Deck 18: Blood

Question 1

Fraction of blood comprised by erythrocytes.

A) hematocrit
B) buffy coat
C) serum
D) albumin
E) myeloid

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the most abundant class of leukocyte.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Cell mediator of inflammation.

A) erythrocyte
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
E) basophil

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Most abundant formed element.

A) myeloid
B) monocyte
C) eosinophil
D) basophil
E) erythrocyte

Question 5

Along with leukocytes, these contribute less than 1% of whole blood.

A) albumin
B) erythrocytes
C) lymphocytes
D) reticulocytes
E) platelets

Question 6

Parent cell that transforms into a macrophage.

A) lymphocyte
B) neutrophil
C) eosinophil
D) basophil
E) monocyte

Question 7

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction of leukocytes that represents basophils.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 8

Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the formed element of the blood that is packed with molecules of hemoglobin.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 9

Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates formed elements of the blood that are important in blood clotting.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 10

Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the formed element of the blood that produces antibodies.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 11

Cell fragments, also called thrombocytes, involved in clotting.

A) globulins
B) fibrinogen
C) albumin
D) basophils
E) platelets

Question 12

Seen in abundance during parasitic infection.

A) erythrocyte
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
E) basophil

Question 13

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction of leukocytes that represents lymphocytes.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 14

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction of leukocytes that represents eosinophils.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 15

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction of leukocytes that represents neutrophils.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 16

Leukocyte primarily responsible for destroying bacteria.

A) erythrocyte
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
E) basophil

Question 17

Figure 18.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the fraction that of leukocytes that represents monocytes.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 18

Figure 18.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Identify the letter that indicates the formed element of the blood that develops into phagocytic cells called macrophages.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 19

Blood protein that contributes osmotic pressure, keeping water from leaking out of the vessels.

A) hematocrit
B) buffy coat
C) serum
D) albumin
E) myeloid

Question 20

Plasma minus clotting factors.

A) hematocrit
B) buffy coat
C) serum
D) albumin
E) myeloid

Question 21

In the cell line that forms erythrocytes in red bone marrow, all of the following occur except that

A) lysosome-like granules accumulate.
B) the cytoplasm goes from basophilic (blue-staining) to eosinophilic (pink-staining).
C) the nucleus is lost.
D) hemoglobin accumulates in the cells.

Question 22

Disorders of red blood cells can be detected by obtaining counts of these immature structures.

A) myeloid
B) eosinophil
C) reticulocyte
D) lymphoid
E) lymphocyte

Question 23

The most abundant white blood cell type is the

A) eosinophil.
B) monocyte.
C) neutrophil.
D) lymphocyte.

Question 24

Which white blood cells contain granules of histamine?

A) eosinophils
B) neutrophils
C) basophils
D) lymphocytes

Question 25

Young erythrocyte.

A) myeloid
B) eosinophil
C) reticulocyte
D) lymphoid
E) lymphocyte

Question 26

What type of white blood cell increases dramatically during parasitic infections or allergic reactions?

A) monocyte
B) basophil
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil

Question 27

Which of the following organs does not form blood cells in the fetus?

A) lung
B) spleen
C) yolk sac
D) liver

Question 28

Cell containing a large, dark purple-staining spherical nucleus that almost completely fills the cell volume.

A) myeloid
B) eosinophil
C) reticulocyte
D) lymphoid
E) lymphocyte

Question 29

The unusual shape of the erythrocyte can be explained by which of the following?

A) It increases surface area for respiratory exchange across the plasma membrane.
B) It reflects the fact that erythrocytes are degenerating.
C) It is the best shape for a cell that must pass through narrow capillaries.
D) It allows each cell to hold a maximum amount of hemoglobin.

Question 30

What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus?

A) One occurs in the bloodstream, whereas the other occurs outside the bloodstream.
B) A thrombus must travel to become an embolus.
C) One is a blood clot, whereas the other is a parasitic worm.
D) One occurs in arteries, the other in veins.

Question 31

Produces antibodies.

A) erythrocyte
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
E) basophil

Question 32

The functions of platelets include all of the following except

A) formation of a temporary patch in the walls of damaged blood vessels.
B) release of chemical signals that trigger the immune response.
C) secretion of chemicals that call more platelets to the site of injury.
D) release of molecules that initiate clotting.

