Deck 24: An Affluent Society, 1953 -1960

Question 1

MATCHING
Brown v. Board of Education

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Answer 1

reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine

Question 2

MATCHING
David Riesman

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Answer 2

The Lonely Crowd

Question 3

MATCHING
Milton Friedman

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Answer 3

conservative economist

Question 4

MATCHING
Orval Faubus

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 5

MATCHING
Eisenhower Doctrine

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 6

MATCHING
Mendez v. Westminster

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 7

MATCHING
Ho Chi Minh

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 8

MATCHING
SCLC

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 9

MATCHING
Warren Court

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 10

MATCHING
free enterprise

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 11

MATCHING
Richard Nixon

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 12

MATCHING
William Levitt

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 13

MATCHING
John
F. Kennedy

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 14

MATCHING
Earl Warren

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 15

MATCHING
Ray Kroc

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 16

MATCHING
Jack Kerouac

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 17

MATCHING
John Kenneth Galbraith

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 18

MATCHING
social contract

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 19

MATCHING
Thurgood Marshall

A)The Affluent Society
B)Checkers speech
C)chief justice of the Supreme Court
D)founder of McDonald's
E)NAACP lawyer
F)conservative economist
G)The Lonely Crowd
H)Little Rock Central High School
I)Vietnamese leader
J)builder of suburbia
K)Beat writer
L)Catholic presidential candidate

Question 20

MATCHING
Southern Manifesto

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 21

After World War II, suburban growth:

A) declined.
B) increased dramatically, especially in places like Levittown and California.
C) occurred primarily in the South.
D) was dominated by expensive housing.
E) was discouraged by state and federal government policies.

Question 22

MATCHING
modern republicanism

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 23

During the 1950s, television:

A) effectively spread images of working-class life to a growing number of Americans.
B) tried to replace newspapers as the most common source of information but failed.
C) became the nation's least favorite form of leisure activity.
D) became an effective advertising medium.
E) presented shows that were controversial.

Question 24

After World War II, the automobile:

A) declined in use, and the Midwest suffered economically.
B) became a status symbol only for the wealthy.
C) remained a luxury, not a necessity of life.
D) altered the American landscape.
E) was replaced by the train as the preferred method of transportation.

Question 25

MATCHING
brinksmanship

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 26

Along with a home and a TV, what became part of the "standard consumer package" of the 1950s?

A) an education
B) a record player
C) a car
D) a credit card
E) a computer

Question 27

Between 1946 and 1960, the American gross national product:

A) more than doubled, and wages increased.
B) declined as wages stagnated.
C) stayed about the same.
D) returned to prewar levels.
E) increased so dramatically that poverty was completely eliminated.

Question 28

MATCHING
Montgomery Bus Boycott

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 29

William Levitt, coupled with the GI Bill, gave many Americans the opportunity to

A) get an education.
B) buy a home.
C) buy a gray flannel suit.
D) buy a car.
E) advance within the military.

Question 30

After World War II, most working women:

A) remained in the industrial jobs they held during the war.
B) did not work outside the home.
C) were concentrated in low-paying, nonunion jobs such as clerical, sales, and service labor.
D) earned the same wages as men.
E) joined unions.

Question 31

Which statement about industry is FALSE?

A) The West did not benefit from the industries that sprang up from the Cold War.
B) By the mid-1950s, white-collar workers outnumbered blue-collar factory and manual laborers.
C) The union's success in raising wages inspired employers to mechanize more and more elements of manufacturing in order to reduce labor costs.
D) Since the 1950s, the American economy has shifted away from manufacturing.
E) New England benefitted from the growth in the construction of aircraft engines and submarines.

Question 32

Which state became a symbol of the postwar suburban boom?

A) Arizona
B) Washington
C) Michigan
D) Nevada
E) California

Question 33

The center of gravity of American farming after World War II shifted to:

A) Oregon and Washington.
B) Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi.
C) North Carolina and South Carolina.
D) Texas, Arizona, and California.
E) New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut.

Question 34

All of the following were new innovations of the 1950s that helped to transform Americans daily lives EXCEPT:

A) jet air travel.
B) electric iron.
C) television.
D) air conditioning.
E) automatic dishwasher.

Question 35

During the 1950s, Americans:

A) tended to marry later in life than did previous generations.
B) experienced a declining birth rate.
C) stressed the importance of a college education, especially for women.
D) on average married younger and had more children as compared to previous generations.
E) encouraged women to choose careers over marriage.

