Deck 21: The Diversity of Protists

Question 1

A flagellated protist lives inside the guts of termites and enables the termites to digest the cellulose in wood as a food source. This protist belongs to the

A) ciliates.
B) Archaea.
C) apicomplexans.
D) amoebas.
E) parabasalids.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Protist photosynthesis relies on

A) eyespots.
B) silica.
C) pseudoplasmodia.
D) chloroplasts.
E) pseudopods.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Protists that lack mitochondria are

A) amoebas.
B) euglenozoans.
C) ciliates.
D) excavates.
E) apicomplexans.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

_________are photosynthetic protists.

A) Parasites
B) Plants
C) Prokaryotes
D) Fungi
E) Algae

Question 5

Which group of protists includes photosynthetic, individual cells that lack a rigid cell wall and move via a flagellum?

A) Slime molds
B) Water molds
C) Euglenids
D) Diatoms
E) Amoebas

Question 6

Which group of protists includes photosynthetic, unicellular, freshwater organisms that possess eyespots?

A) Brown algae
B) Apicomplexans
C) Euglenids
D) Alveolates
E) Amoebas

Question 7

Secondary endosymbiosis can occur when a

A) nonphotosynthetic protist engulfs a photosynthetic protist.
B) virus infects a photosynthetic prokaryote.
C) green alga engulfs a photosynthetic bacterium.
D) nonphotosynthetic protist engulfs a photosynthetic bacterium.
E) protist evolves to become a prokaryote.

Question 8

Which protist causes a sexually transmitted disease?

A) Giardia
B) Plasmodium
C) Trypanosoma
D) Pfiesteria
E) Trichomonas

Question 9

Protists that absorb nutrients from dead organic matter are called

A) decomposers.
B) parasitic.
C) symbiotic.
D) photosynthetic.
E) predatory.

Question 10

Protists that have two nuclei are classified as

A) diplomonads.
B) parabasalids.
C) amoebas.
D) apicomplexans.
E) ciliates.

Question 11

The eyespot of a Euglena cell enables it to

A) see images in black and white only.
B) spot potential predators.
C) see images in color.
D) photosynthesize.
E) orient toward light.

Question 12

Both Trichomonas and Giardia are parasitic protists in the group called

A) slime molds.
B) diatoms.
C) euglenids.
D) excavates.
E) alveolates.

Question 13

Which cell structure is missing in Trichomonas and Giardia?

A) Flagella
B) Cell membranes
C) Cysts
D) Mitochondria
E) Nuclei

Question 14

Which one of the following groups is characterized as eukaryotic?

A) Prions
B) Protists
C) Bacteria
D) Cyanobacteria
E) Viruses

Question 15

The foundation of a marine food chain is

A) plants.
B) fungi.
C) Archaea.
D) algae.
E) viruses.

Question 16

Protists

A) obtain nutrition through a variety of different methods.
B) develop embryos during reproduction.
C) carry out photosynthesis without chloroplasts.
D) are prokaryotic.
E) form a single clade.

Question 17

A parasitic protist that presents a major health problem to backpackers and hikers if they drink unfiltered stream or lake water is

A) Giardia.
B) Plasmodium.
C) Pfiesteria.
D) Didinium.
E) Trypanosoma.

Question 18

Which of the following best fits into the protistʹs group?

A) Plants
B) Animals
C) Prokaryotes
D) Fungi
E) Any eukaryote that is not a plant, animal, or fungus

Question 19

A protist that lives inside a host organism and absorbs nutrients from that living host is

A) a decomposer.
B) symbiotic.
C) predatory.
D) photosynthetic.
E) parasitic.

Question 20

The first protist chloroplast was likely to have been a(n)

A) example of secondary endosymbiosis.
B) virus.
C) symbiotic green alga.
D) chemosynthetic bacterium.
E) photosynthetic bacterium.

Question 21

Which protist group includes the water molds, diatoms, and brown algae?

A) Slime molds
B) Excavates
C) Euglenids
D) Stramenopiles
E) Diplomonads

Question 22

Which of the following is a characteristic of the organism that causes malaria?

A) Multicellular
B) Viral
C) Prokaryotic
D) Photosynthetic
E) Unicellular

Question 23

The oomycete that nearly destroyed the French wine industry in the late 1870s was

A) a cercozoan.
B) a protozoan.
C) a water mold.
D) a slime mold.
E) red tide.