Question 33

Which cells fight infection by producing antibodies?

A) B lymphocytes
B) plasma cells
C) T lymphocytes
D) eosinophils

Question 34

Which of the following cells lack mitochondria?

A) basophils
B) erythrocytes
C) platelets
D) neutrophils

Question 35

What is the anatomical difference between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes?

A) B cells have a darker-staining nucleus.
B) T cells are larger.
C) B cells are larger.
D) They are structurally identical.

Question 36

Hematocrit measures the percentage of blood volume that consists of

A) plasma.
B) neutrophils.
C) platelets.
D) erythrocytes.

Question 37

Stem cell from which eosinophils and basophils develop.

A) erythrocyte
B) basophil
C) monocyte
D) eosinophil
E) myeloid

Question 38

The most common formed elements in the blood are

A) leukocytes.
B) macrophages.
C) erythrocytes.
D) platelets.

Question 39

is a condition in which the bloodʹs capacity for carrying oxygen is diminished.

A) Leukemia
B) Thrombocytopenia
C) Polycythemia
D) Anemia

Question 40

Which of the following is not phagocytic?

A) lymphocyte
B) basophil
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil

Question 41

Which of the following groups of cells are most structurally related?

A) monocytes, platelets, and macrophages
B) eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils
C) basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes
D) lymphocytes, erythrocytes, and basophils

Question 42

Which of the following statements concerning the various leukocytes is false?

A) All are active in connective tissues but not in blood.
B) All have distorted, lobed nuclei.
C) All perform diapedesis.
D) All fight disease.

Question 43

Megakaryocytes

A) give rise to platelets.
B) are phagocytic.
C) are small compared to erythrocytes.
D) circulate freely in the blood.

Question 44

Leukocytes, ordered from most to least abundant, are the

A) basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils.
B) basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
C) neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes.
D) neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.

Question 45

The least abundant white blood cell type is the

A) eosinophil.
B) basophil.
C) monocyte.
D) lymphocyte.

Question 46

Which type of connective tissue occurs in the bone marrow cavity?

A) loose areolar
B) dense irregular
C) reticular
D) cartilage

Question 47

Diapedesis is

A) amoeboid motion.
B) the process by which eosinophils attack worms.
C) the exit of leukocytes from capillaries.
D) the ingestion of bacteria by macrophages.

Question 48

T cells function to

A) respond primarily to bacteria and bacterial toxins in body fluids.
B) phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes.
C) produce antibodies.
D) destroy body cells infected with viruses.

Question 49

Which of the following cells develop into macrophages?

A) monocytes
B) lymphocytes
C) basophils
D) neutrophils

Question 50

If examination of the blood reveals a large number of immature leukocytes, the individual is probably suffering from

A) sickle cell disease.
B) thrombocytopenia.
C) anemia.
D) leukemia.

Question 51

Yellow bone marrow gets its color from

A) the early stages of red blood cells being made there.
B) fat cells.
C) low densities of red blood cells.
D) the bone trabeculae in the center of this colorless marrow.

Question 52

When centrifuged, blood separates into the following sequence of layers, from lightest to heaviest:

A) buffy coat, hematocrit, plasma.
B) plasma, buffy coat, hematocrit.
C) buffy coat, plasma, hematocrit.
D) hematocrit, plasma, buffy coat.

Question 53

An average female has approximately of blood.

A) 1 liter
B) 8 liters
C) 4 liters
D) 0.5 liter

Question 54

The bloodʹs globulins include

A) antibodies.
B) hemoglobin.
C) albumin.
D) fibrinogen.

Question 55

The precursors of neutrophils, listed in their proper order from the least to the most differentiated cells, are:

A) myeloblast, metamyelocyte, and band cell.
B) metamyelocyte, neutrophil, and band cell.
C) band cell, myeloblast, and myelocyte.
D) metamyelocyte, myeloblast, and neutrophil.

Question 56

The blood cell whose nucleus often resembles a telephone receiver is the

A) erythrocyte.
B) lymphocyte.
C) eosinophil.
D) basophil.

Question 57

The replacement of red bone marrow with yellow bone marrow in the limbs occurs

A) by 2 years of age.
B) in fetal life.
C) before 8 years of age.
D) between 8 and 18 years of age.

Question 58

Reticulocytes are precursors to mature

A) neutrophils.
B) lymphocytes.
C) basophils.
D) erythrocytes.

