Deck 14: The War of the Union, 1861-1865

Question 1

Part of the success of the Confederacy during the Civil War was due to

A)the ability to fight a defensive war the vast majority of the time.
B)the North's reluctance to be too successful lest England and France were to become involved.
C)the North's geographic vulnerabilities to invasion.
D)the lack of bridges and roads in the South.
E)the inability of the North to find a competent commander.

Answer 1

the ability to fight a defensive war the vast majority of the time.

Question 2

Lincoln replaced McClellan as Union commander because McClellan was overly aggressive.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

General Grant's strategy was to relentlessly attack the Confederates, grind down their numbers, and reduce their will to fight.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Four additional states joined the original seven states of the Confederacy after the fighting broke out.

Question 5

Copperheads were members of the extreme fringe of the peace wing of the Democratic party.

Question 6

The First Battle of Bull Run was a Union defeat.

Question 7

The North's victory in the Civil War was guaranteed because the South enjoyed no significant advantages over the Union.

Question 8

The Battle of Antietam marked the bloodiest single day of the Civil War.

Question 9

The paper money known as greenbacks issued by the U.S.Treasury during the war was not backed by gold or silver.

Question 10

What was one area in which the South had an advantage over the North during the Civil War?

A)The amount of foundries
B)The amount of railroad tracks
C)The number of factories
D)The experience of the military leadership
E)The availability of international shipping

Question 11

Robert E.Lee's gamble to invade northern territory and fight at Gettysburg was a complete and utter failure for Confederate forces.

Question 12

Robert E.Lee believed that the South lost the Civil War because the North simply had superior resources.

Question 13

For many American women, the Civil War provided new opportunities that marked a significant change in their status.

Question 14

Southerners during the Civil War liked to compare themselves to

A)Caesar's army at Thermopylae.
B)those fighting the British during the American Revolution.
C)Napoleon's forces at the Battle of Waterloo.
D)Andrew Jackson's defeat of the British at the Battle of New Orleans.
E)Patton's victory over the Germans in the Franco-Prussian War.

Question 15

Union forces suffered defeat at Shiloh because of Grant's heavy drinking.

Question 16

One reason the Civil War could be described as a "modern war" is because of the improved weapons technology that was available.

Question 17

With the absence of Southern congressmen during the war, Republicans blocked the National Banking Act of 1863.

Question 18

The Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves in the Confederacy and the four border states that never seceded.

Question 19

Why did the North enact a blockade on the Confederacy during the Civil War?

A)To persuade them to rejoin the Union
B)To deny them the imports they needed to survive
C)To stop the shipment of cotton to France to get them to join the war
D)To attack Washington, D.C.undetected
E)To divert the goods shipped overseas to internal markets

Question 20

Why did the North enjoy a numerical advantage over the army of the South?

A)The cause behind the war was far more popular and motivating in the North.
B)Northerners forced slaves to fight on their behalf.
C)The North had more states, and these states had a higher population.
D)The North was more successful recruiting from other nations.
E)The North allowed the wealthy to hire people to go to fight in their place.

Question 21

Which of the following statements about the Emancipation Proclamation is accurate?

A)It abolished slavery in the Union.
B)It abolished slavery in the United States of America.
C)It abolished slavery in the border states of Missouri and Kentucky.
D)It abolished slavery in the Confederate-controlled South.
E)It was never ratified by Congress.

Question 22

As southern states began to secede in 1860, the U.S.Congress focused on __________ to finance a potential war.

A)generous donations from wealthy businessmen
B)confiscating private property
C)creating a personal income tax
D)obtaining loans from Great Britain
E)taxes, paper money, and government bonds

Question 23

The most intense fighting west of the Mississippi River occurred

A)in Texas.
B)along the Kansas-Missouri border.
C)in the Kansas-Nebraska territory.
D)in California.
E)along the New Mexico-Mexico border.

Question 24

Slaves who ran away to Union army troops were

A)returned to their masters.
B)killed.
C)considered "contrabands of war."
D)armed and forced to fight against the Rebels.
E)given their freedom.

Question 25

What was a result of the Battle of Antietam?

A)Lincoln dismissed Gen.George McClellan.
B)The South would never again invade the North.
C)McClellan was made Commander in Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic.
D)Lee was replaced as commander of the Union forces.
E)Missouri seceded from the Union.

Question 26

As a result of the Civil War, vacancies in traditional male jobs were often filled by

A)immigrants.
B)women.
C)slaves.
D)indentured servants.
E)children.

