Deck 1: Introduction to Anatomy Physiology

Question 1

What results when anabolism occurs more than catabolism in an organism?

A)irritability
B)movement
C)excretion
D)growth

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Sierra says she learns more from reading the textbook for class than from listening to lecture.She is most likely a(n):

A)tactile learner.
B)visual learner.
C)kinesthetic learner.
D)auditory learner.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

In laboratory,you will study the overall structure and shape of the femur bone without the aid of a microscope.This is a study known as:

A)microscopic anatomy.
B)regional anatomy.
C)systemic anatomy.
D)gross anatomy.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which two organ systems include the pancreas as a component?

A)endocrine and lymphatic systems
B)digestive and endocrine systems
C)respiratory and cardiovascular systems
D)digestive and urinary systems

Question 5

A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides,palms facing forward,is in the:

A)anatomical position.
B)sagittal position.
C)supine position.
D)frontal position.

Question 6

Which of the following is the most complex structural level of organization?

A)chemical level
B)organ level
C)cellular level
D)tissue level

Question 7

What is a major function of the respiratory system?

A)deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body
B)return excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system
C)produce vitamin D and retain water
D)digest food and absorb nutrients into the blood

Question 8

Which organ system includes blood vessels and the heart?

A)cardiovascular system
B)lymphatic system
C)respiratory system
D)endocrine system

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct sequence,from simplest to most complex,in the levels of structural organization of the human body?

A)cellular level,chemical level,tissue level,organ level,organ system level,organismal level
B)chemical level,cellular level,tissue level,organ level,organ system level,organismal level
C)chemical level,tissue level,cellular level,organ system level,organ level,organismal level
D)cellular level,tissue level,chemical level,organ level,organ system level,organismal level

Question 10

What is the smallest level of structural organization in the human body?

A)organ level
B)tissue level
C)chemical level
D)cellular level

Question 11

When we imagine a person exhibiting the anatomical position,the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing:

A)down.
B)backward.
C)forward.
D)to the side.

Question 12

Which organ system supports the body and protects internal organs?

A)digestive system
B)muscular system
C)skeletal system
D)endocrine system

Question 13

What does the SQ3R method stand for?

A)share,quiz,query,question,and read
B)survey,question,read,recite,and review
C)sort,query,read,recite,and review
D)search,quiet,research,read,and remember

Question 14

What is a good strategy for class or laboratory preparation?

A)Avoid reading before class as you may get confused.
B)Focus on reading your materials on the weekends when you have hours to spend.
C)Only read after you have attended class or laboratory.
D)Read and prepare notes before attending your class or laboratory.

Question 15

Why should a student use the SQ3R method?

A)The SQ3R method provides a student with a strategy for improving test taking skills.
B)The SQ3R method provides a student with a strategy for taking notes during lecture class.
C)The SQ3R method provides a plan for a student to improve textbook reading skills.
D)The SQ3R method provides a student with ways to improve time management skills.

Question 16

What learning modality is engaged when students participate in study groups?

A)tactile learner
B)kinesthetic learner
C)auditory learner
D)visual learner

Question 17

Jesse felt comfortable using the microscope after listening to directions from his lab professor.His learning style preference must be:

A)auditory learner.
B)tactile learner.
C)visual learner.
D)kinesthetic learner.

Question 18

How could you use the Learning Outcomes in this book to help you study?

A)Read through the Learning Outcomes after you have completed a section.
B)Rewrite each Learning Outcome in your notes.
C)Write down the answers to the Learning Outcomes.
D)Recite the Learning Outcomes until you have them memorized.

Question 19

What is a good way to manage time in preparation for your anatomy and physiology class?

A)I should delay studying until the day or two before the test to best remember the material.
B)I make a schedule and budget my time.
C)I study only on the weekends when I have many hours of free time.
D)I should stay up all night the night before the test to maximize what is stored in short-term memory.

Question 20

In laboratory,you will study tissues.This area of study is known as:

A)histology.
B)cytology.
C)gross anatomy.
D)physiology.

Question 21

A plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts is known as a:

A)frontal (coronal)plane.
B)sagittal plane.
C)midsagittal (median)plane.
D)transverse (horizontal,or cross)plane.

Question 22

What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

A)diaphragm
B)pericardium
C)mediastinum
D)pleura

Question 23

Which directional term indicates the front side of the body?