Question 59

B cells fight infections by

A) engulfing foreign pathogens.
B) killing off body cells.
C) producing antibodies.
D) acting as killer cells.

Question 60

In adults, blood cells are manufactured in the marrow of all of the following bones except the

A) pelvis.
B) clavicle.
C) sternum.
D) forearm bones (radius and ulna).

Question 61

is a condition in which there is an abnormal excess of erythrocytes in the blood.

A) Thrombocytopenia
B) Anemia
C) Polycythemia
D) Leukemia

Question 62

The formed element that is flattened, circular, lacks a nucleus, lacks mitochondria or ribosomes, and is red because of the presence of hemoglobin is

A) an erythrocyte.
B) a basophil.
C) a lymphocyte.
D) an eosinophil.

Question 63

Elevated numbers of reticulocytes may indicate

A) a degenerative bone marrow disease.
B) a parasitic infection.
C) sickle cell disease.
D) a person is adapting to life at high elevations.

Question 64

Which of the following precursors of erythrocytes are in their proper order, from least to most differentiated?

A) proerythroblast, normocyte, reticulocyte
B) reticulocyte, normocyte, erythroblast
C) normocyte, proerythroblast, erythrocyte
D) erythroblast, reticulocyte, normocyte

Question 65

Hemopoiesis is

A) different from hematopoiesis.
B) blood cell production.
C) a disease of erythrocytes.
D) a stain for blood smears.

Question 66

Giant cells located just outside of marrow sinusoids are called

A) reticulocytes.
B) myeloblasts.
C) monoblasts.
D) megakaryocytes.

Question 67

The percentage of erythrocytes in a normal volume of blood is about

A) 90%.
B) 10%.
C) 45%.
D) 30%.

Question 68

Which of the following is the correct ranking of formed elements of blood by longevity (life span), from longest-lived to shortest-lived?

A) erythrocytes, platelets, neutrophils
B) neutrophils, basophils, erythrocytes
C) basophils, erythrocytes, eosinophils
D) monocytes, neutrophils, erythrocytes

Question 69

Which cells are the most responsible for the rejection of a transplanted organ, such as a heart?

A) T cells
B) macrophages
C) B cells
D) eosinophils

Question 70

An eosinophil can be distinguished from a basophil because the eosinophil

A) has pink (versus dark purple) granules.
B) is smaller.
C) has a lobed (versus nonlobed) nucleus.
D) contains cytoplasmic granules.

Question 71

The defining characteristic of a reticulocyte in the blood is

A) dark-staining nucleus.
B) numerous endocytic vesicles.
C) collagen (reticular) fibers.
D) dark staining masses that represent degrading ribosomes.

Question 72

In the body, erythrocytes are red because of the oxidized iron they contain. In stained blood smears, erythrocytes are

A) pink from eosin.
B) light blue from methylene blue.
C) also red from iron.
D) purple from hematoxylin stain.

Question 73

Which of the following do not remain in red bone marrow after hematopoiesis?

A) fat cells
B) myeloid stem cells
C) lymphoid stem cells
D) reticulocytes

Question 74

is a condition in which there is an abnormally low concentration of platelets in the blood.

A) Thrombocytopenia
B) Polycythemia
C) Leukemia
D) Anemia

Question 75

All of the following cell types are derived from the same precursor cell that generates neutrophils except the

A) myeloblast.
B) blood stem cell.
C) myelocyte.
D) plasma cell.

Question 76

Together, leukocytes and platelets constitute roughly which percentage of whole blood volume?

A) 1%
B) 45%
C) 10%
D) 55%

Question 77

Which of the following is not a phase of erythropoiesis?

A) production of ribosomes
B) production of vacuoles
C) synthesis of hemoglobin
D) ejection of the erythrocyteʹs nucleus

Question 78

Which of the following is not a committed cell in a blood cell line?

A) myeloblast
B) megakaryoblast
C) hemapoietic stem cell
D) proerythroblast

Question 79

A plasma protein involved in blood clotting is

A) a platelet.
B) albumin.
C) fibrin (and fibrinogen).
D) globulin.

Question 80

Graft-versus-host disease occurs in many marrow transplant patients because of the activity of

A) neutrophils.
B) lymphocytes.
C) platelets.
D) macrophages.