Question 27

In the South, a man could get out of being drafted by

A)being a conscientious objector.
B)declaring himself an invalid.
C)claiming to need to take care of a child.
D)hiring someone to take his place.
E)sending a slave to fight in his stead.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about the role of African Americans in the Union military is accurate?

A)For nearly all of the war, African Americans could not join because of the Militia Act.
B)Lincoln strongly encouraged the participation of freed slaves as soldiers.
C)African Americans still experienced widespread racism in the Union military.
D)While they could join the army, African Americans could not join the Union navy.
E)The Union army recruited African Americans long before the Emancipation Proclamation.

Question 29

By the end of 1862, many northern Democrats were calling for __________ because of a lack of progress by Union armies.

A)a replacement for Grant
B)impeachment of Lincoln
C)more funds for the military
D)a negotiated peace
E)a complete military pullout

Question 30

Why did Lincoln choose to abolish slavery in 1862?

A)Union successes had made it politically viable.
B)Union defeats crushed morale and he wanted to use the issue to rebuild it.
C)He wanted to break up the slaves loyalties to their masters to advance the Union's cause.
D)He did so to prevent Germany from recognizing the Confederacy and joining the war.
E)He did so that he could win reelection.

Question 31

Most of the more than three million soldiers, Union and Confederate, were

A)volunteers.
B)draftees.
C)immigrants.
D)planters' sons.
E)more than 30 years old.

Question 32

__________ claimed that the Civil War advanced by 50 years the progress of women in gaining social and economic equality.

A)Ethel Rosenbaum
B)Clara Barton
C)Abraham Lincoln
D)Mary Todd Lincoln
E)Frederick Douglass

Question 33

Who was the only woman to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor for her service in the Civil War?

A)Dorothea Dix
B)Cady Stanton
C)Elizabeth B.Anthony
D)Mary Edwards Walker
E)Clara Barton

Question 34

By the middle of the Civil War, riots occurred in __________ because white laborers feared freed slaves would migrate north and take their jobs.

A)New England
B)Chicago
C)New York
D)Michigan
E)Indiana

Question 35

Why was the battle of Shiloh significant?

A)It ended with the least casualties of any Civil War battle and demonstrated advancements in artillery.
B)It was a highly strategic battle, putting an end to a series of battles won through lucky accidents.
C)Grant realized that the only way that the Civil War would come to an end would be through "complete conquest."
D)It was the last battle of the Civil War, resulting in a decisive Union victory and the Confederacy's surrender.
E)It was one of the few battles to take place in the North and caused some Union land to be lost to the Confederacy.

Question 36

Because of __________, the South enacted a draft much earlier than the North during the Civil War.

A)a smaller male population
B)the higher percentage of slaves
C)a higher casualty rate during the early days of the war
D)a lack of able-bodied volunteers
E)so many early battle defeats

Question 37

What percentage of the Northern forces was foreign born during the Civil War?

A)10 percent
B)25 percent
C)50 percent
D)75 percent
E)95 percent

Question 38

In 1863, the __________ was created to recruit African Americans to the Union Army.

A)Bureau of Colored Troops
B)Freedmen's Bureau
C)U.S.War Department
D)Morrill Enlistment Act
E)Douglass Brigade

Question 39

What did the Pacific Railway Act, Homestead Act, Morrill Land Grant College Act, and National Banking Act all have in common?

A)A Democrat-dominated Congress enacted them without Lincoln's support.
B)Congress drafted this legislation only after the Union had won the war and reorganized the government.
C)They reflected the belief of Republicans that an activist federal government could promote economic development.
D)They contributed to the deterioration of the national economy and the smaller role of the federal government.
E)They helped cause United States manufacturers to be the least protected in the world in terms of foreign imports.

Question 40

Which of the following was a goal of the Confederacy in the Civil War?

A)To receive support from England
B)To receive support from Mexico
C)To drag the fighting out indefinitely
D)To employ slaves as soldiers, if necessary
E)To reconstruct the Union after victory was secured

Question 41

In the presidential election of 1864, Radical Republicans tried to

A)recruit a southerner to the ticket.
B)prevent Lincoln's nomination to a second term.
C)insert a pro-slavery plank into the platform.
D)split off and form a third party.
E)insert an anti-war plank into the platform.

Question 42

Which of the following were occupations that opened up for women because of the Civil War?

A)Nurses, managers, and ministers
B)Attorneys and physicians
C)Engineers, accountants, and bankers
D)Editors and reporters
E)Telegraph operators and teachers

Question 43

Which of the following were new industries developing after the Civil War?

