Question 1

A person with prediabetes can prevent the onset of diabetes.

Accepted Answer

With lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, healthy eating, and weight loss, a person with prediabetes can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes.

Question 2

What is the most common medical emergency for people with diabetes?&#10;A) Myocardial infarction&#10;B) Coma&#10;C) Hypoglycemia&#10;D) Stroke

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is the most common medical emergency for people with diabetes. It can occur when blood sugar levels drop too low, causing symptoms such as confusion, shakiness, sweating, and dizziness. If left untreated, it can progress to seizures, coma, and even death. It is important for people with diabetes to have a plan in place for managing hypoglycemia, including carrying glucose tablets or gel, and educating friends and family on how to recognize and treat low blood sugar.

Question 3

How frequently should persons with diabetes monitor their blood glucose levels?&#10;A) Every 6 months at the physician's office&#10;B) Four times a day&#10;C) Once every 3 months&#10;D) Only when fasting

Accepted Answer

The frequency of blood glucose monitoring for persons with diabetes can vary based on the type of diabetes, the treatment regimen, and the individual's specific health needs. However, monitoring blood glucose levels four times a day is a common recommendation for individuals with type 1 diabetes or those with type 2 diabetes who require insulin. This helps in managing their condition effectively by making necessary adjustments to their diet, exercise, and medication.

Question 4

Which of the following oral conditions is considered the sixth complication of diabetes?&#10;A) Dental caries&#10;B) Fungal infections&#10;C) Xerostomia&#10;D) Periodontal disease

Accepted Answer

Periodontal disease is considered the sixth complication of diabetes. Diabetic individuals are at a higher risk of developing periodontal disease due to impaired wound healing and an exaggerated inflammatory response to oral bacteria. In addition, elevated blood sugar levels can lead to increased susceptibility to infections, including gum infections. Dental caries, fungal infections, and xerostomia are also common oral conditions in individuals with diabetes, but they are not considered the sixth complication.

Question 5

The six complications of diabetes are caused by which of the following?&#10;A) Medications&#10;B) Absence of insulin&#10;C) Lack of glucose to the brain&#10;D) Hyperglycemia

Accepted Answer

The six complications of diabetes are caused by hyperglycemia, which is consistently high levels of glucose in the blood. This can damage various organs and systems in the body, leading to complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiovascular disease, foot complications, and skin infections.

Question 6

What percentage of persons with type 2 diabetes take insulin to treat the condition?&#10;A) 10%&#10;B) 20%&#10;C) 30%&#10;D) 40%

Accepted Answer

The answer of What percentage of persons with type 2...

Question 7

A common complication of diabetes,cardiovascular disease,is a result of which of the following?&#10;A) Microvascular and macrovascular changes&#10;B) Peripheral neuropathy&#10;C) Retinopathy&#10;D) Nephropathy

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular disease in diabetes is caused by both microvascular (damage to small blood vessels) and macrovascular (damage to larger blood vessels) changes, which can lead to heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease. While peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy are also common complications of diabetes, they do not directly contribute to cardiovascular disease.

Question 8

What emergency care should be given to a client with signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis?&#10;A) Four ounces of orange juice&#10;B) Oxygen&#10;C) Glucose tablets&#10;D) Hospitalization

Accepted Answer

Hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis are serious conditions that require immediate medical attention. Hospitalization is necessary to provide interventions such as fluid and electrolyte replacement, insulin therapy, and monitoring of blood glucose and ketone levels. Giving glucose alone may worsen ketoacidosis, and oxygen is not typically necessary unless there is associated respiratory distress. Orange juice or glucose tablets are too slow and inadequate for the severity of this condition.

Question 9

When a person with diabetes displays signs of confusion,sweating,irritability,and tachycardia,the medical emergency is most likely to be:&#10;A) Myocardial infarction&#10;B) Hyperglycemia&#10;C) Hypoglycemia&#10;D) Convulsions

Accepted Answer

These symptoms are indicative of hypoglycemia, a condition characterized by a dangerously low blood sugar level, which can cause confusion, sweating, irritability, and an increased heart rate (tachycardia) in individuals with diabetes.

Question 10

Polydipsia is the term that describes excessive:&#10;A) Urination&#10;B) Hunger or eating&#10;C) Thirst&#10;D) Glucose in the blood

Accepted Answer

Polydipsia specifically refers to excessive thirst or fluid intake, often as a symptom of underlying conditions such as diabetes mellitus.

