Deck 18: The Brain and the Cranial Nerves

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Question
In what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the motor speech area (Broca's area)?

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe
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Question
Which of the following is NOT a part of the hypothalamus?

A) preoptic region
B) tuberal region
C) supraoptic region
D) intermediate mass
Question
The regions of the brain stem involved in the control of respiration are the

A) medulla and pons.
B) pons and midbrain.
C) midbrain and medulla.
D) midbrain, pons, and medulla.
Question
The infundibulum is the anatomical link between the brain and the pituitary gland, and therefore it is the primary link between the nervous and endocrine systems. Structures contained in the infundibulum consist of which of the following?

A) a tract that transports hormones from the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei to the posterior pituitary
B) small blood vessels that transport regulating hormones from the median eminence of the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary
C) Both choices are correct.
D) Neither choice is correct.
Question
Loss of taste in the anterior region of the tongue may be an indication of damage to which cranial nerve?

A) facial VII
B) trigeminal V
C) glossopharyngeal IX
D) vagus X
Question
In what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary motor area?

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe
Question
Circumventricular organs in the wall of the third ventricle lack a blood-brain barrier. This enables them to

A) facilitate the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles.
B) monitor the chemical composition of the blood.
C) secrete cerebrospinal fluid into the ventricles.
D) all of these choices.
Question
Which of the following is an incorrect statement about a feature of the medulla oblongata?

A) The inferior cerebellar peduncles are fiber tracts that connect the olives of the medulla to the cerebellum.
B) The vestibular nuclear complex is found mostly in the medulla.
C) Pyramids contain the main sensory tracts that pass through the brain stem from the spinal cord; they are visible on the dorsal surface of the medulla.
D) Vital reflex centers for control of heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure are located in the medulla.
Question
A midsagittal section of the brain would pass through which of the following?

A) longitudinal fissure
B) corpus callosum
C) falx cerebri
D) all of these choices
Question
The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier

A) is the same thing as the blood-brain barrier.
B) is due mainly to tight junctions between endothelial cells of the capillaries throughout the brain tissue.
C) protects the neurons of the brain and spinal cord from potentially harmful substances in the blood.
D) is another name for cranial meninges.
Question
The corpus callosum allows information to travel between cerebral hemispheres. Therefore the corpus callosum contains _____ tracts.

A) association
B) commissural
C) projection
D) all of these choices
Question
Choroid plexuses are specialized capillaries in the CNS that 1. are covered by ependymal cells.
2) are located in the walls of the ventricles.
3) are located in the dural venous sinuses.
4) are the sites for reabsorption of CSF.
5) are derived from the arachnoid layer of the meninges.

A) 3, 4, 5
B) 1, 2, 4, 5
C) 1, 2
D) 2, 3, 4
Question
In what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary visual area?

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe
Question
A block of which nerve would provide anesthesia to the lower teeth and chin?

A) maxillary branch of cranial nerve V
B) mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
C) glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
D) cranial nerve VII
Question
The tectum of the midbrain bears four rounded elevations

A) called substantia nigra.
B) that control all subconscious muscle activities.
C) that transmit all sensory and motor information between the upper and lower brain regions.
D) that control reflex movements in response to visual and auditory stimuli.
Question
The cerebellar peduncles conduct information into and out of the cerebellum. The correct statement is

A) the superior cerebellar peduncles conduct only sensory information.
B) the inferior cerebellar peduncles contain only motor fibers.
C) the middle cerebellar peduncles contain only afferent (sensory) fibers.
D) none of these choices.
Question
The postcentral gyrus is in the _____ lobe of the cortex; it contains the primary _____ area.

A) parietal, somatosensory
B) parietal, motor
C) frontal, somatosensory
D) frontal, motor
Question
Which of the following statements about the basal nuclei is/are TRUE?

A) The caudate nucleus consists of the globus pallidus and the putamen.
B) The corpus striatum consists of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus.
C) The putamen and caudate nucleus regulate muscle tone required for specific movements
D) all of these choices.
Question
Inability to control eyeball movement may indicate damage to which cranial nerve(s)? 1. trochlear IV
2) optic II
3) oculomotor III
4) trigeminal V
5) abducens VI

A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B) 2, 3, 4, 5
C) 1, 2, 4
D) 1, 3, 5
Question
Which of the following is NOT an extension of the dura mater?