Question 24

Paralytic shellfish poisoning occurs when_________ are eaten by humans or marine mammals.

A) diatoms
B) excavates
C) dinoflagellates
D) diplomonads
E) euglenids

Question 25

Which organism caused the disease that destroyed potato crops and led to the Irish potato famine in the mid-1800s?

A) Kinetoplastids
B) Water mold
C) Trypanosoma
D) Excavates
E) Alveolates

Question 26

Which group comprises a significant portion of phytoplankton and therefore is important to marine food webs?

A) Protozoa
B) Cyanobacteria
C) Diatoms
D) Euglenids
E) Slime molds

Question 27

Both cyanobacteria and phytoplankton are

A) multicellular.
B) eukaryotic.
C) heterotrophic.
D) parasitic.
E) photosynthetic.

Question 28

The giant kelp found along the Pacific coast is an example of

A) slime molds.
B) cyanobacteria.
C) phytoplankton.
D) brown algae.
E) water molds.

Question 29

Which group is characterized by gritty, glassy, protective shells?

A) Diatoms
B) Brown algae
C) Water molds
D) Slime molds
E) Dinoflagellates

Question 30

Free-floating, photosynthetic, unicellular protists include

A) amoebas.
B) cyanobacteria.
C) ciliates.
D) phytoplankton.
E) brown algae.

Question 31

Which group of photosynthetic, mostly marine protists was named for the motion created by their two whip-like flagella?

A) Euglenids
B) Amoebas
C) Cercozoans
D) Dinoflagellates
E) Apicomplexans

Question 32

Which group has caused such agricultural problems as downy mildew, potato blight, and an avocado disease?

A) Oomycetes
B) Cyanobacteria
C) Protozoa
D) Slime molds
E) Diatoms

Question 33

Which protist group includes organisms that can reach heights of hundreds of feet and grow more than half a foot per day?

A) Phytoplankton
B) Water molds
C) Cyanobacteria
D) Slime molds
E) Brown algae

Question 34

Which protist group includes the dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, and ciliates?

A) Euglenids
B) Diatoms
C) Protozoa
D) Alveolates
E) Stramenopiles

Question 35

Which protist causes African sleeping sickness?

A) Plasmodium
B) Didinium
C) Giardia
D) Pfiesteria
E) Trypanosoma

Question 36

Which organisms are responsible for the majority of photosynthesis?

A) Conifers
B) Cyanobacteria
C) Phytoplankton
D) Flowering plants
E) Ferns

Question 37

When a red tide occurs, huge numbers of microscopic organisms are filtered out of coastal waters by oysters and clams. This sometimes causes the shellfish to become toxic to people who eat them. The organisms that create the red tide are classified as

A) dinoflagellates.
B) diatoms.
C) euglenids.
D) red algae.
E) slime molds.

Question 38

Both Didinium and Paramecium are protists in the group called

A) slime molds.
B) rhizarians.
C) alveolates.
D) ciliates.
E) excavates.

Question 39

Which group is commonly referred to as the ʺseaweedsʺ?

A) Water molds
B) Ciliates
C) Cyanobacteria
D) Phytoplankton
E) Brown algae

Question 40

Which unicellular protists have silica shells consisting of top and bottom halves that fit together like pillboxes?

A) Amoebas
B) Diatoms
C) Euglenids
D) Apicomplexans
E) Slime molds

Question 41

The short, hair-like structures that propel Paramecium through the water are called

A) vacuoles.
B) cilia.
C) flagella.
D) pseudoplasmodia.
E) pseudopods.

Question 42

The protists make up an inadequately defined and poorly organized group that biologists will likely reorganize.

Question 43

Plasmodial slime molds are described as acellular because they

A) are heterotrophic.
B) have no membranes surrounding their nuclei.
C) lack DNA.
D) have no nuclei.
E) reproduce asexually.

Question 44

The protists include photosynthetic, parasitic, and pathogenic species.

Question 45

Which of the following is the parasite apicomplexans that causes malaria if it infects a human host?

A) Pfisteria
B) Trichomonas
C) Paramecium
D) Plasmodium
E) Giardia

Question 46

Some protists can cause sexually transmitted diseases in humans.