Question 11

What is responsible for the increasing incidence of diabetes in the U.S.population?&#10;A) Obesity&#10;B) Heredity&#10;C) Sugar in the diet&#10;D) Hypertension

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is responsible for the increasing incidence...

Question 12

What mechanism is thought to cause tissue damage in persons with diabetes?&#10;A) Alteration of the immunoinflammatory response&#10;B) Bacteriologic overgrowth&#10;C) Ketoacidosis&#10;D) Hypoglycemia

Accepted Answer

The answer of What mechanism is thought to cause tissue...

Question 13

Which type of diabetes results from insulin resistance and a defect in insulin secretion?&#10;A) Type 1&#10;B) Type 2

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of diabetes results from insulin...

Question 14

Glucose intolerance that can occur during pregnancy is termed:&#10;A) Impaired fasting glucose&#10;B) Gestational diabetes mellitus&#10;C) Prediabetes&#10;D) Autoimmune diabetes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glucose intolerance that can occur during pregnancy...

Question 15

What percentage of people with diabetes have severe periodontal disease?&#10;A) 25%&#10;B) 33%&#10;C) 50%&#10;D) 75%

Accepted Answer

The answer of What percentage of people with diabetes have...

Question 16

Which type of diabetes involves an absolute deficiency in insulin secretion?&#10;A) Type 1&#10;B) Type 2

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of diabetes involves an absolute...

Question 17

All of the following are drug therapies for people with diabetes.Which one stimulates the pancreas to secrete more insulin?&#10;A) Exenatide (Byetta)&#10;B) Sulfonylureas&#10;C) Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (Precose)&#10;D) Thiazolidinedione (Avandia)

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following are drug therapies...

Question 18

What emergency care should be given to a conscious client with hypoglycemia?&#10;A) Spirits of ammonia&#10;B) Epinephrine&#10;C) Hard candy&#10;D) Glucagon

Accepted Answer

The answer of What emergency care should be given to...

Question 19

What is the most common type of diabetes mellitus?&#10;A) Type 1&#10;B) Type 2&#10;C) Gestational diabetes&#10;D) Prediabetes

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the most common type of...

Question 20

Atherosclerotic disease is more common in which type of diabetes?&#10;A) Type 1&#10;B) Type 2&#10;C) Gestational diabetes mellitus&#10;D) Prediabetes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Atherosclerotic disease is more common in which...

Question 21

A scheduled client has diabetes and is showing symptoms of diabetes.The client reported recent test findings of a fasting blood glucose level >126 mg/dL,and blood glucose levels >200 mg/dL 2 hours after a meal.The dental hygienist should do which of the following?

A) Defer treatment and refer client to his physician.
B) Conduct a consultation with the physician to determine the best course of action.
C) Continue dental hygiene care.
D) Let the dentist provide the periodontal maintenance care.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A scheduled client has diabetes and is...

Question 22

Dietary control of obesity,treatment of hypertension,treatment of hyperlipidemia,and elimination of smoking may do which of the following?&#10;A) Prevent dental caries in persons with diabetes.&#10;B) Increase gestational diabetes mellitus.&#10;C) Prevent prediabetes from becoming diabetes mellitus.&#10;D) Prevent oral fungal infections.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dietary control of obesity,treatment of hypertension,treatment of...

Question 23

The safe blood glucose level necessary for unaltered dental hygiene care is _____ mg/dL.&#10;A) <70&#10;B) 80 to 150&#10;C) 150 to 240&#10;D) >240

Accepted Answer

The answer of The safe blood glucose level necessary for...

Question 24

Neuropathy,xerostomia,and candidiasis in the person with diabetes may lead to which of the following?&#10;A) Dental caries&#10;B) Severe periodontal disease&#10;C) Tongue changes&#10;D) Hyperglycemia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neuropathy,xerostomia,and candidiasis in the person with diabetes...

Question 25

Xerostomia in people with diabetes is due to which of the following?&#10;A) Increased fluid loss&#10;B) Polydipsia&#10;C) Neuropathy&#10;D) Parotid gland swelling

Accepted Answer

The answer of Xerostomia in people with diabetes is due...

Deck 43: Persons With Diabetes Mellitus