Deck 30: Anatomy of the Heart

Question 1

Blood vessels are color- coded on models and in pictures; red ones carry oxygen-rich blood, and blue ones carry oxygen- poor blood. In the systemic circuit, the red vessels are _.

A)capillaries
B)veins
C)arteries

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The shapes and the thickness of the walls of the right ventricle compared to the left are .

A)different: L ventricle is egg- shaped (round in cross section)with thicker walls
B)different: R ventricle is egg- shaped (round in cross section)with thinner walls
C)identical
D)different: L ventricle is pocket- shaped (crescent in cross section)with thicker walls

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The portion of the pericardium that covers the heart wall is called the .

A)fibrous pericardium
B)visceral layer (epicardium)
C)parietal layer of the serous pericardium

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Select the sequence that correctly describes blood flow through the heart.

A)right atrium to left atrium
B)right atrium to right ventricle to body
C)left atrium to left ventricle to body
D)right ventricle to left ventricle

Question 5

Cardiac muscle tissue .

A)has spindle- shaped cells, like smooth muscle tissue
B)is striated, like skeletal muscle tissue
C)is found in the heart and major blood vessels
D)is under the control of the voluntary (conscious)nervous system

Question 6

What is true about heart valves?

A)They enforce a one- way blood flow through the heart.
B)They operate passively (no active contraction required).
C)They enforce a one- way blood flow through the heart, operate passively (no active contraction required), and separate atria from ventricles, and ventricles from the large arteries that leave them.
D)They separate atria from ventricles, and ventricles from the large arteries that leave them.

Question 7

How many heart valves are there?

A)4
B)2
C)6
D)8

Question 8

The heart is located in a subdivision of the thorax called the .

A)mediastinum
B)epigastric cavity
C)pleural cavity
D)pericardial cavity

Question 9

Which artery supplies the anterior ventricular walls and laterodorsal part of the left side of the heart?

A)posterior interventricular artery
B)right coronary artery
C)left coronary artery
D)right marginal artery

Question 10

is/are found in the ventricles, and attach the flaps of the AV valves to papillary muscle.

A)Moderator band
B)Chordae tendineae
C)Trabeculae carneae
D)Pectinate muscles

Question 11

The atrioventricular (AV)heart valves open and close .

A)as the circular muscles surrounding them operate
B)passively, depending on the pressure of the blood in the atria and ventricles
C)entirely differently from the mechanism used to operate the semilunar valves.
D)as papillary muscles and chordae tentinae pull them

Question 12

Which side of the heart receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs?

A)left
B)right
C)both ventricles
D)both atria

Question 13

What is the name of the circuit that supplies blood to the brain, heart, and gastrointestinal tract?

A)systemic circulation
B)cardiac circulation
C)pulmonary circulation
D)cephalothoracic circulation

Question 14

Which of the veins listed here drains directly into the right atrium?

A)middle cardiac vein
B)great cardiac vein
C)small cardiac vein
D)anterior cardiac vein

Question 15

The pulmonary trunk and arteries are color- coded _ on models and in pictures, because they carry blood.

A)red, oxygen- poor
B)red, oxygen- rich
C)blue, oxygen- rich
D)blue, oxygen- poor

Question 16

The heart is called a double pump because .

A)blood is sent from one pump that imparts a small pressure directly into a second pump that imparts higher pressure.
B)every chamber has a strong pumping action
C)it is two separate side- by- side pumps serving different circulations
D)blood flows into the receiving chambers, which pump it to the muscular chambers that pump it again for distribution

Question 17

The largest artery in the body, the aorta, leaves the heart from the .

A)left ventricle
B)right atrium
C)left atrium
D)right ventricle

Question 18

In the coronary circulation, oxygen- rich blood is provided to the heart muscle by the .

A)coronary sinus
B)right and left coronary arteries
C)great middle and small cardiac veins

Question 19

What is true of the mitral and tricuspid heart valves?

A)They are both on the right side of the heart.
B)They lie between the atria and the ventricular chambers on each side of the heart.
C)They lie between ventricles and the large arteries that leave the ventricles on each side of the heart.
D)They are both on the left side of the heart.

Question 20

The intercalated discs in cardiac muscle tissue _ .

A)are responsible for the banding pattern, or striations, of the tissue
B)are responsible for the banding pattern, or striations, of the tissue, mark the junction between two cardiac cells, and attach cardiac muscle cells to the fibrous skeleton of the heart
C)mark the junction between two cardiac cells
D)attach cardiac muscle cells to the fibrous skeleton of the heart

Question 21

The pericardial sac that encloses the heart is a two- layered structure. The outer layer is the .

A)serous pericardium
B)epicardium
C)fibrous pericardium

Question 22

The major pumping chambers of the heart are .

A)the right atrium and ventricle
B)the left atrium and ventricle
C)both ventricles
D)both atria

Question 23

Blood arriving in the right atrium has just come from the _ .

A)venae cavae and coronary sinus
B)right ventricle
C)aorta
D)left atrium

Question 24

Blood has just been discharged into the pulmonary trunk: from which chamber did it exit?

A)the right atrium
B)the left atrium
C)the left ventricle
D)the right ventricle

Question 25

How many chambers make up the human heart?

A)4
B)5
C)2
D)3

Question 26

This structure is a remnant of a fetal vessel that connected the pulmonary trunk and the aorta.

A)ductus arteriosus
B)ligamentum arteriosum
C)foramen ovale
D)fossa ovalis

Question 27

These vessels carry oxygen- rich blood.

A)venae cavae and pulmonary veins
B)venae cavae and pulmonary artery
C)aorta and pulmonary veins
D)aorta and pulmonary trunk