Question 36

MATCHING
new conservatives

A)desegregation of Orange County schools
B)active agent of social change
C)coalition of black minister and activists
D)denounced Brown as an abuse of judicial power
E)Eisenhower's term for his policies
F)defined freedom as a moral condition
G)American pledge to help Middle Eastern countries
H)massive retaliation
I)propelled Martin Luther King Jr. as a national symbol
J)reversed the separate-but-equal doctrine
K)agreement between unions and
L)consumer capitalism

Question 37

The ability to influence the world with American goods and popular culture is called:

A) hard power.
B) coercive power.
C) persuasive power.
D) cultural power.
E) soft power.

Question 38

How did the 1959 American National Exhibition showcase freedom in the United States?

A) as a choice of expression
B) as a moral condition
C) through a display of consumer goods
D) by emphasizing the expansion of suffrage
E) by highlighting America's classless society

Question 39

During the 1950s, agricultural production:

A) declined significantly.
B) became more labor intensive.
C) rose by 50 percent.
D) suffered from a lack of technology.
E) remained centered in the South.

Question 40

The kitchen debates were between:

A) Eisenhower and Nixon.
B) Nixon and Kennedy.
C) Eisenhower and Khrushchev.
D) Khrushchev and Nixon.
E) Kennedy and Johnson.

Question 41

The new conservatives:

A) spoke the language of personal autonomy.
B) emphasized tradition, community, and moral commitment.
C) supported a more centralized federal government.
D) were also known as libertarians.
E) wanted more federal regulation of business.

Question 42

Labor and employers agreed to a new "social contract" that included all of the following provisions EXCEPT:

A) employers required the National Association of Manufacturers to accept the right of workers to organize unions.
B) unions left decisions regarding capital investment in management's hands.
C) unions left decisions regarding plant location in management's hands.
D) employers granted wage increases.
E) employers extended pensions and health insurance to workers.

Question 43

During the postwar suburban boom, African-Americans:

A) experienced little, if any, discrimination, especially in the North.
B) were encouraged to move into communities like Levittown, New York.
C) were discriminated against only in the South.
D) received special treatment if they were veterans.
E) were often unable to receive either private or public financing for housing.

Question 44

New conservatives trusted government to:

A) regulate the economy.
B) regulate personal behavior.
C) protect civil liberties and the toleration of differences.
D) provide a comprehensive welfare system.
E) provide a national system of health care.

Question 45

To libertarian conservatives, freedom meant:

A) first and foremost a moral condition.
B) individual autonomy, limited government, and unregulated capitalism.
C) using government as a vehicle for social reform, ensuring an equal distribution of wealth.
D) what it did in the late eighteenth century-the right to own property and to vote.
E) racial equality and the end of a segregated society.

Question 46

Why did Eisenhower intervene in Vietnam?

A) to prevent the Japanese from colonizing Vietnam
B) to support Ho Chi Minh's nationalist movement
C) to prevent the French from restoring colonial rule
D) to support the Vietnamese people in their opposition to colonial rule
E) to prevent Vietnam from becoming a communist nation

Question 47

The term used to describe developing countries that refused to align with either of the two Cold War powers was:

A) "underdeveloped countries."
B) "quasi countries."
C) "Third World countries."
D) "nation-building countries."
E) "processing countries."

Question 48

During the Cold War, religious differences:

A) created much division among Americans.
B) were heightened by the growth of the suburbs.
C) were not a factor, as church and synagogue membership declined.
D) were intensified through the institution of school prayer.
E) were absorbed within the notion of a common Judeo-Christian heritage.

Question 49

After Vietnam was divided at a peace conference in Geneva:

A) the United States supported the anticommunist leader Ngo Dinh Diem.
B) the United States supported the quest for Vietnamese independence.
C) the United States remained neutral.
D) the French regained control of their former colony.
E) Ngo Dinh Diem's rule was widely accepted.

Question 50

Many conservative businessmen found intellectual reinforcement in the writings of the economist:

A) John Kenneth Galbraith.
B) Milton Friedman.
C) Warren Burger.
D) Alan Greenspan.
E) John Maynard Keynes.