A) falx cerebelli
B) falx cerebri
C) tentorium cerebelli
D) epidural space
Question
Which is a function of the trigeminal (V) nerve?

A) conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp
B) turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle
C) causes movement of eyelid and eyeball; constriction of pupil
D) causes movement of eyeball via superior oblique muscle
Question
In what part of the brain would you find the cerebral peduncles?

A) midbrain
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
Question
Which is a function of the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve?

A) conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue
B) conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles
C) conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
D) controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing
Question
In what part of the brain would you find the hippocampus?

A) thalamus
B) limbic system
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebellum
Question
Which is a function of the abducens (VI) nerve?

A) conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp
B) turns eyeball medially via medial rectus muscle
C) causes movement of eyelid and eyeball, constriction of pupil
D) causes movement of eyeball via lateral rectus muscle
Question
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, and most anesthetics readily pass through the blood-brain barrier.
Question
Pigmented nuclei in the midbrain called substantia nigra control subconscious muscle activities.
Question
Which is a function of the vagus (X) nerve?

A) conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue
B) conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles
C) conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
D) controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing
Question
In what part of the brain would you find the oval shaped swellings called olives?

A) midbrain
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
Question
In what part of the brain would you find the medial and lateral geniculate nuclei?

A) thalamus
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
Question
In what part of the brain would you find the corpus striatum?

A) midbrain
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
Question
Which is a function of the hypoglossal (XII) nerve?

A) conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue
B) conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles
C) conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
D) controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing
Question
Which is a function of the accessory (XI) nerve?

A) conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue
B) conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles
C) conveys motor impulses to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
D) controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing
Question
Which is a function of the olfactory (I) nerve?

A) conveys nerve impulses related to smell
B) conveys nerve impulses related to vision
C) causes movement of eyelid and eyeball; constriction of pupil
D) causes movement of eyeball via superior oblique muscle
Question
In what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary auditory area?

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe
Question
In what part of the brain would you find the insula?

A) thalamus
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
Question
In what part of the brain would you find the arbor vitae?

A) thalamus
B) limbic system
C) cerebellum
D) pons
Question
Which is a function of the facial (VII) nerve?

A) conveys nerve impulses related to smell
B) turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle
C) conveys impulses from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue
D) conveys impulses associated with hearing and equilibrium
Question
Which is a function of the vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve?

A) conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp
B) turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle
C) conveys impulses from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue
D) conveys impulses associated with hearing and equilibrium
Question
Small openings in the roof of the third ventricle allow passage of CSF into the subarachnoid space.
Question
List the secondary brain vesicles and state which parts of the brain develop from each.
Question
Describe the route traveled by cerebrospinal fluid from production until it is reabsorbed into venous blood.
Question
Discuss the location of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in relation to the basic functions of CSF; i.e., how does location facilitate function?
Question
The structure indicated by the arrow is the _____. <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is the _____.  </strong> A) pons B) midbrain C) thalamus D) medulla oblongata <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) pons
B) midbrain
C) thalamus
D) medulla oblongata
Question
The pineal gland is attached to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum.
Question
Which of the following is NOT a branch of the trigeminal (V) nerve?

A) mandibular
B) ophthalmic
C) temporal
D) maxillary
Question
Describe the blood-brain barrier and explain how it controls the movement of substances between the blood and brain tissue. Give examples of substances that readily cross the BBB.
Question
List, in order from anterior to posterior, the 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Indicate whether each is sensory, motor, or mixed in function. State a main function for each nerve.
Question
The cranial nerve which conveys parasympathetic control of most organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities is

A) accessory (XI) nerve
B) glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve
C) facial (VII) nerve
D) vagus (X) nerve
Question
The transverse fissure separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.
Question
A broad region where gray matter and white matter show a netlike arrangement in the brain stem and the inferior part of the diencephalon, and whose function is to influence muscle tone and to cause arousal from sleep are collectively referred to as the

