Deck 2: Beginnings of English America, 1607 -1660

Question 1

MATCHING
Puritans

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Answer 1

argued the Church of England was still too Catholic

Question 2

MATCHING
William Bradford

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Answer 2

Pilgrim leader

Question 3

MATCHING
John Calvin

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Answer 3

French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans

Question 4

MATCHING
John Smith

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 5

MATCHING
Henry Care

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 6

MATCHING
Powhatan

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 7

MATCHING
Walter Raleigh

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 8

MATCHING
Squanto

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 9

MATCHING
Virginia Company

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 10

MATCHING
Anne Hutchinson

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 11

MATCHING
Cecilius Calvert

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 12

MATCHING
Pocahontas

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 13

MATCHING
Roger Williams

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 14

MATCHING
John Winthrop

A)proprietor of Maryland
B)wife of John Rolfe
C)Pilgrim leader
D)leader of Indians near Jamestown
E)Governor of Massachusetts
F)his settlement at Roanoke Island failed
G)was denounced for Antinomianism
H)Indian who helped the Pilgrims
I)French-born theologian who influenced the Puritans
J)established Rhode Island
K)believed a balanced constitution was essential to liberties
L)early leader of Jamestown

Question 15

MATCHING
indentured servant

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 16

MATCHING
Quakers

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 17

MATCHING
headright system America

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 18

MATCHING
tobacco

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 19

MATCHING
an Act Concerning Religion

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 20

MATCHING
Mayflower Compact

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 21

As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries:

A) there was an increase in the number of jobless peasants, whom the British government aided with an early form of welfare.
B) efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the New World, thereby easing the British population crisis.
C) mass numbers of peasants converted from Protestantism to Catholicism, because the Catholic Church took better care of the poor.
D) there was a sharp reduction in the number of sheep and other livestock.
E) the spread of the Black Plague decreased because of the elimination of such cramped living quarters.

Question 22

Just as the reconquest of Spain from the Moors established patterns that would be repeated in Spanish New World colonization, the methods used in which one of the following countries anticipated policies England would undertake in America?

A) Ireland
B) India
C) China
D) Scotland
E) Wales

Question 23

Why did England consider Spain its enemy by the late 1500s?

A) because of religious differences: England had officially broken with the Roman Catholic Church, while Spain was devoutly Catholic
B) because of the Spanish Armada's successful invasion of Great Britain in 1588
C) because Spain had allied with France to invade English colonies in the New World
D) because one of Henry VIII's beheaded wives was a Spanish princess, and the Spanish government announced it would be at war with England until Henry apologized
E) because both the English and Spanish royal families laid claim to the Irish throne

Question 24

MATCHING
Half-Way Covenant

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 25

Why did King Henry VII break from the Catholic Church?

A) The Pope had banned England from exploring the New World because the Church already had limited land ownership there to Spain and Portugal.
B) He wanted a divorce, and the Pope refused to grant it.
C) He was trying to unify Great Britain.
D) He wanted to be pope, and the College of Cardinals refused to elect an English Catholic.
E) He did not break with the church; his son and successor Henry VIII did.

Question 26

Which one of the following is true of poverty in seventeenth-century Great Britain?

A) About half of the population lived at or below the poverty line by the end of the seventeenth century.
B) The problem was so bad that Henry VIII authorized judges to order the jobless to work.
C) Poverty rates were worse in British colonies than in the mother country.
D) John Winthrop solved the problem by creating the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
E) Queen Mary's failure to address the problem helped lead to her overthrow.

Question 27

All of the following contributed to the English social crisis of the late sixteenth century EXCEPT:

A) a lower birth rate, which made it difficult to find workers for new industries.
B) the enclosure movement, which forced thousands of peasants from farms.
C) increased prices buoyed by the influx of gold and silver from Latin America.
D) decreased wages in the cities.
E) those forced to wander the roads in search of work.

Question 28

Why did Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Walter Raleigh fail in their attempts to colonize the New World?

A) The government provided insufficient financial support.
B) They were more interested in agriculture than in trade, and they chose areas without good farmland.
C) They tried to set up colonies on the coast of Florida, and the Spanish fought off their attempts.
D) Native Americans attacked the settlers, driving them from the land.
E) They tried to mingle Protestants and Catholics, who were unable to get along.

