Question 1

Since urine contains dissolved solutes, it has specific gravity than(as)water.&#10;A)a higher&#10;B)a lower&#10;C)the same

Accepted Answer

Urine contains dissolved solutes such as salts and urea, which increase its density compared to pure water, resulting in a higher specific gravity.

Question 2

Hyaline casts are formed when .&#10;A)salt concentration in filtrate is low&#10;B)filtrate pH is low&#10;C)filtrate flow is rapid

Accepted Answer

Hyaline casts are formed when the filtrate pH is low, which promotes the precipitation of Tamm-Horsfall protein, leading to the formation of these casts in the renal tubules.

Question 3

always indicate(s)kidney pathology, whereas may be present normally in small amounts.&#10;A)Epithelial cells; calcium oxalate crystals&#10;B)Casts; crystals&#10;C)Trace amounts of RBCs; calcium carbonate crystals

Accepted Answer

Casts in the urine always indicate some level of kidney pathology, whereas crystals can be present in the urine of healthy individuals without indicating any disease.

Question 4

Freshly voided urine .&#10;A)smells fruity (like acetone)&#10;B)has a strong, pungent smell&#10;C)has an ammonia- like odor&#10;D)smells slightly aromatic

Accepted Answer

Freshly voided urine typically smells slightly aromatic. The presence of a strong, pungent smell, an ammonia-like odor, or a fruity (like acetone) smell can indicate a medical condition or dietary influence.

Question 5

Ketonuria usually indicates abnormal metabolic processes that may be due to .&#10;A)hepatitis or other liver pathologies&#10;B)obesity and gross overeating&#10;C)diets very low in carbohydrates&#10;D)a transfusion reaction

Accepted Answer

Ketonuria is the presence of ketone bodies in the urine, which often occurs when the body is breaking down fat for energy due to low carbohydrate intake, as seen in diets very low in carbohydrates.

Question 6

The urine sample that you are testing has an abnormally low pH. Its pH was .&#10;A)6)5&#10;B)4)5&#10;C)3)5&#10;D)5)5

Accepted Answer

The normal pH of urine is between 4.6 and 8.0. A pH below 4.6 is considered abnormally low.

Question 7

indicates the presence of white blood cells or other pus constituents in the urine.&#10;A)Pyuria&#10;B)Ketonuria&#10;C)Hematuria&#10;D)Albuminuria

Accepted Answer

Pyuria is the term used to describe the presence of white blood cells or pus in the urine, indicating a possible urinary tract infection or other inflammatory conditions.

Question 8

Which of the following is present in normal urine?&#10;A)urobilinogen&#10;B)bilirubin&#10;C)nitrites&#10;D)albumin

Accepted Answer

Urobilinogen is normally present in urine as it is a product of the breakdown of bilirubin by intestinal bacteria, which is then absorbed into the bloodstream and eventually excreted by the kidneys. Bilirubin, nitrites, and albumin are not normally found in urine; their presence can indicate liver dysfunction, bacterial infection, and kidney problems, respectively.

Question 9

Pathological conditions that cause albuminuria include .&#10;A)poisoning&#10;B)eating too much protein&#10;C)hemolytic anemia&#10;D)tumors of the urinary tract

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pathological conditions that cause albuminuria include .&#10;A)poisoning&#10;B)eating...

Question 10

Kidney stones are also known as renal .&#10;A)crystals&#10;B)casts&#10;C)calculi&#10;D)epithelial cells

Accepted Answer

Kidney stones are medically referred to as renal calculi. They are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside the kidneys.

Question 11

Glycosuria is characteristic of .&#10;A)infection of the urinary tract&#10;B)excessive exertion&#10;C)uncontrolled diabetes mellitus&#10;D)starvation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glycosuria is characteristic of .&#10;A)infection of the...

Question 12

Which of the following may cause hemoglobin to appear in the urine?&#10;A)bleeding in the urinary tract&#10;B)hemolytic anemias&#10;C)mosquito bites&#10;D)sun burns

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following may cause hemoglobin...

Question 13

Normal constituents of urine do not include .&#10;A)sodium&#10;B)urea&#10;C)potassium&#10;D)glucose

Accepted Answer

The answer of Normal constituents of urine do not include...

Deck 41: Urinalysis