Deck 16: Occupational Stress

Question 1

According to the occupational stress model, thwarted ambition is a source of stress that is related to _____.

A) one's role in an organization
B) relationships at work
C) career development
D) the structure of an organization

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a source of extraorganizational stress?

A) Family problems
B) Life crises
C) Financial difficulties
D) Poor relationships with one's boss

Answer 2

D

Question 3

According to the occupational stress model, lack of effective consultation is a source of stress that is related to _____.

A) organizational structure and climate
B) one's role in an organization
C) career development
D) one's relationships at the workplace

Answer 3

A

Question 4

When workers lack the training, education, skills, or experience to accomplish a job, it is known as _____.

A) role ambiguity
B) role overload
C) role conflict
D) role insufficiency

Question 5

According to the Occupational Stress Evaluation Grid, stressors such as time, speed, creativity, autonomy, supervision, coworkers, ergonomics, and participation in decision-making fall under the _____.

A) interpersonal context
B) psychological context
C) organizational context
D) work-setting context

Question 6

According to the Occupational Stress Evaluation Grid, stressors such as divorce, separation, marital discord, death of a family member or friend, intergenerational conflict, legal or financial difficulties, and early parenthood fall under the _____.

A) sociocultural context
B) interpersonal context
C) biological context
D) physical/environmental context

Question 7

According to the Occupational Stress Evaluation Grid, stressors such as disease, disability, sleep, appetite disturbance, chemical dependency, biochemical imbalance, and pregnancy fall under the _____.

A) sociocultural context
B) work-setting context
C) biological context
D) physical/environmental context

Question 8

According to the Occupational Stress Evaluation Grid, stressors such as poor air, climate, noise exposure, toxic substance exposure, poor lighting, bad architecture, and poor equipment design fall under the _____.

A) sociocultural context
B) work-setting context
C) biological context
D) physical/environmental context

Question 9

In 2007, how often did workers call in sick when they were not sick?

A) 20 to 36 percent of the time
B) Less than 20 percent of the time
C) More than 66 percent of the time
D) 40 to 50 percent of the time

Question 10

Researchers find higher rates of heart attacks on _____ than on any other day of the week, and the fewest heart attacks on _____.

A) Fridays; Sundays
B) Mondays; Sundays
C) Mondays; Fridays
D) Sundays; Wednesdays

Question 11

When job demands are so great that a worker feels an inability to cope, it is known as _____.

A) role ambiguity
B) role overload
C) role conflict
D) role insufficiency

Question 12

The costs of occupational stress to society are related to:

A) benefits and Social Security costs in connection with premature retirement.
B) medical costs and possible hospitalization.
C) potential loss of productive workers.
D) all of these.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of gender and occupational stress?

A) More women are likely to develop stress-related chronic illnesses than are men.
B) Men report higher levels of stress than do women.
C) More men believe they are doing enough to manage their stress than do women.
D) More men believe it is important to manage stress than do women.

Question 14

When workers call in sick but are not sick, it is known as:

A) flextime.
B) entitlement mentality.
C) the right to pass.
D) being a workaholic.

Question 15

According to Business News Daily, job stress is estimated to cost American companies more than _____ a year in health costs, absenteeism, and poor performance.

A) $3 million
B) $300 million
C) $3 billion
D) $300 billion

Question 16

The Occupational Stress Evaluation Grid includes all of the following contexts EXCEPT the:

A) interpersonal context.
B) psychological context.
C) psycho-social context.
D) biological context.

Question 17

_____ allows workers to vary the time they begin or end work.

A) Flexible scheduling
B) Flake rate
C) The right to pass
D) Selective scheduling

Question 18

According to the Occupational Stress Evaluation Grid, stressors such as racism, sexism, ecological shifts, political changes, military crises, and economic downturns fall under the _____.

A) sociocultural context
B) interpersonal context
C) biological context
D) physical/environmental context

Question 19

According to the Occupational Stress Evaluation Grid, stressors such as neurosis, ineffective coping skills, poor self-image, poor communication, and addictive behavior fall under the _____.

A) interpersonal context
B) psychological context
C) organizational context
D) environmental context

Question 20

In the context of physiological effects of occupational stress, several investigators have found the work environment associated with:

A) hypertension.
B) cardiovascular disease.
C) serum cholesterol.
D) all of these.

Question 21

Immersing oneself excessively in work at the expense of nonwork activities is known as:

A) having an entitlement mentality.
B) being a workaholic.
C) being a slacker.
D) having a disentitlement mentality.

Question 22

Which of the following statements is true of women and retirement?

A) Women invest less conservatively than men, therefore accumulating more retirement assets.
B) Women are less likely to work in part-time jobs that do not qualify for a retirement plan.
C) Women are much more likely than older men to have earnings in retirement.
D) More women depend solely on social security benefits in retirement than do men.

Question 23

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which of the following statements is true of health promotion programs?

