single-parent households has increased dramatically.
C) Childbearing occupies a smaller percentage of parents' adult lives than earlier.
D) Married-couple families have become the minority form of the family.

Question 33

A pattern of relationships that define people's family relationships to one another is the definition of a(n) _.

A) institution
B) relational network
C) kinship system
D) social organization

Question 34

Othermothers are a unique form of an extended family that reflects the specific experience of .

A) African American women
B) Caribbean women
C) Latin American women
D) European women

Question 35

Because of the rise in divorce and remarriage, stepfamilies have become fairly common in the U.S. Despite how common stepfamilies have become,:

A) there is still little institutional support for stepfamilies.
B) the number of children in stepfamilies is declining.
C) the legal status of the nonresidential parent is not well understood.
D) the percent of stepmothers remains low.

Question 36

Sociological studies of patterns of family violence have found that:

A) violence in lesbian and gay relationships is as common as in heterosexual relationships.
B) the most common form of child abuse is neglect.
C) most perpetrators of elder abuse are men.
D) overall, violence in families has been declining.

Question 37

In the U.S., social factors are correlated with religious identification. For example,:

A) older people are more likely than younger people to express no religious preference.
B) those in higher income brackets are most likely to identify as Jewish or Catholic than those in the lower income brackets.
C) fundamentalist Protestants are most likely to have the highest incomes.
D) Asian Americans are the most likely racial-ethnic group to say that religion is very important in their lives.

Question 38

Religion has been the basis for social movement activity in which major social movement?

A) Gay Rights Movement
B) Civil Rights Movement
C) Equal Rights Movement
D) Church versus State Movement

Question 39

Which of the following is not part of the sociological definition of family?

A) A social unit of those related through marriage, ancestry or adoption
B) A group that is committed to maintaining the group over time
C) A social unit related by blood and bound together by love
D) A group that engages in economic cooperation

Question 40

The Jones' divorce was less likely to be negative on their children because _.

A) they used lawyers
B) they went through long debates involving the children
C) they remained amicable
D) they involved their children in financial solutions

Question 41

Historically, family structure in the U.S.:

A) has been essentially the same for all social classes and racial-ethnic groups.
B) has remained strongly nuclear, despite varying social conditions for different groups.
C) has been shaped by slavery, migration, poverty, and laws that impeded family formation.
D) has been unaffected by public policies.

Question 42

In some societies a married couple is expected to move in with the husband's family. This is called a _____ system.

A) patrilineal
B) matrilineal
C) patrilocal
D) matrilocal

Question 43

According to , the family is an institution that reinforces and supports power relations in society.

A) functionalism
B) conflict theory
C) symbolic interaction theory
D) exchange theory

Question 44

Regarding commuter marriages the text notes that:

A) commuter marriages are among the most affluent types of families.
B) transportation costs have resulted in a significant decrease in commuter marriages.
C) many poor and working class couples have commuter marriages that do not fit the common stereotype of the commuting professional couple.
D) despite the stereotype, this type of marriage is still very rare.

Question 45

Which of these is the best definition of extended family?

A) A network of parents, children and other relatives who form a family unit
B) A set of relatives who live together in the same residence
C) A group of people who are related to each other by "blood" or ancestry
D) Grandparents, parents, and children of the same lineage

Question 46

The theoretical perspective that is most concerned with the fact that families are gendered institutions that reflect the gender hierarchies in society is .

A) functionalism
B) exchange theory
C) symbolic interaction theory
D) feminist theory

Question 47

What impact did industrialism have on the families in the U.S.?

A) It brought more production work into the household.
B) It created an economy based on cash instead of domestic production.
C) Small family businesses took the place of production for household use only.
D) Women were able to earn as much or more than men for the first time.

Question 48

Research on children in gay and lesbian households has found that:

A) children of gay and lesbian parents are more likely to be gay or lesbian than the children of heterosexual parents.
B) children of gay and lesbian parents are far greater psychological problems than the children of heterosexual parents.
C) there is very little difference in outcomes for the children of gay and lesbians and the children of heterosexuals.
D) children of gays and lesbians tend to hold very stereotypical ideas about gender norms.

Question 49

During periods of rapid social change, families experience social disorganization and this creates social problems. This is part of the view of families.

A) functionalist
B) conflict theory
C) symbolic interactionist
D) exchange theory

Question 50

As a consequence of women's greater labor force participation:

A) families are taking more time for "quality family time" than ever before.
B) families are experiencing a significant increase in the pace of life.
C) families are finding they do not need men's income and they have more flexibility.
D) families have become increasingly affluent.

Question 51

What type of marriage is most common in the U.S. today?

A) Serial monogamy
B) Monogamy
C) Polygamy
D) polygyny

Question 52

theorists view families as essential to maintaining inequality in society.

A) Functionalist
B) Conflict
C) Symbolic interaction
D) Social exchange

Question 53

Sociologists have found that most of the problems faced by households headed by women are primarily the result of:

A) the absence of male authority figures.
B) the threat of poverty that is connected with being a single mother.
C) the psychological pressure of heading a household.
D) excess media attention that creates the perception of a problem.

Question 54

theorists argue that families serve to socialize children into being obedient workers and good consumers to fit the needs of capitalism.

A) Functionalist
B) Conflict
C) Symbolic interaction
D) Social exchange

Question 55

In addition to the high divorce rate, the other primary cause of female single-parent households is:

A) the high rate of pregnancy among unmarried teens.
B) the death of a spouse.
C) having a spouse who is incarcerated.
D) the high unemployment rates for men.

