Deck 12: Alkanes

Question 1

How many primary carbon atoms are in the straight-chain alkane with the formula C₃H₈?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Answer 1

2

Question 2

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)3-ethyl-5-methyldecane
B)3-ethyl-2-pentylhexane
C)3-ethyl-5-pentylhexane
D)8-ethyl-6-methyldecane

Answer 2

3-ethyl-5-methyldecane

Question 3

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)4-propylhexane
B)3-ethyl-2-methylhexane
C)2-methyl-3-ethylhexane
D)4-ethyl-5-methylheptane

Answer 3

3-ethyl-2-methylhexane

Question 4

How many hydrogen atoms are present in a cyclic alkane with six (6)carbon atoms?

A)6
B)8
C)10
D)12
E)14

Question 5

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)4-isopentylnonane
B)3-ethyl-4-propylnonane
C)3,3-dimethyl-4-propylnonane
D)3,3-dimethyl-4-butylnonane

Question 6

Which of the following is a constitutional isomer of the compound shown below?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)More than one of the molecules is a constitutional isomer of the original molecule.

Question 7

Which of the following pairs of compounds are constitutional isomers?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 8

Which structure depicts an alkane of molecular formula C₆H₁₂ that has two 1° carbons and two 3° carbons?

A)
B)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)
D)

Question 9

Which molecule is a constitutional isomer of the compound (CH₃)₂CH(CH₂)₂CH₃?

A)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH(CH₃)₂
B)
C)
D)

Question 10

How many hydrogen atoms are present in an acyclic alkane with five (5)carbon atoms?

A)5
B)7
C)9
D)10
E)12

Question 11

What is the IUPAC name of CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃?

A)Butane
B)Hexane
C)Propane
D)Pentane
E)Heptane

Question 12

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)Heptane
B)1,1,3,3-tetramethylpropane
C)2,4-dimethylpentane
D)1,5-dimethylpentane

Question 13

Which formula represents a cyclic alkane?

A)C₁₀H₁₈
B)C₁₀H₂₂
C)C₉H₂₀
D)C₁₀H₂₀
E)C₁₁H₂₀

Question 14

How many secondary carbons are in the straight-chain alkane with the formula C₄H₁₀?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 15

Which of the following compounds is identical to the one shown below?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 16

Constitutional isomers differ in the ________.

A)identities of the atoms in the molecule
B)number of hydrogen atoms in the molecule
C)way the atoms are connected to each other
D)molecular formula used to describe them

Question 17

What is the IUPAC name of CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃?

A)Butane
B)Methane
C)Propane
D)Pentane

Question 18

Which molecular formula has the largest number of constitutional isomers?

A)C₅H₁₂
B)C₂H₆
C)C₆H₁₄
D)All of the molecular formulas above have the same number of constitutional isomers.

Question 19

Which formula represents an acyclic alkane?

A)C₁₀H₁₈
B)C₉H₁₈
C)C₁₂H₂₆
D)C₁₀H₂₀
E)C₁₂H₂₈

Question 20

What is the classification of each labeled carbon atom in the structure below?

A)C1 is a secondary carbon and C2 is a primary carbon.
B)C1 is a tertiary carbon and C2 is a secondary carbon.
C)C1 is a secondary carbon and C2 is a tertiary carbon.
D)C1 is a primary carbon and C2 is a tertiary carbon.

Question 21

Which balanced chemical equation represents the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon?

A)CH₃CH₂CH₃ + 5 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O
B)2 CH₃CH₂CH₃ + 7 O₂ → 6 CO + 8 H₂O
C)C₃₆H₇₄ + 36 O₂ → 36 CO + 37 H₂O
D)C₂₆H₅₀ + 33 O₂ → 16 CO₂ + 10 CO + 25 H₂O

Question 22

How many tertiary carbons are in the molecule (CH₃)₂CH(CH₂)₂CH₃?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 23

Which compound is identical to this molecule?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)More than one molecule is identical to the original molecule.

Question 24

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)Ethyl-methyl-cyclopropane
B)Ethyl-2-methylcyclobutane
C)1-ethyl-2-methylcyclobutane
D)1-ethyl-2-methylcyclopropane
E)Ethyl-2-methylcyclotriane

Question 25

What is the classification of each labeled carbon atom in this structure?

A)C1 is a 1°,C2 is 2°,C3 is a 3°,and C4 is 4°.
B)C1 is a 2°,C2 is 3°,C3 is a 3°,and C4 is 4°.
C)C1 is a 1°,C2 is 2°,C3 is a 3°,and C4 is 1°.
D)C1 is a 2°,C2 is 3°,C3 is a 2°,and C4 is 3°.

Question 26

What is the classification of each labeled carbon atom in this structure?

A)C1 is a 1°,C2 is 2°,and C3 is a 3°.
B)C1 is a 2°,C2 is 1°,and C3 is a 3°.
C)C1 is a 3°,C2 is 2°,and C3 is a 1°.
D)C1 is a 3°,C2 is 1°,and C3 is a 2°.

Question 27

How many quaternary carbons are in this molecule?

A)0
B)1
C)4
D)5

Question 28

Which has the highest boiling point?

A)Natural gas
B)Lubricating oil
C)Gasoline
D)Kerosene
E)Fuel oil

Question 29

What is the structure of butylcyclopentane?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 30

Which name represents a valid IUPAC name for an alkane?

A)1,4-diethylheptane
B)4,4-diethyl-2,3,4-trimethylpentane
C)4,4-diethyl-2,3,4-trimethylcycloheptane
D)4,4-diethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane
E)More than one of the names is a valid IUPAC name for an alkane.