Question 51

Secretary of State John Foster Dulles's policy of massive retaliation:

A) was part of the effort to rely more on conventional forces.
B) eased tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union.
C) calmed the American public's fear of nuclear war.
D) applied only to communist China.
E) declared that any Soviet attack on an American ally would be countered by a nuclear attack on the Soviet Union.

Question 52

Between 1950 and 1970, suburbanization:

A) eased racial tensions in American cities.
B) encouraged a revitalization of American cities.
C) hardened racial divisions in American life.
D) encouraged Puerto Rican immigration.
E) was the theme of the Broadway musical West Side Story.

Question 53

The Eisenhower Doctrine pledged support:

A) for the Guatemalan leader Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán.
B) to the Iranian government under Mohammed Mossadegh.
C) for the UN Charter.
D) to any Asian country resisting communism or nationalism.
E) to any Middle Eastern country resisting communism or nationalism.

Question 54

Modern Republicanism included:

A) the expansion of core New Deal programs.
B) the dismantling of core New Deal programs.
C) the elimination of Social Security.
D) decreased support for highway construction.
E) decreased funding for education.

Question 55

In the 1952 presidential campaign, Richard Nixon's Checkers speech:

A) reflected the growing importance of board games in American life.
B) reflected the growing importance of television in American life.
C) reflected the growing importance of pets in American life.
D) was not well received, and the Republicans lost the election.
E) introduced plans for peace in Korea.

Question 56

All of the following spurred the growth of the suburban middle class EXCEPT:

A) federal tax subsidies.
B) mortgage guarantees for home purchases.
C) trains and streetcars.
D) federal highway construction.
E) the GI Bill.

Question 57

Which statement best describes the thesis of David Riesman's book The Lonely Crowd?

A) White America had alienated black Americans from mainstream society.
B) Americans were conformists and lacked the inner resources to lead truly independent lives.
C) Women were unhappy with the role of wife and mother and longed for acceptance in higher education and other intellectual pursuits.
D) After World War II, Europe was left behind economically and politically with the emergence of the United States and Soviet Union as superpowers.
E) Unionism in America was doomed to fail if the union leaders did not embrace the fact that their demands and strikes labeled them as communists.

Question 58

President Eisenhower used the CIA to overthrow which Middle Eastern government in the early 1950s, in large part because this government attempted to nationalize British-owned oil fields?

A) Iraq
B) Egypt
C) Israel
D) Iran
E) Saudi Arabia

Question 59

The Housing Act of 1949:

A) set a high income ceiling for eligibility.
B) reinforced the concentration of poverty in nonwhite urban neighborhoods.
C) ended the concentration of poverty in nonwhite urban neighborhoods.
D) allowed growing numbers of blacks to move to the suburbs.
E) paired with urban renewal programs made American cities more diverse and prosperous.

Question 60

During the Eisenhower administration, United States-Soviet relations:

A) were made worse with the introduction of the policy of massive retaliation.
B) improved somewhat after the end of the Korean War and the death of Stalin.
C) stayed about the same as those experienced during the Truman years.
D) worsened considerably after the death of Stalin.
E) improved immensely after the end of the Korean War.

Question 61

The Montgomery Bus Boycott:

A) was sparked when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give her seat up to a white man.
B) did not succeed in desegregating the public buses.
C) propelled Thurgood Marshall into the national spotlight as a leader in the civil rights movement.
D) marked the end of the civil rights movement.
E) lasted less than two weeks.

Question 62

Martin Luther King Jr. was:

A) a labor leader in the South.
B) an attorney for the NAACP.
C) inspired by the philosophy of Mao Zedong.
D) inspired by the approach of Booker T. Washington.
E) inspired by the teachings of Gandhi.

Question 63

Who argued the case Brown v. Board of Education before the Supreme Court?

A) Fred Vinson
B) Thurgood Marshall
C) Earl Warren
D) Charles Darrow
E) Martin Luther King Jr.

Question 64

In his 1961 farewell address, President Eisenhower warned Americans about:

A) the military-industrial complex.
B) the rise of organized crime.
C) the increase in juvenile delinquency.
D) environmental hazards.
E) the slow pace of the civil rights movement.

Question 65

Which statement best describes how the white South reacted to the Brown v. Board of Education decision?

A) In opposition to integration, white southerners often burned down schools.
B) While the general public was outraged, southern congressional politicians supported the Supreme Court's decisions.
C) Southerners worked closely with the NAACP, cooperating when they could to integrate schools.
D) Some states closed the public schools, rather than integrate, and offered white children the choice to opt out of integrated schools.
E) Southerners took it in stride, recognizing that the time had come for change.

