Deck 43: Drugs for Nutritional Disorders

Question 1

The client has preeclampsia and might require magnesium sulfate therapy. Which assessment is a critical assessment parameter by the nurse? Which assessment does the nurse prioritize?

A) Fetal heart sounds
B) Deep tendon reflexes
C) Peripheral edema
D) Breath sounds

Answer 1

Deep tendon reflexes

Question 2

The client receives topical vitamin A for the treatment of psoriasis. Which laboratory test will the nurse review when assessing for an adverse effect?

A) Serum calcium level
B) Hemoglobin level
C) Thyroid profile
D) Serum potassium level

Answer 2

Serum calcium level

Question 3

The client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). What does the best plan by the nurse include to prevent complications from total parenteral nutrition?

A) Assess the client's potassium levels.
B) Assess the client's blood glucose levels.
C) Assess the client's mental status.
D) Assess the client's blood pressure.

Answer 3

Assess the client's blood glucose levels.

Question 4

An important function of vitamin A is to

A) promote visual pigment of the eye.
B) act as an antioxidant.
C) help with the clotting of blood.
D) help with bile excretion.

Question 5

The nurse is aware that efficient absorption of calcium is assisted by

A) intrinsic factor.
B) coenzymes.
C) phosphorus.
D) vitamin D.

Question 6

Which clinical conditions would the nurse most likely associate with a client who has a documented history of alcoholism?

A) Carbohydrate deficiency
B) Thiamine deficiency
C) Scurvy
D) Vitamin A deficiency
E) Pellagra

Question 7

The nurse teaches young females in college about the importance of vitamins for anyone planning on becoming pregnant. Which vitamin does the nurse include as being most essential in the prevention of neural tube defects in a fetus?

A) Thiamine
B) Niacin
C) Riboflavin
D) Folic acid

Question 8

The nurse teaches older adults at a community center about the effectiveness of vitamin C in preventing the common cold. The nurse evaluates that learning has occurred when an older adult makes which statement?

A) "Vitamin C, in the form of orange juice, is the most effective aid in preventing the common cold."
B) "There is no proof that vitamin C prevents the common cold."
C) "Vitamin C is only effective in preventing the common cold if 2 grams/day are taken."
D) "Vitamin C must be taken prior to the onset of the cold to be most effective."

Question 9

The client is receiving enteral nutrition. He reads on the bag hanging at his bedside that the liquid is a polymeric formulation. He asks the nurse what this means. What is the best response by the nurse?

A) "It means that your formulation requires little or no digestion."
B) "It means that your formulation is meant for patients who are generally undernourished but whose gastrointestinal tract is still working."
C) "It means that your formulation is lactose free and low fat."
D) "It means that your formulation contains a single nutrient, protein, lipid, or carbohydrate."

Question 10

A pregnant client asks the nurse if she can take vitamin supplements in addition to her prenatal vitamins. What is the best response by the nurse?

A) "As long as you meet the recommended daily allowance (RDA) requirements, there will be no problem."
B) "The prenatal vitamins supply all the vitamins you need during your pregnancy."
C) "This is dangerous; we need to do an ultrasound of your baby."
D) "Bring in your vitamins on the next visit so we can include them in your chart."

Question 11

Deficiencies in cyanocobalamin (B₁₂) can result in

A) pellagra.
B) pernicious anemia.
C) rickets.
D) scurvy.

Question 12

The nurse assesses which client as being at greatest risk for developing vitamin deficiencies?

A) The young male client who takes phenytoin (Dilantin) for new-onset epilepsy
B) The young female client who uses oral contraceptives for birth control
C) The young male client who eats a well-balanced diet and does not take vitamins
D) The young pregnant female client who is taking prenatal vitamins

Question 13

Vitamin C is necessary for the

A) maintenance of vision.
B) regulation of digestion.
C) development of bones and teeth.
D) manufacture of platelets.

Question 14

The nurse teaches new mothers about the reason their infants receive vitamin K. The nurse evaluates instruction as being effective when the mother makes which statement?

A) "Babies do not need an injection of vitamin K unless bleeding is observed."
B) "Babies will be able to get enough vitamin K through breast milk."
C) "Babies do not have enough intestinal bacteria to synthesize vitamin K."
D) "Babies could receive vitamin K through a liquid or an injection."

Question 15

Vitamins are organic substances needed in

A) large amounts to decrease cell size.
B) large amounts to promote health.
C) small amounts to promote growth.
D) small amounts to increase cell size.

Question 16

Which vitamin can be toxic if consumed in large amounts?

A) Niacin
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin A
D) Folic acid

Question 17

The physician prescribes multivitamins for the client. The client asks the nurse why she needs vitamins. What will the best teaching plan by the nurse include?