Question 31

How many secondary carbons are in the molecule (CH₃)₂CH(CH₂)₂CH₃?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 32

What is the structure of 1-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 33

What is the IUPAC name of this molecule?

A)2,4-dimethyl-2-ethylhexane
B)2-ethyl-2,4-dimethylhexane
C)3,3,5-trimethylheptane
D)5-ethyl-3,5-dimethylhexane

Question 34

Which name is not a valid IUPAC name for an alkane?

A)2,3,4-trimethylhexane
B)1-butyl-2-ethylcyclopentane
C)1-ethyl-2-butylpentane
D)5-butyl-2-methylnonane

Question 35

Which compound has the lowest melting point?

A)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
B)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
D)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 36

What is the structure of 2-methylhexane?

A)(CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂CH₃
B)(CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
C)(CH₃)₃CCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
D)

Question 37

Which alkane has the lowest boiling point?

A)Octane
B)Butane
C)Ethane
D)Hexane
E)Propane

Question 38

What is the structure of 4 propyloctane?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 39

Which compound is identical to this molecule?

A)(CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂CH₃
B)CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₃
C)
D)
E)More than one molecule is identical to the original molecule.

Question 40

Branching in an alkane chain decreases surface area. With this in mind,which of the following alkanes has the highest boiling point?

A)(CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
B)(CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂CH(CH₃)₂
C)CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
D)(CH₃)₃CC(CH₃)₃

Question 41

Which types of compounds are saturated hydrocarbons?

A)Alkenes
B)Aromatic hydrocarbons
C)Alkanes
D)Alkynes
E)All of the hydrocarbons are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Question 42

What alkyl halide is formed when CH₃CH₃ is heated with bromine,Br₂?

A)C₂Br₆
B)CH₂=CH₂
C)CH₃CH₂OH
D)CH₃CH₂Br

Question 43

The molecules below are constitutional isomers.

Question 44

Shark liver oil is approximately 14% pristane (C₁₉H₄₀). Pristane is an acyclic alkane.

Question 45

Which is NOT a property associated with tetradecane,a 14-carbon straight chain alkane?

A)Strong hydrogen bonds
B)Low water solubility
C)Density less than water
D)Flammable liquid

Question 46

The compounds below are constitutional isomers.

Question 47

The molecules below are constitutional isomers.

Question 48

CO₂ is a greenhouse gas.

Question 49

The compounds shown below are related as constitutional isomers.

Question 50

The compounds below are constitutional isomers.

Question 51

What type of compound is formed with an alkane reacts with light and chlorine,Cl₂?

A)Alkene
B)Alkyl halide
C)Alkyne
D)Cycloalkane

Question 52

Decane has the structure: CH₃(CH₂)₉CH₃. What does the prefix "dec-" specifically indicate about the structure of this compound?

A)It contains a straight chain of carbons.
B)It contains 10 carbons in a continuous chain.
C)It is an alkane.
D)It is a saturated hydrocarbon.

Question 53

A branched alkane and a cycloalkane with the same number of carbons have the same number of hydrogen atoms in their chemical formulas.

Question 54

The combustion of alkanes and other hydrocarbons obtained from fossil fuels adds a tremendous amount of CO₂ to the atmosphere each year.

Question 55

The compounds below are constitutional isomers.

Question 56

What is the classification of the carbon atom that bonded to the -OH group in menthol?

A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Tertiary
D)Quaternary

Question 57

All organic molecules must have at least one primary carbon atom.

Question 58

The products of the complete combustion of any hydrocarbon are CO₂ + H₂O,regardless of the identity of the starting material.

Question 59

What is the classification of C1 on the molecule below?

A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Tertiary
D)Quaternary

Question 60

Asphalt is a mixture of high molecular weight hydrocarbons. Which solvent would be best for removing asphalt from a newly paved road off the bottom of a pair of shoes?

A)Water
B)Octane
C)Methanol,CH₃OH
D)NaCl(aq)

Question 61

The two structures below represent the same compound.

Question 62

The IUPAC name of the molecule below is butylcyclopentane.

Question 63

The IUPAC name of the molecule below is propylcyclobutane.

Question 64

The molecular formula for an alkane with 12 carbon atoms and two rings is C₁₂H₂₄.

Question 65

If a cyclic alkane has 28 hydrogens and a single ring,it must have 13 carbon atoms.

Question 66

5-methyl-5-propylnonane is a valid IUPAC name for an alkane.

Question 67

Alkanes containing only secondary carbon atoms do not exist.

Question 68

Oxidation results in a decrease in the number of C-O bonds and an increase in the number of C-H bonds.

Question 69

5-ethyl-2-methylhexane is a valid IUPAC name for an alkane.

Question 70

5,5-dimethyl-5-propylnonane is a valid IUPAC name for an alkane.

Question 71

Cyclic alkanes are planar molecules containing one or more rings of carbon.

Question 72

The IUPAC name of the molecule (CH₃)₂CH(CH₂)₂CH₃ is 2-methylhexane.

Question 73

The molecule below contains 1°,2°,and 3° carbon atoms,but no 4° carbon atoms.

Question 74

5-methyl-2-butylnonane is a valid IUPAC name for an alkane.

Question 75

1,1-dimethylcyclohexane is a valid IUPAC name for an alkane.

Question 76

C₂H₆ has a higher boiling point than the compound below.

Question 77

Natural gas is composed primarily of propane.

Question 78

Pentane has a higher boiling point than 2,2-dimethylpropane.

Question 79

The two structures below represent the same compound.

Question 80

Acyclic alkanes with four or more carbon atoms have constitutional isomers.