Question 47

Calcium carbonate shells and thread-like pseudopods are characteristic of

A) alveolates.
B) radiolarians.
C) euglenids.
D) foraminiferans.
E) excavates.

Question 48

Which group has silica shells similar to those of diatoms?

A) Euglenids
B) Radiolarians
C) Apicomplexans
D) Dinoflagellates
E) Ciliates

Question 49

The protists are a group that can best be defined as ʺany eukaryote that is not a plant, animal, or fungus.ʺ

Question 50

Which of the following is considered to be most closely related to plants?

A) Euglenids
B) Diatoms
C) Slime molds
D) Green algae
E) Brown algae

Question 51

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes red algae from diatoms and dinoflagellates?

A) One is photosynthetic, whereas the other is not.
B) One is multicellular, whereas the other is not.
C) One lives in an aquatic environment.
D) One is a protist, whereas the other is not.
E) One is eukaryotic, whereas the other is not.

Question 52

Which protozoan group consists entirely of parasitic forms?

A) Ciliates
B) Radiolarians
C) Amoebas
D) Apicomplexans
E) Slime molds

Question 53

A pseudoplasmodium is a(n)

A) aggregation of mycelia.
B) disease-causing protist.
C) acellular slime mold.
D) group of cellular slime mold cells.
E) extension of the slime mold that engulfs prey.

Question 54

Which of the following may be parasitic with humans?

A) Diatom
B) Dinoflagellate
C) Apicomplexan
D) Slime mold
E) Amoeba

Question 55

Which of the following is eukaryotic, usually acts as a producer in its ecosystem, and spins via its flagella?

A) Apicomplexan
B) Sporozoan
C) Cyanobacterium
D) Slime mold
E) Dinoflagellate

Question 56

The protist characterized by a silica shell and thread-like pseudopods is a(n)

A) euglenid.
B) alveolate.
C) radiolarian.
D) foraminiferan.
E) excavate.

Question 57

Which of the following is a parasitic protist that is spread by Anopheles mosquitoes?

A) Pfisteria
B) Paramecium
C) Plasmodium
D) Trichomonas
E) Giardia

Question 58

A_________ forms when an acellular slime mold is exposed to dry conditions or starvation.

A) water mold
B) cellular slime mold
C) fruiting body
D) plasmodium

Question 59

Which of the following has pseudopods?

A) Diatom
B) Ciliate
C) Apicomplexan
D) Slime mold
E) Amoeba

Question 60

Alveolates are characterized by pseudopods and silica shells.

Question 61

The group of protistan aquatic organisms known generally as _________produces most of the world?s oxygen.

Question 62

The way that Giardia normally infects a host is when the host ingests_________ in contaminated water.

Question 63

Chalk deposits are formed from the ancient remains of apicomplexans.

Question 64

Giardia is found in fresh water and causes an intestinal infection in mammals.

Question 65

The most complex group of unicellular protists is the_________ .

Question 66

Euglenids have functional eyespots that can discern all colors of visible light and the movement of predators.

Question 67

_________is a protistan parasite that causes malaria in humans.

Question 68

Excavates lack______ .

Question 69

Beavers are major carriers of Giardia, which is a member of the group _________that can cause severe diarrhea in people who drink water that contains the organism?s cysts.

Question 70

The _________algae are an important source of carrageenan, which is used to thicken paints, cosmetics, and ice cream.

Question 71

Trypanosoma is a protistan parasite that causes_________ in humans.

Question 72

Organisms with pseudopods can surround other organisms and trap them in a_________for digestion.

Question 73

The process in which photosynthetic bacteria were engulfed by a large cell and formed chloroplasts is called _________.

Question 74

Some protists, such as amoebas, rely on finger -like projections called_________ for capturing prey and moving.

Question 75

The active, feeding form of a(n) _________is a thin, multinucleate plasmodium.

Question 76

The White Cliffs of Dover, England, were formed over millions of years by the accumulation of calcium carbonate shells from _________.

Question 77

The coral that make up a tropical coral reef can survive only in clear, well-lit waters because of the symbiotic, photosynthetic_________ that live within the tissues of the coral.

Question 78

The majority of photosynthesis is carried out by phytoplankton.

Question 79

Diplomonads have two nuclei and move via flagella.

Question 80

Malaria is caused by a protist that is transmitted by the bite of a(n) _________.