A) reticular formation
B) medial lemniscus
C) cerebral peduncles
D) cerebellar peduncles
Question
The structure indicated by the arrow <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow  </strong> A) is where the rubrospinal tract begins. B) is where the corticospinal tract decussates. C) is where the spinothalamic tract crosses. D) is where third-order neurons of the posterior (dorsal) column tract originate. <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) is where the rubrospinal tract begins.
B) is where the corticospinal tract decussates.
C) is where the spinothalamic tract crosses.
D) is where third-order neurons of the posterior (dorsal) column tract originate.
Question
This structure arises from the _____.] <strong>This structure arises from the _____.]  </strong> A) telencephalon. B) mesencephalon. C) metencephalon. D) diencephalon. <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) telencephalon.
B) mesencephalon.
C) metencephalon.
D) diencephalon.
Question
All cranial nerves are mixed nerves.
Question
The lateral cerebral sulcus primarily separates the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe.
Question
Which of the following is incorrectly matched regarding the midbrain?

A) Inferior colliculi; reflex centers for sudden movements of the head and trunk in response to auditory stimuli
B) Superior colliculi; reflex centers for movements of the eyes, head and neck in response to visual stimuli
C) Red nucleus; origin of the tectospinal tract
D) Substantia nigra; production of the neurotransmitter dopamine
Question
The hypothalamic mammillary bodies serve as relay stations for reflexes related to the sense of smell.
Question
The structure indicated by the arrow is involved with which function? <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is involved with which function?  </strong> A) vision B) hearing C) taste D) smell <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) vision
B) hearing
C) taste
D) smell
Question
List the four main regions of the hypothalamus. Name the nuclei located in each region.
Question
Which lobe(s) of the cerebellum controls subconscious movement of skeletal muscles?

A) anterior and posterior
B) flocculonodular
C) anterior and flocculonodular
D) posterior and flocculonodular
Question
The structure indicated by the arrow is primarily involved in vision. The structure indicated by the arrow is primarily involved in vision.  <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Question
Loss of cholinergic neurons (release ACh), and the presence of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are the hallmark features of what disease?

A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Cerebral Palsy
C) Epilepsy
D) TIA
Question
During development, most of the protective structures of the brain, that is, most of the bones of the skull, associated connective tissues, and meningeal membranes arise from

A) the neural crest.
B) the neural tube.
C) the diencephalons.
D) the rhombencephalon.
Question
This structure separates what two cerebral lobes? <strong>This structure separates what two cerebral lobes?  </strong> A) temporal and parietal B) frontal and parietal C) temporal and occipital D) occipital and parietal <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) temporal and parietal
B) frontal and parietal
C) temporal and occipital
D) occipital and parietal
Question
The Reticular Activating System receives input from ALL of the following types of stimuli except

