Deck 11: The Muscular System

Question 1

Which of the following is not one of the descriptive ways to name a muscle?

A) size
B) shape
C) number of origins
D) sites of origins
E) number of cells

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Briefly describe the differences between a mechanical advantage and a mechanical disadvantage.

Answer 2

A lever operates at a mechanical advantage when a smaller effort can move a heavier load. The effort must move a greater distance or have a longer range of motion and be faster than the load. A lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage when a larger effort moves a lighter load. The effort must move more slowly and for a shorter distance than the load.

Question 3

Discuss the roles of prime movers, antagonists, synergists, and fixators in movement.

Answer 3

The prime mover contracts to cause a particular action. The antagonist causes the opposite action, and so, must relax while the prime mover contracts. Synergists prevent unwanted movements during an action, while fixators stabilize the origin of the prime mover. Both allow the prime mover to work more efficiently.

Question 4

A lever is acted on at two different points by two different forces which are

A) fulcrum and resistance.
B) leverage and load.
C) lever and resistance.
D) effort and load.
E) lever and effort.

Question 5

Most muscles cross at least one

A) tendon.
B) joint.
C) bone.
D) ligament.
E) body plane.

Question 6

Briefly distinguish between the lever and the fulcrum. Give an example of each part of the lever system in producing movement.

Question 7

Motion will occur in a muscle when the ___ supplied exceeds the ___.

A) effort, load
B) resistance, lever
C) load, effort
D) load, resistance
E) lever, effort

Question 8

This type of muscle works by stabilizing the origin of a prime mover so that it can act more efficiently.

A) synergist
B) agonist
C) antagonist
D) fixator
E) secondary mover

Question 9

The attachment of a muscle's tendon to the stationary bone is called the ___; the attachment of the muscle's other tendon to the movable bone is called ___.

A) origin, action
B) insertion, action
C) origin, insertion
D) insertion, origin

Question 10

Distinguish between the effort and the load in regard to leverage. Give an example of where the load and effort are applied in the movement of elbow flexion.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a fascicle arrangement?

A) pennate
B) triangular
C) oval
D) parallel
E) fusiform

Question 12

This type of fascicle arrangement has the fascicles spread over a broad area and converges at a thick central tendon.

A) triangular
B) pennate
C) circular
D) fusiform
E) multipennate

Question 13

In the diagram, where is the effort?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) All of these choices
E) None of these choices

Question 14

Name and describe the locations and actions of the muscles typically used in breathing.

Question 15

In the diagram, where is the fulcrum?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) All of these choices
E) None of these choices

Question 16

Name the three groups of muscles constituting the intrinsic muscles of the hand. Briefly describe their structures and functions.

Question 17

Chuck has a rotator cuff injury. Which muscles and associated structures might be involved, and what sorts of activities might have led up to this injury. What movements might be inhibited by this injury?

Question 18

In the diagram shown, where is the external intercostals?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 19

What is another name for a prime mover?

A) antagonist
B) agonist
C) synergist
D) asynergist
E) fixator

Question 20

Identify the anatomical parts corresponding to the generic components of a lever system and describe their function within the lever-system.

Question 21

Where is the deltoid?

A) C
B) D
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 22

Where is the tibialis anterior?

A) D
B) E
C) G
D) I
E) A

Question 23

Where is the levator palpebrae superioris?

A) B
B) D
C) E
D) F
E) G

Question 24

Where is the zygomaticus major?

A) B
B) E
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 25

Where is the rectus femoris?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) H

Question 26

Where is the latissimus dorsi?

A) A
B) B
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 27

Where is the gastrocnemius?

A) C
B) D
C) G
D) H
E) A

Question 28

Where is the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A) C
B) D
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 29

Where is the orbicularis oculi?

A) D
B) E
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 30

Where is the teres minor?

A) F
B) G
C) C
D) D
E) None of these choices

Question 31

Where is the depressor anguli oris?

A) K
B) L
C) M
D) N
E) None of these choices

Question 32

Where is the soleus?

A) A
B) C
C) E
D) I
E) H

Question 33

Where is the inferior rectus?