Question 29

Which one of the following lists these colonies in the proper chronological order by the dates they were founded, from the earliest to the latest?

A) Plymouth, Jamestown, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island
B) Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Jamestown
C) Jamestown, Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Rhode Island
D) Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Rhode Island, Jamestown
E) Jamestown, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island

Question 30

Which one of the following spurred increased European interest in colonizing North America?

A) national and religious rivalries
B) the growth of the agricultural class, whose leaders wanted to expand overseas and increase their share of world trade so that they could rid themselves of surplus crops
C) the desire to create far different societies than those that existed in Europe
D) the desire to spread universal freedom
E) the belief that Native Americans were not human and needed to be exterminated

Question 31

In 1607, the colonists who sailed to Jamestown on three small ships:

A) were funded entirely by the queen's government.
B) chose an inland site partly to avoid the possibility of attack by Spanish warships.
C) were officers and sailors in the British Royal Navy.
D) built a colony at Cape Henry in the mouth of Chesapeake Bay.
E) were members of Puritan congregations in search of religious freedom.

Question 32

What did English settlers in North America believe was the basis of liberty?

A) literacy
B) land
C) the English Bill of Rights
D) church membership
E) a wage-paying job

Question 33

Which one of the following statements is true of Queen Mary of England, who reigned from 1553 to 1558?

A) She ascended to the throne immediately after a long period of civil war and successfully unified the nation.
B) Her refusal to marry led to her designation as "the Virgin Queen," after whom Virginia was named.
C) When the Pope refused to allow her to divorce her French royal husband, she founded an independent Church of England.
D) She temporarily restored Catholicism as the state religion of England.
E) Under her authority, colonists established the first permanent English settlement in North America.

Question 34

MATCHING
House of Burgesses

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 35

MATCHING
Magna Carta

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 36

During the reign of ____________, the English government turned its attention to North America by granting charters to Humphrey Gilbert and Walter Raleigh for the establishment of colonies there.

A) Henry VIII
B) Mary I
C) James I
D) James II
E) Elizabeth I

Question 37

How did Richard Hakluyt explain his claim that there was a connection between freedom and colonization?

A) The English constitutional system would improve on Spain's less structured system in the New World.
B) English colonization would save the New World from Spanish tyranny.
C) The only way to achieve true freedom was through wealth, and the abundant gold in the New World would make all Englishmen wealthy.
D) A person was only truly free when outside the constraints of established societies such as those in Europe.
E) He claimed no such connection; he saw them as separate and unrelated.

Question 38

In Great Britain, the idea of working for wages:

A) was so dishonorable that many refused to accept money for their work and instead received food and shelter.
B) was associated with servility and the loss of liberty.
C) was romanticized in ballads and tales.
D) meant true freedom.
E) grew more popular among the poor during the sixteenth century.

Question 39

The 104 settlers who remained in Virginia after the ships that brought them from England returned home:

A) were all men, reflecting the Virginia Company's interest in searching for gold as opposed to building a functioning society.
B) included women and children, because the Virginia Company realized that a stable society would improve the settlers' chances of success, economic and otherwise.
C) included representatives of several other countries, part of England's effort to build a strong network of supporters in case of Spanish attack.
D) built the second permanent British settlement in North America after Roanoke.
E) were only half of those who originally set sail; the rest turned around and went back.

Question 40

MATCHING
Levellers

A)principles of religious toleration
B)believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons
C)gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America
D)first elected assembly in colonial
E)charter company that established Jamestown
F)first written frame of government in British America
G)a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration
H)primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies
I)argued the Church of England was still too Catholic
J)granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage
K)a political movement favoring expanded liberties
L)written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Question 41

During the seventeenth century, indentured servants:

A) made up less than one-third of English settlers in America.
B) had to surrender their freedom for a minimum of ten years to come to the colonies.
C) had a great deal of trouble acquiring land.
D) had to pay half of the fare to get them to the New World.
E) were almost entirely Irish.

Question 42

Of the half million people who left England between 1607 and 1700:

A) more than half of them settled in North America.
B) more went to the West Indies than to North America.
C) Ireland was the most popular destination, far outdistancing other English colonies.
D) about half returned.
E) almost all were members of aristocratic families.

Question 43

Which one of the following is true of indentured servants?

