Deck 12: Origins of Food Production and Settled Life

Question 1

Food production developed because of

A) climate change.
B) population pressure.
C) shortage of desired products.
D) all of the above

Answer 1

all of the above

Question 2

Settled life is called

A) sedentarism.
B) nomadism.
C) hunting.
D) wandering.

Answer 2

sedentarism.

Question 3

Animals were first domesticated in

A) Africa.
B) Mesoamerica.
C) Japan.
D) the Near East.

Answer 3

the Near East.

Question 4

Unlike the Natufians, there was _________evidence of social differences among the Archaic peoples of the Mesoamericas.

A) great
B) some
C) little
D) no

Question 5

Archaeologists study what ancient peoples ate by

A) studying ancient food wastes.
B) looking at charred remains of cooking fires.
C) examining coprolites.
D) all of the above

Question 6

Among archaic peoples of Mesoamerica, ___________ were located near seasonally abundant resources.

A) microbands
B) mesobands
C) macrobands
D) broadbands

Question 7

Earliest evidence of domesticated dogs comes from a site in northern Israel dated to about _______ years ago.

A) 50,000
B) 32,000
C) 20,000
D) 12,000

Question 8

Which is not put forth as a possible reason for broad-spectrum collecting?

A) climate change
B) overkill
C) population growth
D) average height of the population

Question 9

Cities first appeared in the Near East about

A) 5500 B.C.
B) 4500 B.C.
C) 3500 B.C.
D) 2000 A.D.

Question 10

The shift to food production is called the ____________by V. Gordon Childe.

A) Paleolithic Revolution
B) Neolithic Revolution
C) Cambrian Revolution
D) Mesolithic Revolution

Question 11

In Ali Kosh in southwestern Iran after about 5500 B.C., ______________ were two important innovations.

A) irrigation and the use of domesticated cattle
B) the steel plow and crop rotation
C) intercrop cultivation and fertilizer
D) growth of legumes and artificial fertilizer

Question 12

The first clear indication of a changeover to food production took place in the Near East about

A) 10,000 B.C.
B) 8,000 B.C.
C) 4,000 B.C.
D) 2,000 B.C.

Question 13

Archaeologists speak of domestication only when there is evidence that plants and animals show a ______ wild plants and animals.

A) similarity to
B) difference from
C) relationship with
D) none of the above

Question 14

Most archaeologists believe that the __________ was one of the earliest centers of plant and animal domestication.

A) Kansas plains
B) Sahara Desert
C) African savanna
D) Fertile Crescent

Question 15

The rise of food production led to

A) accelerated population growth.
B) declining health.
C) elaboration of material possessions.
D) all of the above

Question 16

Most of the evidence given for the hypothesis that sedentary people have larger populations than nomadic people comes from a study of the

A) archaeological evidence.
B) Antifoams.
C) !Kung.
D) Fulani.

Question 17

At present, archaeologists define the Neolithic in terms of the presence of

A) pottery and ground-stone tools.
B) domesticated plants and animals.
C) plows.
D) monogamous marriage.

Question 18

The ________ think that dogs domesticated themselves.

A) Goffmans
B) Geertzes
C) Embers
D) Childes

Question 19

Tools found at Natufian sites suggest they harvested _________ intensively.

A) wild cows
B) wild fruit
C) wild grain
D) domesticated grain

Question 20

Natufians were

A) sedentary.
B) nomadic.
C) horticulturalists.
D) pastoralists.

Question 21

We know there was a different pattern of domestication in Mesoamerica which consisted of

A) hunting and gathering lifestyle long after plants were domesticated.
B) simple agriculture and nothing else.
C) planting desirable plants that were not basic to subsistence.
D) both a and c are correct.

Question 22

Why are the Natufians important in the archaeological record?

Question 23

What factors account for the switch to broad-spectrum collecting?

Question 24

The increased use of stationary food sources during the Epipaleolithic explains in part why people in the Near East began to

A) hunt over wide ranges more than ever.
B) lead more sedentary lives.
C) have a breakdown in family life.
D) become nomadic.

Question 25

The population of the world seems to have increased dramatically as a result of

A) people settling down.
B) people eating more meat.
C) people moving around from site to site.
D) people moving inland away from the water.

Question 26

The evidence available shows that the Archaic people of Highland Mesoamerica were different that the Natufians in that

A) there were no social differences in Highland Mesoamerica.
B) their society was highly stratified.
C) their children were raised in social classes which they stayed in for life.
D) none of the above.

Question 27

The Natufians had tools, like sickles, which allowed them

A) to have poor harvests with no annual surplus.
B) to harvest wild grain intensively.
C) to build very large ocean-going ships.
D) to build communal houses in the desert.

Question 28

What is the relationship between broad-spectrum collecting and sedentarism?

Question 29

The sequence of food acquisition was

A) collecting to hunting to agriculture.
B) agriculture to collecting to hunting.
C) hunting to collecting to agriculture.
D) collecting to agriculture to hunting.

Question 30

Discuss the various hypotheses concerning the origin of food production.

Question 31

Domestication in Africa is dated to around

A) 12000 B.C.
B) 6000 B.C.
C) 300 B.C.
D) 1000 A.D.

Question 32

A consequence of the rise in food production include

A) declining health.
B) a smaller population growth.
C) more equality socioeconomically.
D) all the above.

Question 33

Evidence of increased long-distance trade comes from villages established

A) in Paleolithic times.
B) in Mesolithic times.
C) after the rise of food production.
D) long before the rise of food production.

Question 34

Dogs were the first animals domesticated, about 15,000 years ago. Why?

A) perhaps hunting shifted from large to small prey and dogs were useful tracking game
B) perhaps they could retrieve killed game from bodies of water
C) perhaps they could serve as alarm-givers if predators came close
D) all of the above

Question 35

As humans began to domesticate plants, these plants became different than the wild varieties. Why?

A) because they had better quality water from which to grow
B) because the wild varieties were controlled more easily
C) because the process of artificial or human selection
D) actually, there were no differences

Question 36

How do archaeologists discover what food ancient peoples ate and why is it important
to do so?

Question 37

A theory to explain why food production eventually developed is

A) that a drastic change in climate caused domestication in the Near East.
B) that culture had to evolve enough to handle it.
C) that people were simply not ready earlier to achieve domestication.
D) all of the above.

Question 38

How did broad-spectrum collecting differ in Europe from Mesoamerica?

Question 39

Evidence of textile making and painted pottery comes from villages established

A) in Paleolithic times.
B) in Mesolithic times.
C) after the rise of food production.
D) long before the rise of food production.

Question 40

Toward the end of the Upper Paleolithic period, people got most of their food from

A) farming.
B) hunting.
C) animal herding.
D) gathering.

Question 41

Discuss the relationship between early agricultural and health.

Question 42

Discuss how archaeologists know that they have discovered sites that show evidence of a switch to food production and why that is important.

Question 43

Chapter 12 discusses movements that led to great changes in human culture all over
the inhabited world. Did culture lead to these technological and adaptive changes or did the changes lead to changes in culture?

Question 44

List and discuss the consequences of the rise of food production.