Deck 9: Understanding Competition

Question 1

NTO's functions have remained the same over the years: creating and communicating overall appealing destination images and messages to the target market.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The Turtle Island Resort was discussed as an example of how a commitment to social and environmental responsibilities helped the Island achieve financial success.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The "subtracted effect" describes how tourist dollars spent in traveling subtract from the economy of the tourist's country of origin.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Regulation of the airline industry in North America generated a significant increase in international flight and subsequently positively influenced global tourism.

Question 5

The scenic beauty and cultural attractions of India that were overshadowed by the negative scenes of starving people living in squalor is one example of the importance of image promotion.

Question 6

The attacks on the United States in 2001, the SARS outbreak in Asia and military operations in the Middle East have all affected international tourism.

Question 7

Sociocultural demographic shifts in the population are one element that affects tourism.

Question 8

The Chinese government decreased the number of "approved" countries its citizens were allowed to visit in 2003, making BusinessWeek magazine proclaim it to be the "Year of the Japanese Tourist."

Question 9

The expenditures of international travelers can have a tremendous effect on the host country's economy.

Question 10

Europe and North America have lost tourism market share in the last 50 years.

Question 11

Tourism in Asia and the Pacific as well as the Middle East have grown in market share in the last 50 years.

Question 12

Tourism demand is largely influenced by legislative actions at various levels of government and inter-government agencies.

Question 13

Consumption patterns in tourism are not dependent upon the economic conditions in the market of the country/region that is visited.

Question 14

The United States has no national tourism offices.

Question 15

Some countries, such as Mexico and Canada, have elevated the status of their NTO to play a significant role in government.

Question 16

The technological environment has contributed to the rapid growth of tourism in the last 20 years.

Question 17

Environmental factors continue to influence growth of international tourism.

Question 18

The Chinese government's allowing citizens to visit more "approved" countries is an example of the positive impact the political/legal environment can have on tourism.

Question 19

An American increasing number of American travelers who do not want their travel to damage the environment is an example of how the ecological environment can impact tourism.

Question 20

The decline in international travel to the United States as a result of the terrorist attacks in New York City in 2001 is an example of how the political environment can affect tourism.

Question 21

Chapter 9 turns the focus of discussion from the marketing of individual hospitality organizations to that of
.

A) Private sector organizations
B) Complex multinational business organizations
C) Public sector organizations
D) Individual business organizations

Question 22

Government interest in tourism has primarily stemmed from:

A) Economic significance of employment earnings
B) Legislative actions at various levels of government
C) Economic significance of tax potential
D) Both A & C

Question 23

The example in the text about The Turtle Community and Turtle Island was provided as an example of:

A) An innovative social structure/sociocultural environment
B) Sustainable tourism/ecological environment
C) Technology in tourism/technology environment
D) Restrictive legislation/legal environment

Question 24

NTO stands for:

A) National Trade Organizations
B) National Tourism Organizations
C) No Tourism Opportunities
D) National Tourism Opportunities

Question 25

According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), international tourist arrivals have from 1950 to 2004 and the trend is expected to .

A) Decreased; decline
B) Increased; stagnate
C) Increased; continue
D) Decreased; stagnate

Question 26

The purpose of the interview with the VP of Marketing of the Hilton Waikoloa at the end of the chapter was:

A) To show the success of a hotel to promote itself by augmenting the environment
B) To show how a city works with a state to promote itself
C) To show how a hotel works with a destination to promote itself and the destination
D) To show a failure of a hotel to promote itself by neglecting the environment

Question 27

The expanding in many countries with developed economies have the means and desire to travel,
making an impact on tourist destinations worldwide.

A) Middle class
B) Upper class
C) Lower class
D) Upper middle class

Question 28

Factors contributing to the growth in tourism outside of North America and Europe include:

A) Relatively stable political environments
B) Robust economic growth
C) Relaxed visitation regulations
D) Both A & C
E) All of the above

Question 29

The fastest growing destinations in recent years outside North America and Europe have been in and
with 13% and 10% yearly average growth, respectively.