A) They could not be sold by their masters.
B) Their masters could determine whether they could marry.
C) Pregnant women received their freedom early.
D) They could not be physically punished because, unlike slaves, they had rights as English citizens.
E) Three-quarters of them ran away and found permanent freedom.

Question 44

Which of the following statements is true about the early history of Jamestown?

A) The colony's problems were due largely to its leadership: the same people remained in charge for the first two decades and refused to change their methods.
B) The first settlers were farmers and laborers who were so eager to make money that they refused to work and could not be controlled.
C) The death rate was extraordinarily high.
D) The supplies from England were excellent, but the colonists wasted them.
E) John Smith took the credit, but he had nothing to do with Jamestown's success.

Question 45

Most seventeenth-century migrants to North America from England:

A) arrived with other members of their families.
B) were single, middle-class men.
C) were lower-class men.
D) had been released from debtors' prisons.
E) sought to escape the Black Death then ravaging England.

Question 46

How did indentured servants display a fondness for freedom?

A) They became abolitionists, fighting to end slavery in British North America.
B) Some of them ran away or were disobedient toward their masters.
C) They sent letters home telling their fellow Englishmen that the American colonies offered special opportunities for freedom.
D) They insisted on their right to serve in the militia, because they believed in the right to bear arms.
E) They published pamphlets criticizing their masters, displaying their love of free speech.

Question 47

The Virginia House of Burgesses:

A) was dissolved by King James because he objected to all representative government.
B) was created as part of the Virginia Company's effort to encourage the colony's survival.
C) banned the importation of servants.
D) had more power than the governor.
E) was included in the original charter for the Jamestown colony.

Question 48

How did the Virginia Company reshape the colony's development?

A) It instituted the headright system, giving fifty acres of land to each colonist who paid for his own or another's passage.
B) It fired John Smith and brought in a more popular leader.
C) It gave control back to the king, who straightened out its problems.
D) It required all settlers to grow tobacco, a highly profitable crop.
E) It created an executive committee that really ran the colony and a committee of colonists who thought they were running it.

Question 49

Which English group did the most to reshape Native American society and culture in the seventeenth century?

A) traders
B) religious missionaries
C) colonial authorities
D) settlers farming the land
E) the Royal Geographical Society

Question 50

As leader of the Jamestown colony, John Smith:

A) was a failure and had to return to England.
B) improved relations with Native Americans by marrying Pocahontas.
C) alienated many of the colonists with his autocratic rule.
D) used an elaborate reward system to persuade colonists to work.
E) set up the first representative assembly in the New World.

Question 51

The 1681 painting of David, notable as the only known contemporary portrait of a New England Indian, shows that by the late seventeenth century:

A) many New England Indians had converted to Christianity.
B) Native peoples strongly resisted European cultural incursions.
C) the French were far more influential among New England Indians than were the English.
D) farming had replaced hunting as the chief Native economic activity in New England.
E) English manufactured goods had become an important part of Indians' lives.

Question 52

Which of the following best describes how the English viewed Native American ties to the land?

A) Although they felt the natives had no claim since they did not cultivate or improve the land, the English usually bought their land, albeit through treaties they forced on Indians.
B) They simply tried to wipe out Native Americans and then took their land.
C) They encouraged settlers to move onto Native American land and take it.
D) They totally respected those ties and let the natives stay in all rural areas, negotiating settlements to obtain the coastal lands.
E) The English offered natives the chance to remain on the land as slaves and, when this offer was declined, forced them off of it.

Question 53

Why was the death rate in early Jamestown so high?

A) It lay beside a malarial swamp.
B) The ample food was full of botulism.
C) It was not high; most of the colonists survived.
D) Constant Native American attacks decimated the population.
E) Many of the colonists committed suicide.

Question 54

The Native American leader Powhatan:

A) tried to avoid trade with the colonists because he believed that it would destroy Native American culture.
B) managed to consolidate control over some thirty nearby tribes.
C) was the brother of Pocahontas.
D) invited the colonists to feasts with his tribe and then slaughtered eighty Virginia settlers.
E) won the respect of the colonists when he defeated John Smith in a wrestling match.

Question 55

In the economic exchanges between the English colonists and eastern Native Americans:

A) the arrival of new English goods had no impact on how Indians lived.
B) Native Americans initially welcomed the colonists' goods.
C) Native Americans sought to keep English goods from influencing their religious ceremonies.
D) Native Americans never became integrated into the Atlantic economy.
E) Native Americans soon saw that the colonists' goods were shoddier than their own.

