Deck 35: Biotechnology Careers

Question 1

How many genetic diseases can be identified using DNA testing?

A) 50
B) 60
C) 70
D) 80
E) 100

Answer 1

50

Question 2

Free-floating rings of DNA, called ____________________, from an organism such as Escherichia coli can be used to introduce new genetic information.

Answer 2

Plasmids

Question 3

Genetic information of humans is found in the nucleus of every cell in:

A) 12 pairs of chromosomes
B) 23 pairs of chromosomes
C) 46 pairs of chromosomes
D) 72 pairs of chromosomes

Answer 3

23 pairs of chromosomes

Question 4

Biotechnologists work in which field(s) of practice?

A) Research
B) Forensics
C) Immunology
D) Teaching
E) All of the above

Question 5

The international effort to identify and sequence all of the human chromosomes is called:

A) Eugenics
B) Gene splicing
C) Gene mapping
D) Genetic splicing
E) Genetic coding

Question 6

Technology has led to the development of ____________________ surgical instrumentation that can be used to visualize the surgery site from a distance.

Question 7

Agarose, a type of medium made of sugar molecules from seaweed, is used for:

A) Pharmacogenomics
B) Gene splicing
C) Electrophoresis
D) Cytology
E) Eugenics

Question 8

Geneticists study patterns of ____________________ and develop methods to influence genetic information.

Question 9

Safety guidelines for the transfer and manipulation of DNA have been established by the:

A) National Institutes of Health
B) American Medical Association
C) Health care industry
D) Insurance companies
E) Physicians

Question 10

Eugenics can be defined as:

A) The study of the manipulation of the genes of living organisms
B) The study of methods for controlling human characteristics
C) The study of artificial insemination
D) Pertaining to new origins
E) b and d

Question 11

DNA segments can be separated in a process called ____________________.

Question 12

The gene found on the DNA chain conveys its message by making:

A) Sulfate
B) Calcium
C) Sugar
D) Protein

Question 13

Immunologists have used the skills of biotechnology to produce ____________________ antibodies for the treatment of many disorders.

Question 14

____________________ is used to treat diseases such as heart disease, cystic fibrosis, infectious disease, and cancer.

Question 15

Assistants in biotechnology usually have a:

A) Bachelor's degree
B) Master's degree
C) 2-Year associate's degree
D) Doctorate
E) 2-Year associate's degree and on-the-job training

Question 16

According to the March of Dimes organization, how many live births involve a chromosomal abnormality?

A) 1 in 100
B) 1 in 200
C) 1 in 500
D) 1 in 1000

Question 17

Associates in biotechnology perform complex procedures of DNA ____________________ and cloning.

Question 18

Biotechnology refers to:

A) The study of the manipulation of the genes of living organisms
B) The study of methods for controlling human characteristics
C) The study of artificial insemination
D) Pertaining to new origins

Question 19

Biotechnologists face ____________________ concerns about the control of human characteristics and the safety of organisms produced by gene manipulation.

Question 20

The human genome contains an estimated:

A) 10,000 genes
B) 20,000 genes
C) 30,000 genes
D) 50,000 genes
E) 100,000 genes

Question 21

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What is a criticism of biotechnologists?

Question 22

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Describe the technique of electrophoresis and explain how it is used.

Question 23

Artificial insemination

Question 24

Why would families employ a geneticist before conceiving a child? What are some options a geneticist might offer?

Question 25

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain the concept of transgenic animals.

Question 26

Explain the controversies surrounding selective breeding.

Question 27

Explain the structure, function, and method of replication of DNA.

Question 28

To determine a genetic ____________________, the DNA must first be removed from the nucleus of the cell.

Question 29

Research the number of women who turn to artificial insemination to give birth.What is the success rate of artificial insemination? What costs are involved?

Question 30

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain the concept of gene therapy and its costs.

Question 31

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
How does nucleic acid relate to DNA?

Question 32

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Where is the genetic information of humans found?

Question 33

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What is pharmacogenomics?

Question 34

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain the process of gene splicing.

Question 35

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain the purpose of forensics.

Question 36

A nucleic acid is made of a ____________________ base that is attached to a sugar and phosphate.

Question 37

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?

Question 38

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain the ethical concerns of gene manipulation.

Question 39

Write a position paper in support of gene therapy.Include references to the ethical questions surrounding gene therapy.

Question 40

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and its importance.

Question 41

What are some advantages and ethical disadvantages to selective breeding?

Question 43

Select an event from the Biotechnology Timeline Highlights in Box 35-1 in the textbook and investigate further, using the Internet.What impact has this event had on our world today?

Question 44

How might the field of pharmacogenomics affect the future of health care?