A) Small amounts of vitamins are needed for health.
B) Vitamins will heal many illnesses.
C) Vitamins are inorganic compounds that are not stored in the body.
D) Your body cannot synthesize most vitamins.
E) Vitamins are needed for growth and maintenance of normal metabolic processes.

Question 18

The client is a vegetarian. What information would the nurse give the client as it relates to the avoidance of vitamin deficiencies?

A) A vegetarian diet is adequate to meet all of your needs, so there should be no vitamin deficiencies.
B) Look at the types of foods eaten on the vegetarian diet and evaluate for possible vitamin B₁₂ sources.
C) Increasing fluids and fiber with the vegetarian diet will help prevent vitamin deficiencies.
D) You are at risk for vitamin C deficiencies by following a vegetarian diet.

Question 19

The nurse is planning care for a client who receives total parenteral nutrition. What will the best plan by the nurse include?

A) Check the feeding tube for residual prior to initiating feedings.
B) Remove the solution from the refrigerator 30 minutes prior to hanging.
C) Withhold oral medications while the total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is hanging.
D) Maintain a dedicated percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube for the solution.

Question 20

The client has been consuming very high amounts of vitamin A. He asks the nurse why this is a problem since it is just a vitamin. What is the best response by the nurse?

A) "Water-soluble vitamins like vitamin A are readily excreted in your urine."
B) "It really isn't a problem; your body will just get rid of the excess vitamins."
C) "It's okay to take what you want; just cut back if you experience side effects."
D) "Fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin A are stored in your body and too much can be toxic."

Question 21

A nurse is assessing a patient's height, weight, and body mass index. The nurse classifies the patient as obese if the body mass index exceeds ______ kg/m².

Question 22

A patient who has been prescribed orlistat (Alli) for control of obesity has ordered dry toast, jelly, and orange juice for breakfast. What adjustment should the nurse make, if any, in the dose of orlistat?

A) Reduce the dose by half
B) Hold the pre-breakfast dose
C) Double the pre-breakfast dose
D) Give the normal dose

Question 23

A client is prescribed total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which education should the nurse provide?

A) "You will not be able to return home until the TPN is discontinued."
B) "Once you go home, you will come in twice a week for TPN."
C) "Since this is going to be a long-term treatment, your TPN will be given through a central line."
D) "Your TPN will be infused via an infusion pump."
E) "All of your nutrition can be supplied by TPN."

Question 24

A nurse is providing administration instruction to the wife of a client going home on intermittent enteral nutrition. Which information should the nurse include?

A) "Clean the equipment between each feeding administration."
B) "Once mixed, enteral feeding should hang no more than 8 hours."
C) "Refrigerate any feeding that is not needed for a feeding."
D) "You may use plain tap water for scheduled tubing flushes."
E) "Keep the area around the insertion site clean."

Question 25

The nurse works in an obesity clinic and is screening patients for use of anorexiant medications. The nurse would evaluate that which patients could potentially be prescribed one of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)

A) A patient who has a BMI of 26.
B) A patient who has a BMI of 30.
C) A patient who has a BMI of 28 and has hypertension.
D) A patient who has a BMI of 27 and has osteoarthritis.
E) A patient who has a BMI of 25 and has diabetes.

Question 26

A client is to receive enteral nutrition. Which information should the nurse provide to the client and family?

A) "Nutrition can be given either intermittently or continuously."
B) "Your nutrition will be administered through your veins."
C) "Enteral feedings are chosen when you cannot swallow enough to maintain nutrition."
D) "Most enteral feeding consists of thinned pureed food."
E) "Enteral feedings are milk based."

Question 27

A patient who is obese says, "I have been taking orlistat (alli) that I buy over-the-counter at my drugstore. The nurse would review the patient's medical record for use of which medication?

A) Aspirin
B) Warfarin (Coumadin)
C) Vitamin C
D) Ibuprofen

Question 28

A nurse is concerned that a client is not eating a sufficient amount. Which assessment findings would support this concern?

A) The client complains of weakness.
B) The client's muscles appear wasted.
C) The client doesn't remember what day it is.
D) The client's subcutaneous fat layer is thinner.
E) The client's skin is oily.

Question 29

A woman calls the emergency department and says, "My 2-year-old just swallowed about 20 of my magnesium tablets." What direction should the nurse provide?

A) "Call 911 to bring your child to the emergency room immediately."
B) "Watch your child for decreased breathing."
C) "Give your child a glass of milk."
D) "Your child may be sleepy but will not have any permanent damage."
E) "Give your child a laxative tonight and come to the emergency room in the morning."

Question 30

A client who weighs 245 pounds and has a BMI of 32 kg/m² has been prescribed diethylpropion (Tenuate). The nurse states the drug will be discontinued if the client weighs more than ____ pounds at the end of the first month of treatment.
Standard Text: Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number.