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT a way that colonists undermined traditional Native American agriculture and hunting?

A) Their freely roaming pigs and cattle trampled Native American cornfields and gardens.
B) Their need for wood depleted the forests that Native Americans needed for hunting.
C) Their reliance on the fur trade reduced the population of beaver and other animals important to the Native Americans.
D) They changed the land to suit their way of life instead of adapting to their new surroundings.
E) Their refusal to build fences and permanent structures created conflict with Native American hunting methods.

Question 57

Intermarriage between English colonists and Native Americans in Virginia:

A) began with the wedding of John Smith and Pocahontas.
B) was common.
C) was very rare before being outlawed by the Virginia legislature in 1691.
D) created a mixed race of Native Americans who often wound up enslaved.
E) produced a member of a British royal family who became an Indian chief.

Question 58

Who received most of the profits from trade between Native Americans and colonists?

A) Native Americans
B) British soldiers
C) colonial and European merchants
D) the king
E) Parliament

Question 59

To entice settlers to Virginia, the Virginia Company established the headright system, which:

A) granted religious freedom.
B) provided land to settlers who paid their own passage.
C) brought slavery to the colony.
D) promised every single man a bride.
E) enslaved Indians.

Question 60

Which of the following is true of warfare between colonists and Native Americans during the seventeenth century?

A) Colonists were surprised and disappointed in their inability to defeat Indians easily.
B) Among the colonists, it generated a strong sense of superiority.
C) New England colonists fared far better in warfare than their Virginia counterparts.
D) Treaties quickly ended each of the wars.
E) Native Americans actually had more sophisticated and dangerous weaponry than the English.

Question 61

The Mayflower Compact established:

A) religious toleration and freedom in Massachusetts.
B) the right to emigrate to America.
C) a company chartered to settle New England.
D) a civil government for the Plymouth colony.
E) peaceful relations between English colonists and Indians in Rhode Island.

Question 62

What was Puritan leader and Massachusetts Bay Governor John Winthrop's attitude toward liberty?

A) He saw two kinds of liberty: natural liberty, the ability to do evil, and moral liberty, the ability to do good.
B) He saw two kinds of liberty: negative liberty, the restricting of freedoms for the sake of others, and positive liberty, the assuring of rights through a constitution.
C) He believed that individual rights took precedence over the rights of the community.
D) He believed in a dictatorship, with only himself in charge of it.
E) He believed "liberty" had a religious but not a political meaning.

Question 63

It can be argued that conflict between the English settlers and local Indians in Virginia became inevitable when:

A) the Native Americans realized that England wanted to establish a permanent and constantly expanding colony, not just a trading post.
B) Pocahontas married John Rolfe.
C) the House of Burgesses passed a law ordering Native Americans out of the colony.
D) Powhatan led an attack against the English settlers in 1644.
E) Spain formed a military alliance with Powhatan.

Question 64

In contrast to life in the Chesapeake region, life in New England:

A) was more family oriented.
B) did not involve class-based hierarchies.
C) was not as deeply religious.
D) allowed for equal legal rights for women and men.
E) centered on an economy based on one cash crop.

Question 65

When the Virginia Company gave control of the Virginia colony to the king in 1624:

A) it did so under pressure from the king, who was trying to consolidate his ownership of all colonies.
B) its white population had quintupled since settlement began in 1607.
C) this meant that control over the colony would rest entirely in royal hands, ending the local control that had existed under the Virginia Company.
D) Virginia became the first royal colony.
E) James wanted to change the colony's name to Jamesland, but Parliament rejected it.

Question 66

Puritans followed the religious ideas of the French-born theologian:

A) John Calvin
B) Martin Guerre
C) Jacques Baptiste
D) Charles LeGrand
E) Ulrich Zwingli

Question 67

What does the seal of the Massachusetts Bay Colony imply?

A) that the Indians wished for the English to come over and help liberate them
B) that the Puritans were establishing a "city upon a hill" and a religious refuge
C) that the new colony was prosperous through fur trading, fishing, and timber industries
D) that the area was filled with hostile Indians that would be subdued through the force of the militia
E) that Massachusetts was the jewel in the British empire's crown

Question 68

What good fortune helped the Pilgrims when they landed at Plymouth?