Question 66

All of the following contributed to the emergence of the civil rights movement of the 1950s EXCEPT:

A) the mass migration out of the South to the North beginning in World War I.
B) the destabilization of the racial system during World War II.
C) the Cold War, which demanded that the rhetoric of democracy be practiced in America.
D) the rise of independent states in the Third World.
E) President Truman's refusal to desegregate the military.

Question 67

As a result of the Montgomery boycott in 1955-1956:

A) blacks won the right to attend the school of their choice.
B) the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public transportation was legal.
C) the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public transportation was illegal.
D) African-American women became less involved in the civil rights movement.
E) Rosa Parks was sent to jail for over a year.

Question 68

During the 1950s, American teenagers:

A) declined in number within the general population.
B) increased in number and were often perceived to be alienated.
C) were not viewed as a distinct population group.
D) voted in significant numbers.
E) were prohibited from reading any comic books.

Question 69

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference:

A) was a coalition of white southerners who resisted desegregation.
B) was a coalition of black ministers and civil rights activists who fought for desegregation.
C) worked primarily on the local level.
D) did not seek federal assistance.
E) had the support of all southern congressmen.

Question 70

In Brown v. Board of Education, what was Thurgood Marshall's main argument before the Supreme Court?

A) that segregation did lifelong damage to black children, undermining their self-esteem
B) that Plessy v. Ferguson was an outdated ruling that needed to be updated
C) that the time had come to implement the promises of Reconstruction
D) that the white, southern politicians did not adequately provide for black schools, thereby violating the "but equal" part of the Plessy ruling
E) that children ought to attend the school that is closest to them, and Linda Brown lived within a mile of the "white" school and should be able to attend that school

Question 71

Which Supreme Court decision did Brown overturn?

A) Plessy v. Ferguson
B) Muller v. Oregon
C) Yick Wo v. Hopkins
D) Roe v. Wade
E) Lochner v. New York

Question 72

All of the following are examples of 1950s cultural dissent EXCEPT:

A) rock and roll
B) Playboy
C) Port Huron Statement
D) the Beats
E) Catcher in the Rye

Question 73

The Southern Manifesto:

A) rejected massive resistance.
B) argued that southern states should not fly the Confederate flag over state capitol buildings.
C) repudiated the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education.
D) argued that the Brown v. Board of Education decision reinforced southern customs and traditions.
E) argued that the Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson was unconstitutional.

Question 74

Challenges to the mass conformity of the 1950s came from:

A) hippies.
B) flappers.
C) the Beats.
D) the Beatles.
E) the communists.

Question 75

What was the organization called that Martin Luther King Jr. established after the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

A) Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
B) Congress for Racial Equality (CORE)
C) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
D) Southern Christian Leadership Council (SCLC)
E) Urban League

Question 76

The kitchen debates refer to the public debates during the 1950s over whether women ought to work outside of the home.

Question 77

What were William Whyte's The Organization Man, Vance Packard's The Hidden Persuaders, and John Kenneth Galbraith's The Affluent Society all critical of?

A) America's social values
B) Soviet communism
C) civil rights policies
D) monopolies in American business
E) Eisenhower's foreign policy

Question 78

In response to the Brown decision and to the general growth of the civil rights movement during the 1950s, southern states:

A) passed laws that allowed for a slow desegregation of public schools.
B) banned the Ku Klux Klan from operating.
C) flew the Confederate flag over state capitol buildings.
D) subsidized private academies for black students only.
E) subsidized integrated private schools.

Question 79

In response to the court-ordered desegregation of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas:

A) violence broke out, but President Eisenhower refused to send federal troops.
B) violence broke out, and President Eisenhower sent in federal troops.
C) high schools across the South became desegregated immediately.
D) Governor Orval Faubus used the National Guard to protect the black students from angry whites.
E) Governor Orval Faubus requested that federal troops be sent into Little Rock to end the violence.

Question 80

In 1954, the Supreme Court case known as Brown v. Board of Education:

A) declared lynching unconstitutional.
B) found that segregation in bus stations was unlawful.
C) extended the Plessey v. Ferguson ruling to include schools.
D) found that separate-but-equal was unconstitutional.
E) found that separate-but-equal was constitutional.