A) visual.
B) auditory.
C) smell.
D) pain.
Question
The structure indicated by the arrow is the <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is the  </strong> A) Central sulcus B) Lateral sulcus C) Transverse fissure D) Longitudinal fissure <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) Central sulcus
B) Lateral sulcus
C) Transverse fissure
D) Longitudinal fissure
Question
This structure is separated from the frontal lobe by the <strong>This structure is separated from the frontal lobe by the  </strong> A) central sulcus. B) falx cerebri. C) lateral cerebral sulcus. D) transverse fissure. <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) central sulcus.
B) falx cerebri.
C) lateral cerebral sulcus.
D) transverse fissure.
Question
The structure indicated by the arrow is separated from the occipital lobe of the cerebrum by the <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is separated from the occipital lobe of the cerebrum by the  </strong> A) transverse fissure B) longitudinal fissure C) central sulcus D) lateral sulcus <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) transverse fissure
B) longitudinal fissure
C) central sulcus
D) lateral sulcus
Question
This structure is separated from the occipital lobe of the cerebrum by a fold of the dura mater referred to as the <strong>This structure is separated from the occipital lobe of the cerebrum by a fold of the dura mater referred to as the  </strong> A) transverse fissure. B) longitudinal fissure. C) falx cerebri. D) tentorium cerebelli. <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) transverse fissure.
B) longitudinal fissure.
C) falx cerebri.
D) tentorium cerebelli.
Question
The structure indicated by the arrow is primarily involved with which of the following? <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is primarily involved with which of the following?  </strong> A) smell B) vision C) motor control D) sensory perception <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) smell
B) vision
C) motor control
D) sensory perception
Question
This structure is separated from the cerebellum by the <strong>This structure is separated from the cerebellum by the  </strong> A) central sulcus. B) transverse fissure. C) longitudinal fissure. D) falx cerebelli. <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) central sulcus.
B) transverse fissure.
C) longitudinal fissure.
D) falx cerebelli.
Question
The structure indicated by the arrows is the <strong>The structure indicated by the arrows is the  </strong> A) cerebral peduncle B) medullary pyramid C) vermis D) cerebellar peduncle <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) cerebral peduncle
B) medullary pyramid
C) vermis
D) cerebellar peduncle
Question
What collection of commissural fibers is located deep in this structure? <strong>What collection of commissural fibers is located deep in this structure?  </strong> A) association tracts B) corpus callosum C) internal capsule D) projections tracts <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) association tracts
B) corpus callosum
C) internal capsule
D) projections tracts
Question
This structure sends information directly to the cerebellum via the _____ cerebellar peduncles. <strong>This structure sends information directly to the cerebellum via the _____ cerebellar peduncles.  </strong> A) superior B) middle C) inferior <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) superior
B) middle
C) inferior
Question
The primary _____ area is located here. <strong>The primary _____ area is located here.  </strong> A) breathing B) sensory C) cardiovascular D) speech <div style=padding-top: 35px>

A) breathing
B) sensory
C) cardiovascular
D) speech
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Deck 18: The Brain and the Cranial Nerves
1
In what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the motor speech area (Broca's area)?

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe
D
2
Which of the following is NOT a part of the hypothalamus?

A) preoptic region
B) tuberal region
C) supraoptic region
D) intermediate mass
D
3
The regions of the brain stem involved in the control of respiration are the

A) medulla and pons.
B) pons and midbrain.
C) midbrain and medulla.
D) midbrain, pons, and medulla.
A
4
The infundibulum is the anatomical link between the brain and the pituitary gland, and therefore it is the primary link between the nervous and endocrine systems. Structures contained in the infundibulum consist of which of the following?

A) a tract that transports hormones from the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei to the posterior pituitary
B) small blood vessels that transport regulating hormones from the median eminence of the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary
C) Both choices are correct.
D) Neither choice is correct.
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5
Loss of taste in the anterior region of the tongue may be an indication of damage to which cranial nerve?

A) facial VII
B) trigeminal V
C) glossopharyngeal IX
D) vagus X
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6
In what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary motor area?

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe
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Unlock Deck
k this deck
7
Circumventricular organs in the wall of the third ventricle lack a blood-brain barrier. This enables them to

A) facilitate the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles.
B) monitor the chemical composition of the blood.
C) secrete cerebrospinal fluid into the ventricles.
D) all of these choices.
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Unlock for access to all 75 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
8
Which of the following is an incorrect statement about a feature of the medulla oblongata?

A) The inferior cerebellar peduncles are fiber tracts that connect the olives of the medulla to the cerebellum.
B) The vestibular nuclear complex is found mostly in the medulla.
C) Pyramids contain the main sensory tracts that pass through the brain stem from the spinal cord; they are visible on the dorsal surface of the medulla.
D) Vital reflex centers for control of heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure are located in the medulla.
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k this deck
9
A midsagittal section of the brain would pass through which of the following?

A) longitudinal fissure
B) corpus callosum
C) falx cerebri
D) all of these choices
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k this deck
10
The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier

A) is the same thing as the blood-brain barrier.
B) is due mainly to tight junctions between endothelial cells of the capillaries throughout the brain tissue.
C) protects the neurons of the brain and spinal cord from potentially harmful substances in the blood.
D) is another name for cranial meninges.
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11
The corpus callosum allows information to travel between cerebral hemispheres. Therefore the corpus callosum contains _____ tracts.