A) They met a Native American, Opechancanough, who helped them.
B) It was the late spring, so it was planting season.
C) Native Americans had recently cleared the fields for planting.
D) The local Indian leader considered the English to be divine.
E) John Smith arrived to help organize them.

Question 69

Where in the Americas did the Pilgrims originally plan to go?

A) New Netherland
B) Plymouth Rock
C) Boston
D) Virginia
E) Pennsylvania

Question 70

Opechancanough:

A) succeeded his father, Powhatan, as the leader of Virginia's Indians.
B) married Pocahontas after the death of John Rolfe.
C) was the first Native American invited to address the House of Burgesses.
D) mounted a surprise attack in 1622 that wiped out one-quarter of Virginia's settlers.
E) killed John Smith.

Question 71

Which statement about women in the early Virginia colony is FALSE?

A) Women mostly came to Virginia as indentured servants.
B) Some women took advantage of their legal status as femme sole.
C) Women consisted of about half the white population.
D) Women often married at a relatively late age-mid-twenties.
E) There was a high death rate among women.

Question 72

Which of the following is true of the Puritans of the seventeenth century?

A) They were completely unified on all issues.
B) They agreed that the Church of England retained too many elements of Catholicism in its rituals and doctrines.
C) They differed completely with the views of the Church of England.
D) They came to the colonies because they had no hope of holding any power in England.
E) John Winthrop founded the church.

Question 73

Maryland was similar to Virginia in that:

A) both started out as proprietary colonies.
B) tobacco proved crucial to its economy and society.
C) John Smith had to take over the colony and organize its settlers to work.
D) both offered settlers total religious freedom.
E) the king approved the creation of each colony only because of pressure from Parliament.

Question 74

Why did Puritans decide to emigrate from England in the late 1620s and 1630s?

A) Because so many of them had become separatists, they had to leave England to save their church.
B) Charles I had started supporting them, creating conflicts with Catholic nobles.
C) The Church of England was firing their ministers and censoring their writings.
D) Puritan leader John Winthrop wanted a high-level position, and leaving England was the only way for him to get it.
E) The Poor Law of 1623 banned non-Catholics from receiving government aid.

Question 75

The marriage between John Rolfe and Pocahontas:

A) brought unrest and conflict between the English and the Indians.
B) split the church.
C) was seen in England as a sign of Anglo-Indian harmony and missionary success.
D) marked the beginnings of many ethnically mixed marriages between Indians and the English.
E) caused King James I to denounce John Rolfe.

Question 76

Why did the Pilgrims flee the Netherlands?

A) They sought new opportunities after a severe economic downturn in the Netherlands left many of them unemployed.
B) They felt that the surrounding culture was corrupting their children.
C) England had gone to war with the Netherlands, and the Pilgrims felt caught in the middle.
D) The Catholic Church took over the Netherlands under a papal edict in 1617, and the Pilgrims felt that they had no choice but to go.
E) The Dutch government ordered them to leave because of their radical religious ideas

Question 77

Virginia's colonial policy of requiring Native Americans to move to reservations:

A) immediately followed the Pequot War.
B) came after the Native American population had risen to 10,000.
C) followed a precedent established by the English in Ireland.
D) led to the Trail of Tears of Native Americans from the Virginia coast to an inland area.
E) ended in failure in 1633.

Question 78

Tobacco production in Virginia:

A) enriched an emerging class of planters and certain members of the colonial government.
B) benefited from the endorsement of King James I.
C) declined after its original success, as Europeans learned the dangers of smoking.
D) resulted in more unified settlements, thanks to tobacco's propensity to grow only in certain areas of Virginia.
E) was under the control of two planters, Walter Winston and the Earl of Kent.

Question 79

What was Virginia's "gold," which ensured its survival and prosperity?

A) cotton
B) fur
C) tobacco
D) indigo
E) sugar

Question 80

Maryland's founder, Cecilius Calvert:

A) wanted Maryland to be like a feudal domain, with power limited for ordinary people.
B) supported total religious freedom for all of the colony's inhabitants.
C) gave a great deal of power to the elected assembly but not to the royal governor.
D) lost ownership of the colony and died a pauper.
E) actually hated Catholics, which is why he set up a colony for them in a swamp.