A) South America; the Middle East
B) Asia and the Pacific; the Middle East
C) Asia and the Pacific; South America
D) Russia; Antarctica

Question 30

The major environments that are contributing forces include all of the following except:

A) The political/legal environment
B) The economic environment
C) The technological environment
D) The meteorological environment

Question 31

The multiplier effect is part of the:

A) Sociocultural environment
B) Ecological environment
C) Political environment
D) Economic environment

Question 32

The following are true about the "multiplier effect" except:

A) Contributes significantly to the GDP
B) The "multiplier effect" continues indefinitely through the economy with no accountable end
C) Tourism creates jobs and growth in primary and secondary sectors of the industry
D) A tourist dollar is spent and respent throughout the economy

Question 33

A destination's can be a major factor influencing the decision for a tourist to visit a particular country, combining all of the tourist's exposure to anything related to the destination.

A) Image
B) Planography
C) Geography
D) Topography

Question 34

In 2005 the government of Mexico received a $200 million loan from the World Bank to helped make improvements in areas such as wastewater and solid waste disposal that helped contribute to their:

A) Unsustainable tourism
B) Sustainable tourism
C) Destabilized tourism
D) Stabilized tourism

Question 35

Social attitude changes toward ecotourism that affect travel are an example of the:

A) Political/legal environment
B) Technological environment
C) Sociocultural environment
D) Ecological environment
E) Both C & D

Question 36

In the interview with Leanne Pletcher of the Hilton Hawaii, what did Ms. Pletcher list as a major challenge to their tourism?

A) Economic growth
B) Unprecedented decline
C) Unprecedented growth
D) Economic hardship

Question 37

Overseas travelers from fueled worldwide tourism growth in the 1980's and 1990's in part due to the
government's "Ten Million Program" which doubled the number of outbound travelers to ten million.

A) Japan
B) The Middle East
C) China
D) Europe

Question 38

The marketing activities of an NTO are mainly centered around the promotion of:

A) Separate states
B) The country as a whole
C) Separate regions
D) Separate cities

Question 39

is one of the strongest indicators of tourism growth, according to the Travel Industry Association of America.

A) A growing population
B) Increase in the exchange rate of the dollar
C) A growing economy
D) Increasing numbers of Travel Associations

Question 40

Technology, including computer technology, has fueled tourism growth by:

A) Making distribution channels directly and quickly accessible to the consumer
B) Making modified planes that fly longer distances with better fuel economy
C) Influencing legislative actions at various levels of government
D) Both A & B

Question 41

Think of an overseas tourist destination that has become more popular in recent years. Evaluate the different environments that might have had an impact on their success.

Question 42

BEST, as described in the text, stands for:

A) Business Enterprises for Sustainable Travel
B) Business Entrepreneurs for Satellite Technology
C) Business Enterprises for Sustainable Technology
D) Business Entrepreneurs for System Tolerance

Question 43

The influence of the global economic environment on leisure travel tourism has become profound as the majority of the population in many advanced and developed countries:

A) Can afford international travel
B) Can comply with international travel regulations
C) Can afford to travel with additional friends and/or family members
D) Cannot afford international travel

Question 44

In the past, NTOs have functioned only in promotional terms. Now NTOs :

A) Launch collaborative marketing programs
B) Understand the importance of collaboration between the public and private sectors
C) Still exist, but to a much lesser extent
D) Do not exist
E) Both A & B

Question 45

Explain the role of NTOs and the importance of image promotion.

Question 46

A destination's image is factor influencing a traveler's decision to visit a country.

A) A minor
B) Not a
C) A major
D) The only

Question 47

The Lord of the Rings increasing tours to New Zealand, and Survivor and the Amazing Race increasing adventure travels are examples of:

A) The importance of NTOs working with mass media giants
B) The detriment of negative image promotion
C) "Urban drift"
D) The importance of positive image promotion

Question 48

The role of an NTO is to promote their country via:

A) Developing plans for destinations
B) Financing tourism proposals
C) Publicity campaigns
D) Both A & C
E) All of the above

Question 49

According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), international tourist arrivals have _ _ from 1950 to 2004.

A) Decreased annual growth
B) Failed to show any logical trends
C) Risen, but then continued on a slow decrease
D) Increased annual growth

Question 50

The global impression that India was a country of poverty and people living in squalor type conditions hurt their and their ability to increase tourism.

A) Image
B) Economy
C) Joining the NTO
D) Ego

Question 51

The United States Travel and Tourism Administration (USTTA):

A) Had its funding cut in 1996
B) Functioned as an NTO
C) When it folded left the US as the only major country without an NTO
D) All of the above

Question 52

In the example in the text, Ken's satisfaction with his travels to Cancun is largely based on:

A) The re-growth in the area post hurricane
B) His expectations compared to his actual experience
C) United States' diplomatic relations with Mexico
D) The cost of his hotel and travel