A) A
B) C
C) E
D) F
E) G

Question 34

Where is the triceps brachii?

A) D
B) E
C) C
D) I
E) None of these choices

Question 35

Where is the mentalis?

A) J
B) K
C) L
D) M
E) N

Question 36

Where is the masseter?

A) A
B) B
C) G
D) H
E) E

Question 37

Where is the buccinator?

A) F
B) G
C) I
D) J
E) K

Question 38

Where is the masseter?

A) A
B) B
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 39

Where is the external oblique?

A) D
B) G
C) H
D) I
E) E

Question 40

Where is the medial rectus?

A) C
B) D
C) E
D) F
E) G

Question 41

Where is the corocobrachialis?

A) B
B) C
C) D
D) G
E) H

Question 42

Where is the longissimus cervicis?

A) D
B) E
C) K
D) J
E) F

Question 43

Where is the flexor pollicis brevis?

A) C
B) E
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 44

Where is the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A) C
B) D
C) E
D) F
E) G

Question 45

Where is the sternocleidomastoid?

A) B
B) C
C) G
D) H
E) I

Question 46

Where is the adductor pollicis?

A) B
B) C
C) D
D) G
E) H

Question 47

Where is the supraspinatus?

A) E
B) F
C) G
D) H
E) I

Question 48

Where is the flexor carpi radialis?

A) C
B) D
C) E
D) F
E) G

Question 49

Where is the rhomboid major?

A) E
B) F
C) G
D) H
E) I

Question 50

Where is the infraspinatus?

A) E
B) F
C) G
D) H
E) I

Question 51

Where is the external oblique?

A) D
B) E
C) F
D) H
E) I

Question 52

Where is the teres major?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 53

Where is the pronator teres?

A) B
B) C
C) D
D) E
E) None of these choices

Question 54

Where is the rhomboid minor?

A) D
B) E
C) F
D) P
E) Q

Question 55

Where is the lastissimus dorsi?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) I

Question 56

Where is the splenius capitis?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) K
E) L

Question 57

Where is the longissimus thoracis?

A) M
B) N
C) O
D) P
E) Q

Question 58

Where is the transverse abdominus?

A) D
B) E
C) F
D) H
E) I

Question 59

Where is the serratus anterior?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) I

Question 60

Where is the lateral rectus?

A) C
B) D
C) E
D) F
E) G

Question 61

Where is the adductor longus?

A) H
B) I
C) J
D) K
E) L

Question 62

Where is the semitendinosus?

A) J
B) K
C) L
D) M
E) N

Question 63

Which three muscles make up the hamstring?

A) L, M , N
B) E, F, G
C) H, I, J
D) I, J, K
E) A, B, C

Question 64

Where is the spinalis thoracis?

A) L
B) M
C) N
D) D
E) E

Question 65

Where is the piriformis?

A) B
B) E
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 66

Where is the gracilis?

A) H
B) I
C) J
D) K
E) L

Question 67

Where is the rotatore?

A) Q
B) P
C) O
D) N
E) M

Question 68

Where is the vastus intermedius?

A) D
B) E
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 69

Where is the sartorius?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) None of these choices

Question 70

Where is the inferior gemellus?

A) E
B) F
C) G
D) H
E) I

Question 71

Where is the palmar interossei?

A) F
B) G
C) H
D) I
E) J

Question 72

Where is the abductor digiti minimi?

A) B
B) C
C) E
D) F
E) G

Question 73

Where is the biceps femoris?

A) C
B) D
C) L
D) M
E) N

Question 74

Where is the semispinalis cervicis?

A) B
B) L
C) M
D) N
E) O

Question 75

Where is the splenius capitis?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) H
E) I

Question 76

Where is the iliacus?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) H
E) None of these choices

Question 77

Where is the Deep Transverse Perineal muscle?

A) L
B) M
C) N
D) O
E) P

Question 78

Where is the obturator internus?

A) B
B) G
C) H
D) I
E) J

Question 79

Where is the semispinalis capitis?

A) D
B) E
C) F
D) G
E) P

Question 80

Where is the opponens digiti minimi?

A) E
B) F
C) G
D) H
E) None of these choices