A) They lower health insurance and worker compensation costs.
B) They increase employee absenteeism.
C) They decrease employees' focus and function while at work.
D) They increase out-of-pocket expenses related to medication and hospitalizations for employees.

Question 24

According to the progressive five-stage approach, which of the following is the correct sequence of the stages involved in the development of burnout?

A) The honeymoon, chronic symptoms, fuel shortage, hitting the wall, and crisis
B) The honeymoon, fuel shortage, chronic symptoms, hitting the wall, and crisis
C) The honeymoon, fuel shortage, chronic symptoms, crisis, and hitting the wall
D) The honeymoon, chronic symptoms, fuel shortage, crisis, and hitting the wall

Question 25

When workers get caught in a bind and are faced with conflicting demands from different supervisors, it is known as _____.

A) role overload
B) role ambiguity
C) role conflict
D) role insufficiency

Question 26

Job stress is related to:

A) anxiety.
B) absenteeism.
C) poor job performance.
D) all of these.

Question 27

A life-situation intervention could include all of the following steps EXCEPT:

A) quitting your job.
B) asking for a change in your job responsibilities.
C) saying "yes" to more responsibilities.
D) requesting a less stressful job within the same organization.

Question 28

The use of activities specific to getting a task done is known as:

A) problem-focused coping.
B) emotion-focused coping.
C) future-focused coping.
D) past-focused coping.

Question 29

According to the occupational stress model, which of the following sources of stress at work is related to career development?

A) Overpromotion
B) Underpromotion
C) Lack of job security
D) All of these

Question 30

Variables associated with job satisfaction such as working on stimulating tasks, being recognized for work well done, and positive relationships with work colleagues are known as:

A) motivational factors.
B) coping factors.
C) environmental factors.
D) physical factors.

Question 31

What percentage of women work outside the home?

A) 39 percent
B) 48 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 54 percent

Question 32

Which of the following is most likely a symptom of burnout at work?

A) Increasing sense of humor
B) Taking frequent vacations
C) Decreasing overtime
D) Skipping rest and food breaks

Question 33

According to the occupational stress model, which of the following sources of stress at work is intrinsic to the job?

A) Poor physical working conditions
B) Restrictions on behavior
C) Office politics
D) All of these

Question 34

A perception intervention could include all of the following steps EXCEPT:

A) looking for the humor in your stressors at work.
B) distinguishing between need and desire.
C) trying to see things for what they really are.
D) linking your self-worth with the task at hand.

Question 35

The use of activities to feel better about a task is known as:

A) solution-focused coping.
B) emotion-focused coping.
C) future-focused coping.
D) past-focused coping.

Question 36

A small amount of stress would be strictly associated with a lower incidence of disease.

Question 37

Sean quits his job as he is not able to handle the work pressure. Which of the following types of interventions is exemplified in this case?

A) Life-situation intervention
B) Physiological arousal intervention
C) Perception intervention
D) Emotional arousal intervention

Question 38

When aspects of a job and workplace are unclear, it is known as _____.

A) role ambiguity
B) role overload
C) role conflict
D) role sufficiency

Question 39

_____ is an adverse stress reaction to work with psychological, psychophysiological, and behavioral components.

A) Burnout
B) Perfectionism
C) Burden
D) Entitlement mentality

Question 40

The Occupational Stress Evaluation Grid, developed in 1977, was a great tool to assess stress but is now obsolete.

Question 41

Workers' perceptions of the degree of their participation in the decision-making process, the degree to which they are consulted on issues affecting the organization, and their involvement in establishing rules of behavior at work have proved to be related to job satisfaction.

Question 42

Women cope with occupational stressors by requesting and receiving less social support than men.

Question 43

Laptops and cell phones have become effective tools for managing work stress.

Question 44

Occupational stress is related to coronary heart disease.

Question 45

A diminished sense of humor is a symptom of job burnout.

Question 46

Work stress is experienced in the same way in every country.

Question 47

Telework is not only good for workers, it is also good for businesses.

Question 48

Stressful workplaces are defined as those with high demand and low control or high effort and low reward.

Question 49

In the context of stress management programs, researchers have concluded that health promotion programs increase absenteeism and decrease presenteeism.

Question 50

Women tend to be more conservative than men in their investments, and as a result, they tend to accumulate less retirement assets than men.

Question 51

Although workaholism can cause social problems, it is not linked to any health-related consequences.

Question 52

Work stress is costing businesses billions of dollars.

Question 53

Women are no longer predominately employed in traditional women's roles.

Question 54

Men and women have essentially the same experiences with retirement.

Question 55

The stressors associated with full-time homemaking are similar to other occupational stressors.

Question 56

American workers take fewer vacation days than do workers in other developed countries.

Question 57

Men suffer from sexual harassment at work as much as women do.

Question 58

In the context of burnout, depersonalization refers to feeling detached from the work and worksite.

Question 59

The amount of work done by a worker seems to be more critical to health than the control the worker has over the work rate or related work processes.

Question 60

Too much work, even if you enjoy it, can itself be an occupational stressor.