Deck 22: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Question 1

A group of cells isolated in the laboratory have membrane-bound granules in their cytoplasm, and they show phagocytic activity.Which of the following cells is most similar?

A) Monocyte
B) Macrophage
C) Lymphocyte
D) Eosinophil

Answer 1

Eosinophil

Question 2

Which condition will cause a patient to secrete erythropoietin?

A) Low blood pressure
B) Hypercarbia
C) Inflammation
D) Hypoxia

Answer 2

Hypoxia

Question 3

While checking lab results, the nurse remembers that the normal leukocyte count is:

A) 1000-2000 per cubic millimeter.
B) 5000-10,000 per cubic millimeter.
C) 4.2-6.2 million per cubic millimeter.
D) 1.2-2.2 million per cubic millimeter.

Answer 3

5000-10,000 per cubic millimeter.

Question 4

During an infection, lymph nodes enlarge and become tender because:

A) lymphocytes are rapidly dividing.
B) edema accumulates within the fibrous capsule.
C) microorganisms are accumulating.
D) the nodes are not functioning properly.

Question 5

While reviewing lab results, the nurse recalls that the most abundant cells in the blood are:

A) leukocytes.
B) lymphocytes.
C) erythrocytes.
D) thrombocytes.

Question 6

Which electrolyte will the nurse check to ensure normal platelet functioning?

A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Magnesium
D) Calcium

Question 7

The greatest proportion of total body iron is located in the:

A) erythrocytes.
B) spleen pulp.
C) bone marrow.
D) liver tissue.

Question 8

The predominant phagocyte of early inflammation is the:

A) eosinophil.
B) lymphocyte.
C) macrophage.
D) neutrophil.

Question 9

Which of the following nutritional components will the nurse encourage a patient to consume as it is needed for erythropoiesis?

A) Vitamin B₁₂
B) Vitamin B₁
C) Vitamin D
D) Zinc

Question 10

Erythropoietin is produced in the:

A) liver.
B) bone marrow.
C) kidneys.
D) spleen.

Question 11

Which type of white blood cell contains preformed granules of vasoactive amines?

A) Neutrophil
B) Eosinophil
C) Monocyte
D) Basophil

Question 12

Which of the following assessment findings is most likely to occur following a splenectomy?

A) Leukocytosis
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Decreased red blood cell count
D) Decreased platelets

Question 13

After birth, red blood cells are normally made only in the:

A) liver.
B) spleen.
C) bone marrow.
D) kidney.

Question 14

In addition to playing a role in hemostasis, platelets have the ability to:

A) stimulate bone marrow production of erythrocytes.
B) release biochemical mediators of inflammation.
C) undergo cell division in response to bleeding.
D) activate a humoral response.

Question 15

An adult patient's blood sample is analyzed in a laboratory.Assuming a normal sample, which type of white blood cell accounts for the highest percentage?

A) Neutrophil
B) Eosinophil
C) Basophil
D) Lymphocyte

Question 16

While planning care for a newborn, the pediatric nurse recalls that the site of hematopoiesis in the fetus is the:

A) bone marrow.
B) kidney.
C) lymph nodes.
D) spleen.

Question 17

Which cytokines participate in hematopoiesis?

A) Stimulating factors (CSFs)
B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Neutrophils

Question 18

A nurse is discussing a cell that can differentiate into any tissue type.Which term is the nurse describing?

A) Hematopoietic
B) Pluripotent
C) Blastocyst
D) Progenitor

Question 19

An unstable type of hemoglobin that cannot bind with oxygen is termed:

A) deoxyhemoglobin.
B) oxyhemoglobin.
C) methemoglobin.
D) glycosylated hemoglobin.

Question 20

Monocytes are blood cells that mature (differentiate) into:

A) macrophages.
B) neutrophils.
C) eosinophils.
D) mast cells.

Question 21

When a staff member asks how erythrocytes can carry oxygen, the nurse should describe which of the following properties that allow erythrocytes to function as gas carriers? (Select all that apply.)

A) Biconcavity
B) Reversible deformability
C) Undergoes mitotic division
D) Presence of many mitochondria
E) Presence of a nucleus

Question 22

Fibrinolysis is mediated by:

A) heparin.
B) fibrinogen.
C) plasmin.
D) albumin.

Question 23

A nurse is caring for an elderly patient.Which of the following are true regarding the hematologic system and aging? (Select all that apply.)

A) Total serum iron is decreased.
B) Total iron-binding capacity is decreased.
C) Intestinal iron absorption is decreased.
D) Lymphocyte function is unchanged.
E) Platelet aggregation is unchanged.

Question 24

A nurse is caring for a patient who cannot clot.Which end product of the clotting cascade is this patient unable to make?

A) Collagen
B) Fibrinogen
C) Thrombin
D) Fibrin