Question 56

The family wage system:

A) paid men more than women based on the assumption that they were the breadwinner.
B) was based on the assumption that all members of the family would need to work in wage labor.
C) forced all women to work outside of the home.
D) made families more self-sufficient.

Question 57

are particularly interested in the way in which families create stability by teaching people the norms and values of society.

A) Functionalists
B) Conflict theorists
C) Symbolic interactionists
D) Exchange theorists

Question 58

From a(n) perspective, married couples create for themselves an identity that is influenced by the definitions others in society have of marriage, in addition to their own definitions.

A) functionalism
B) conflict theory
C) symbolic interactionist
D) exchange theory

Question 59

What is the general pattern for marriage within the U.S.?

A) Marriages are across social classes as often as within the same social class.
B) Most people marry someone who shares similar social characteristics.
C) Americans marry without regard to race or class.
D) People in the U.S. tend to marry people whom they think will help them achieve a higher social class.

Question 60

Prior to industrialization,:

A) the nuclear family was the cultural ideal in the U.S.
B) the household was the center for production and distribution of goods.
C) men were responsible for economic life and women were responsible for domestic life.
D) men worked in wage labor outside the home, and women and children labored at home.

Question 61

Sociological research on the division of labor within married couple households indicates that:

A) the allocation of housework is greatly influenced by men's and women's experiences in their families of origin.
B) Latino men rarely get involved in domestic tasks.
C) young professional couples are the most egalitarian.
D) African American men and White men are equally likely to participate in housework.

Question 62

Sociologists sometimes measure the intensity and consistency of a person's faith. This is termed _.

A) theism
B) religiosity
C) devotion
D) fundamentalism

Question 63

Young people establishing relationships today:

A) tend to follow the pre-established norms of dating.
B) have replaced the process of dating with hooking up.
C) have no desire for long-term relationships.
D) get involved sexually without concern about the stigma of a bad reputation.

Question 64

Elements of the everyday world that are not considered sacred are called .

A) profane
B) sanctified
C) sacred
D) revered

Question 65

The United States is commonly described as being based on a(n) heritage.

A) non-sectarian
B) manifest destiny
C) Judeo-Christian
D) Anglo-Protestant

Question 66

Which of these statements does not describe one of the functions of religion?

A) Religion establishes norms for behavior.
B) Religion establishes moral proscriptions for behavior.
C) Religion serves to preserve diversity and cultural relativism.
D) Religion provides answers to questions of ultimate meaning.

Question 67

What is the relationship between Christianity and governance within the U.S.?

A) The U.S. effectively separates all religions from government.
B) In the U.S. Christianity is often treated as if it is the national religion.
C) The U.S. incorporates holidays and rituals of all faiths equally into its public observances.
D) The government of the U.S. prohibits religions other than Christianity.

Question 68

In the U.S.:

A) the rate of marriage is higher than in western European countries.
B) one out of two marriages ends in divorce.
C) women are more likely to remarry following a divorce than men.
D) the divorce rate has been steadily increasing since the 1950s.

Question 69

Mothers in transnational families:

A) in general spend as much time with their children as other mothers.
B) generally are able to take their children with them from place to place.
C) have expanded their definition of motherhood to include breadwinning.
D) earn less than had they stayed in their native countries.

Question 70

Moral proscriptions for behavior established by religions:

A) are rarely followed by adherents.
B) are recognized as guides with no consequences for non-compliance.
C) often come to be viewed as right and inviolable.
D) are not typically taken seriously.

Question 71

The term secular means:

A) having to do with ordinary, nonreligious life.
B) being held sacred.
C) being prohibited.
D) having to do with the supernatural.

Question 72

The sociological view of marriage is that it:

A) is a romantic and loving union of two individuals.
B) involves a complex set of social dynamics.
C) is a private matter separate from other institutions.
D) cannot be studied using sociological methods.

Question 73

Being single in the U.S. is

A) still a stigmatized status for women in particular.
B) increasingly not due to divorce, but to never having been married.
C) preferable to being married.
D) still rare once a person reaches the age of 30.

Question 74

The boomerang generation refers to people in their 20's who:

A) return home to live with their parents.
B) enter college for a few years, then drop out, and re-enter.
C) hook up and break up with the same person multiple times.
D) marry and divorce before the age of 25.

Question 75

Religion is an institutionalized system of by which a group of people interprets and responds to what they feel is sacred and that provides answers to questions of ultimate meaning.

A) symbols
B) beliefs
C) values
D) all of the above

Question 76

Demographic changes have increased the likelihood of divorce in the U.S. The primary example of this is:

A) the aging of the U.S. population, that results in later age at first marriage.
B) longer life expectancy which increases the length of many marriages beyond what they would have been in the past.
C) the decreasing number of children that forces couples to focus more on each other.
D) the skewed sex ratio that gives women many more choices for potential partners.

Question 77

Church membership and attendance in the U.S.:

A) is higher for men than for women.
B) is higher for younger people than for older people.
C) is higher for women than for men, and for older more than younger people.
D) is fairly uniformly spread throughout the population.

Question 78

A Zuni fetish, a Christian communion wafer, and Native American sacred land are all examples of .

A) sacraments
B) the secular
C) totems
D) deities

Question 79

According to the text, what proportion of Americans believe that religion can solve all or most of society's problems?

A) One-fifth
B) One-fourth
C) One-half
D) Two-thirds

Question 80

In terms of religious identification the U.S., the largest recent increases have been for people who identify as .

A) Catholic and Lutheran
B) evangelical Protestant and Muslim
C) Buddhist and Hindu
D) atheists