A)Railroads and canal construction
B)Textiles and cigarettes
C)Whaling and shipbuilding
D)Sawmills and flour mills
E)Steel and petroleum

Question 44

Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

A)Twelfth Amendment
B)Thirteenth Amendment
C)Fourteenth Amendment
D)Fifteenth Amendment
E)Sixteenth Amendment

Question 45

Because of the economic distress of the Confederacy,

A)rapid inflation occurred.
B)the Confederate Congress taxed far less.
C)the Confederacy was forced to surrender prematurely.
D)rapid deflation occurred.
E)the prices of goods plummeted.

Question 46

What was Grant's goal in capturing Petersburg?

A)To capture the Confederate capitol
B)To destroy the munitions plant there
C)To capture the railroad hub located there
D)To free the prisoners of war held there
E)To draw Lee away from Sherman's march to the sea

Question 47

What were the advantages of the North and the South at the beginning of the Civil War? How did they affect the military strategies and the ultimate outcome of the conflict?

Question 48

For revenge against the first state to secede, Union troops marched through South Carolina in early 1865 and

A)destroyed the entire cotton crop.
B)burned all cotton gins and textile mills.
C)captured and imprisoned all men under 35.
D)burned more than a dozen towns.
E)court-martialed and shot anyone in uniform.

Question 49

What did the Confederacy do by 1863 because it was desperate for money by 1863?

A)It declared itself insolvent.
B)It tried to tax nearly everything.
C)It asked the Union for a loan.
D)It tried to sell New Mexico to Mexico for $20 million.
E)It printed $100 million in paper money to be circulated.

Question 50

As a result of the Civil War the political balance in the United States

A)shifted from North to South.
B)shifted from South to North.
C)became frozen in a politically destructive atmosphere.
D)shifted from East to West.
E)shifted from West to East.

Question 51

Which of the following statements about Copperhead Democrats is accurate?

A)They were Democrats in southern states who supported the Union.
B)They included major politicians such as Abraham Lincoln.
C)They were influential members of Congress who formally declared war in the South.
D)They lived in the North and openly sympathized with the Confederacy.
E)They led the initiative to enact the Habeas Corpus Act of 1863.

Question 52

In late 1864, Gen.Sherman took 60,000 troops on a __________ through Georgia in order to wage a "modern" war against Confederate soldiers and civilians.

A)"triumphant march"
B)"scorched-earth expedition"
C)"march to the sea"
D)"foray into the wilderness"
E)"seek-and-destroy mission"

Question 53

As the Civil War dragged on, Confederate President Jefferson Davis faced criticism because of

A)food shortages and high prices.
B)his indecisiveness.
C)his lack of military experience.
D)his emphasis on states' rights and disregard for the Confederate government.
E)the secretiveness of his administration.

Question 54

After the defeat at __________ the South had lost the war in the West.

A)Bull Run
B)Shiloh
C)Antietam
D)Chattanooga
E)Saratoga

Question 55

Which of the following was the reason Robert E.Lee gave for the South's defeat?

A)The North's overwhelming numbers and resources
B)Ineffective southern leadership at the end of the war.
C)An inexperienced president
D)Lack of transportation in the South
E)A Confederate congress that tried to conduct the war "on the cheap"

Question 56

Which of the following statements about the Battle of Gettysburg is accurate?

A)It was ultimately a draw.
B)It was a terrible loss for the North.
C)It was a stimulating victory for the South.
D)It was the last time the Confederacy would invade the North.
E)It ended when the Confederacy laid siege to Washington, D.C.

Question 57

Officially, the Civil War came to an end at

A)Chattanooga.
B)Richmond.
C)Palmito Ranch.
D)Appomattox Court House.
E)Washington, D.C.

Question 58

By the end of the Civil War, the North had become a modern industrial region, whereas the South's economy was

A)stagnant.
B)not as good, but fair considering the circumstances.
C)just beginning to recover.
D)becoming a modern agricultural region.
E)cut in half.

Question 59

The greatest killer in the Civil War was

A)the Union.
B)the Confederates.
C)disease.
D)the bayonet.
E)the cannon.

Question 60

The defeat of the Confederate forces at __________ effectively broke the Confederacy in two.

A)Chancellorsville
B)Vicksburg
C)Chattanooga
D)Atlanta
E)Gettysburg

Question 61

Explain how the Civil War changed both northern and southern society.Discuss social, political, and economic issues.

Question 62

Why did President Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation? What were the social and political effects of the document?

Question 63

In what ways can the Civil War be considered the first "modern" war?

Question 64

Discuss the role black soldiers played in the Civil War.How widespread was their use, and how were they received by their fellow soldiers?