A) association
B) commissural
C) projection
D) all of these choices
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k this deck
12
Choroid plexuses are specialized capillaries in the CNS that 1. are covered by ependymal cells.
2) are located in the walls of the ventricles.
3) are located in the dural venous sinuses.
4) are the sites for reabsorption of CSF.
5) are derived from the arachnoid layer of the meninges.

A) 3, 4, 5
B) 1, 2, 4, 5
C) 1, 2
D) 2, 3, 4
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13
In what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary visual area?

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe
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14
A block of which nerve would provide anesthesia to the lower teeth and chin?

A) maxillary branch of cranial nerve V
B) mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
C) glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
D) cranial nerve VII
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k this deck
15
The tectum of the midbrain bears four rounded elevations

A) called substantia nigra.
B) that control all subconscious muscle activities.
C) that transmit all sensory and motor information between the upper and lower brain regions.
D) that control reflex movements in response to visual and auditory stimuli.
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Unlock for access to all 75 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
16
The cerebellar peduncles conduct information into and out of the cerebellum. The correct statement is

A) the superior cerebellar peduncles conduct only sensory information.
B) the inferior cerebellar peduncles contain only motor fibers.
C) the middle cerebellar peduncles contain only afferent (sensory) fibers.
D) none of these choices.
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Unlock Deck
k this deck
17
The postcentral gyrus is in the _____ lobe of the cortex; it contains the primary _____ area.

A) parietal, somatosensory
B) parietal, motor
C) frontal, somatosensory
D) frontal, motor
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18
Which of the following statements about the basal nuclei is/are TRUE?

A) The caudate nucleus consists of the globus pallidus and the putamen.
B) The corpus striatum consists of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus.
C) The putamen and caudate nucleus regulate muscle tone required for specific movements
D) all of these choices.
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k this deck
19
Inability to control eyeball movement may indicate damage to which cranial nerve(s)? 1. trochlear IV
2) optic II
3) oculomotor III
4) trigeminal V
5) abducens VI

A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B) 2, 3, 4, 5
C) 1, 2, 4
D) 1, 3, 5
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20
Which of the following is NOT an extension of the dura mater?

A) falx cerebelli
B) falx cerebri
C) tentorium cerebelli
D) epidural space
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k this deck
21
Which is a function of the trigeminal (V) nerve?

A) conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp
B) turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle
C) causes movement of eyelid and eyeball; constriction of pupil
D) causes movement of eyeball via superior oblique muscle
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Unlock for access to all 75 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
22
In what part of the brain would you find the cerebral peduncles?

A) midbrain
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
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Unlock Deck
k this deck
23
Which is a function of the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve?

A) conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue
B) conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles
C) conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
D) controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing
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Unlock for access to all 75 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
24
In what part of the brain would you find the hippocampus?

A) thalamus
B) limbic system
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebellum
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Unlock Deck
k this deck
25
Which is a function of the abducens (VI) nerve?

A) conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp
B) turns eyeball medially via medial rectus muscle
C) causes movement of eyelid and eyeball, constriction of pupil
D) causes movement of eyeball via lateral rectus muscle
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k this deck
26
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, and most anesthetics readily pass through the blood-brain barrier.
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27
Pigmented nuclei in the midbrain called substantia nigra control subconscious muscle activities.
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k this deck
28
Which is a function of the vagus (X) nerve?

A) conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue
B) conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles
C) conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
D) controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing
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Unlock for access to all 75 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
29
In what part of the brain would you find the oval shaped swellings called olives?

A) midbrain
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
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Unlock Deck
k this deck
30
In what part of the brain would you find the medial and lateral geniculate nuclei?

A) thalamus
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
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Unlock Deck
k this deck
31
In what part of the brain would you find the corpus striatum?

A) midbrain
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
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Unlock Deck
k this deck
32
Which is a function of the hypoglossal (XII) nerve?

A) conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue
B) conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles
C) conveys motor impulses to laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, and to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
D) controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing
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33
Which is a function of the accessory (XI) nerve?

A) conveys impulses from taste buds on the posterior one-third of the tongue
B) conveys impulses to visceral, cardiac, and skeletal muscles
C) conveys motor impulses to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
D) controls movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing
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34
Which is a function of the olfactory (I) nerve?

A) conveys nerve impulses related to smell
B) conveys nerve impulses related to vision
C) causes movement of eyelid and eyeball; constriction of pupil
D) causes movement of eyeball via superior oblique muscle
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35
In what lobe of the cerebrum would you find the primary auditory area?

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe
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36
In what part of the brain would you find the insula?

A) thalamus
B) medulla oblongata
C) hypothalamus
D) cerebrum
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37
In what part of the brain would you find the arbor vitae?

A) thalamus
B) limbic system
C) cerebellum
D) pons
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38
Which is a function of the facial (VII) nerve?

A) conveys nerve impulses related to smell
B) turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle
C) conveys impulses from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue
D) conveys impulses associated with hearing and equilibrium
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39
Which is a function of the vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve?

A) conveys sensory impulses from the facial region and anterior scalp
B) turns eyeball laterally via lateral rectus muscle
C) conveys impulses from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue
D) conveys impulses associated with hearing and equilibrium
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40
Small openings in the roof of the third ventricle allow passage of CSF into the subarachnoid space.
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41
List the secondary brain vesicles and state which parts of the brain develop from each.
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42
Describe the route traveled by cerebrospinal fluid from production until it is reabsorbed into venous blood.
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43
Discuss the location of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in relation to the basic functions of CSF; i.e., how does location facilitate function?
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44
The structure indicated by the arrow is the _____. <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is the _____.  </strong> A) pons B) midbrain C) thalamus D) medulla oblongata

A) pons
B) midbrain
C) thalamus
D) medulla oblongata
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45
The pineal gland is attached to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum.
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46
Which of the following is NOT a branch of the trigeminal (V) nerve?

A) mandibular
B) ophthalmic
C) temporal
D) maxillary
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47
Describe the blood-brain barrier and explain how it controls the movement of substances between the blood and brain tissue. Give examples of substances that readily cross the BBB.
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48
List, in order from anterior to posterior, the 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Indicate whether each is sensory, motor, or mixed in function. State a main function for each nerve.
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49
The cranial nerve which conveys parasympathetic control of most organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities is

A) accessory (XI) nerve
B) glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve
C) facial (VII) nerve
D) vagus (X) nerve
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50
The transverse fissure separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.
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51
A broad region where gray matter and white matter show a netlike arrangement in the brain stem and the inferior part of the diencephalon, and whose function is to influence muscle tone and to cause arousal from sleep are collectively referred to as the

A) reticular formation
B) medial lemniscus
C) cerebral peduncles
D) cerebellar peduncles
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52
The structure indicated by the arrow <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow  </strong> A) is where the rubrospinal tract begins. B) is where the corticospinal tract decussates. C) is where the spinothalamic tract crosses. D) is where third-order neurons of the posterior (dorsal) column tract originate.

A) is where the rubrospinal tract begins.
B) is where the corticospinal tract decussates.
C) is where the spinothalamic tract crosses.
D) is where third-order neurons of the posterior (dorsal) column tract originate.
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53
This structure arises from the _____.] <strong>This structure arises from the _____.]  </strong> A) telencephalon. B) mesencephalon. C) metencephalon. D) diencephalon.

A) telencephalon.
B) mesencephalon.
C) metencephalon.
D) diencephalon.
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54
All cranial nerves are mixed nerves.
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55
The lateral cerebral sulcus primarily separates the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe.
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56
Which of the following is incorrectly matched regarding the midbrain?

A) Inferior colliculi; reflex centers for sudden movements of the head and trunk in response to auditory stimuli
B) Superior colliculi; reflex centers for movements of the eyes, head and neck in response to visual stimuli
C) Red nucleus; origin of the tectospinal tract
D) Substantia nigra; production of the neurotransmitter dopamine
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57
The hypothalamic mammillary bodies serve as relay stations for reflexes related to the sense of smell.
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58
The structure indicated by the arrow is involved with which function? <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is involved with which function?  </strong> A) vision B) hearing C) taste D) smell

A) vision
B) hearing
C) taste
D) smell
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59
List the four main regions of the hypothalamus. Name the nuclei located in each region.
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60
Which lobe(s) of the cerebellum controls subconscious movement of skeletal muscles?

A) anterior and posterior
B) flocculonodular
C) anterior and flocculonodular
D) posterior and flocculonodular
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61
The structure indicated by the arrow is primarily involved in vision. The structure indicated by the arrow is primarily involved in vision.
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62
Loss of cholinergic neurons (release ACh), and the presence of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are the hallmark features of what disease?

A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Cerebral Palsy
C) Epilepsy
D) TIA
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63
During development, most of the protective structures of the brain, that is, most of the bones of the skull, associated connective tissues, and meningeal membranes arise from

A) the neural crest.
B) the neural tube.
C) the diencephalons.
D) the rhombencephalon.
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64
This structure separates what two cerebral lobes? <strong>This structure separates what two cerebral lobes?  </strong> A) temporal and parietal B) frontal and parietal C) temporal and occipital D) occipital and parietal

A) temporal and parietal
B) frontal and parietal
C) temporal and occipital
D) occipital and parietal
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65
The Reticular Activating System receives input from ALL of the following types of stimuli except

A) visual.
B) auditory.
C) smell.
D) pain.
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66
The structure indicated by the arrow is the <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is the  </strong> A) Central sulcus B) Lateral sulcus C) Transverse fissure D) Longitudinal fissure

A) Central sulcus
B) Lateral sulcus
C) Transverse fissure
D) Longitudinal fissure
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67
This structure is separated from the frontal lobe by the <strong>This structure is separated from the frontal lobe by the  </strong> A) central sulcus. B) falx cerebri. C) lateral cerebral sulcus. D) transverse fissure.

A) central sulcus.
B) falx cerebri.
C) lateral cerebral sulcus.
D) transverse fissure.
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68
The structure indicated by the arrow is separated from the occipital lobe of the cerebrum by the <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is separated from the occipital lobe of the cerebrum by the  </strong> A) transverse fissure B) longitudinal fissure C) central sulcus D) lateral sulcus

A) transverse fissure
B) longitudinal fissure
C) central sulcus
D) lateral sulcus
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69
This structure is separated from the occipital lobe of the cerebrum by a fold of the dura mater referred to as the <strong>This structure is separated from the occipital lobe of the cerebrum by a fold of the dura mater referred to as the  </strong> A) transverse fissure. B) longitudinal fissure. C) falx cerebri. D) tentorium cerebelli.

A) transverse fissure.
B) longitudinal fissure.
C) falx cerebri.
D) tentorium cerebelli.
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70
The structure indicated by the arrow is primarily involved with which of the following? <strong>The structure indicated by the arrow is primarily involved with which of the following?  </strong> A) smell B) vision C) motor control D) sensory perception

A) smell
B) vision
C) motor control
D) sensory perception
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71
This structure is separated from the cerebellum by the <strong>This structure is separated from the cerebellum by the  </strong> A) central sulcus. B) transverse fissure. C) longitudinal fissure. D) falx cerebelli.

A) central sulcus.
B) transverse fissure.
C) longitudinal fissure.
D) falx cerebelli.
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72
The structure indicated by the arrows is the <strong>The structure indicated by the arrows is the  </strong> A) cerebral peduncle B) medullary pyramid C) vermis D) cerebellar peduncle

A) cerebral peduncle
B) medullary pyramid
C) vermis
D) cerebellar peduncle
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73
What collection of commissural fibers is located deep in this structure? <strong>What collection of commissural fibers is located deep in this structure?  </strong> A) association tracts B) corpus callosum C) internal capsule D) projections tracts

A) association tracts
B) corpus callosum
C) internal capsule
D) projections tracts
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74
This structure sends information directly to the cerebellum via the _____ cerebellar peduncles. <strong>This structure sends information directly to the cerebellum via the _____ cerebellar peduncles.  </strong> A) superior B) middle C) inferior

A) superior
B) middle
C) inferior
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75
The primary _____ area is located here. <strong>The primary _____ area is located here.  </strong> A) breathing B) sensory C) cardiovascular D) speech

A) breathing
B) sensory
C) cardiovascular
D) speech
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