A)posterior (dorsal)
B)superior (cranial)
C)anterior (ventral)
D)medial

Question 24

Dr.Mitchell performs open heart surgery.The incision he makes through the sternal region of his patient divides the thoracic cavity into equal left and right parts.This incision must be made along a:

A)transverse (horizontal)plane.
B)midsagittal (median)plane.
C)frontal (coronal)plane.
D)sagittal plane.

Question 25

The thoracic cavity is situated superior to the abdominopelvic cavity and separated by the diaphragm.Therefore,the diaphragm creates a:

A)parasagittal plane.
B)transverse (horizontal)plane,or cross section.
C)frontal (coronal)plane.
D)midsagittal (median)plane.

Question 26

Select the appropriate directional term to complete this sentence: The mouth is to the nose.

A)inferior (caudal)
B)superior (cranial)
C)distal
D)posterior (dorsal)

Question 27

The vertebral region is superior to the:

A)occipital region.
B)cephalic region.
C)sacral region.
D)cervical region.

Question 28

What are the two subcavities of the dorsal body cavity?

A)cranial and vertebral (spinal)cavities
B)abdominal and pelvic cavities
C)pleural and pericardial cavities
D)thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Question 29

The hand is also known as the:

A)pedal region.
B)acromial region.
C)manual region.
D)plantar region.

Question 30

Select the letter that represents the left iliac (inguinal)region.

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D

Question 31

A directional term that means the same as posterior is:

A)anterior.
B)sagittal.
C)dorsal.
D)ventral.

Question 32

Which regions of the abdominopelvic cavity are situated medially?

A)right and left hypochondriac regions,and the epigastric region
B)right and left lumbar regions and the umbilical region
C)right hypochondriac,right lumbar,and right iliac (inguinal)regions
D)epigastric,umbilical,hypogastric regions

Question 33

A person in the anatomical position is visualized to be:

A)standing upright.
B)laying down on his or her back.
C)laying down on the stomach.
D)sitting down.

Question 34

The point of the shoulder is also known as the:

A)antebrachial region.
B)brachial region.
C)digital region.
D)acromial region.

Question 35

In the anatomical position,the palms are on the:

A)posterior (dorsal)surface.
B)lateral surface.
C)anterior (ventral)surface.
D)superior (cranial)surface.

Question 36

What smaller cavity within the thoracic cavity houses the heart,great blood vessels,esophagus,and trachea?

A)diaphragm
B)mediastinum
C)peritoneal cavity
D)abdominal cavity

Question 37

Body parts that are described as medial are considered to be:

A)toward the front.
B)toward the head.
C)closer to the point of origin.
D)closer to the midline of the body.

Question 38

James sustained a cut to his mental region,also known as his:

A)chin.
B)cheek.
C)nose.
D)mouth.

Question 39

Select the appropriate directional term to complete this sentence: The skeletal muscles are to the skin.

A)inferior (caudal)
B)posterior
C)deep
D)superficial

Question 40

What major organs are housed in the thoracic cavity?

A)stomach,intestines,liver,pancreas
B)brain and spinal cord
C)lungs,heart,esophagus,trachea
D)urinary bladder,reproductive organs

Question 41

Which of the following illustrates a gradient?

A)maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
B)equilibrium or balance between two unconnected areas
C)more of something exists in one area than another and the two areas are connected
D)equal amounts of something exist in areas that are connected

Question 42

What organ(s)is/are covered by the pleura?

A)digestive organs
B)brain and spinal cord
C)heart
D)lungs

Question 43

What are the two major methods by which cells communicate to coordinate their functions?

A)positive feedback loops and negative feedback loops
B)chemical messengers and/or electrical signals
C)effectors and responses
D)temperature gradients and pressure gradients

Question 44

A nerve cell releases chemical messengers to trigger changes in a nearby muscle cell.This is example of a core principle known as:

A)feedback loops.
B)principle of complementarity of structure and function.
C)gradients.
D)cell-cell communication.

Question 45

Which region of the abdominopelvic cavity lies between the right and left lumbar regions?

A)umbilical region
B)epigastric region
C)right lumbar region
D)hypogastric region

Question 46

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment is termed:

A)integration.
B)homeostasis.
C)positive feedback.
D)effector control.

Question 47

What part of a feedback loop causes physiological responses to return the variable to the normal homeostatic range?

A)effector
B)control center
C)stimulus
D)receptor (sensor)

Question 48

When studying,you should actively read the textbook by taking notes and making diagrams.

Question 49

When you go outside on a hot summer day,your body temperature heats up above the normal range.Receptors in your brain detect the change in body temperature.The brain activates nerve cells that send messages to sweat glands,causing the body temperature to fall as the sweat evaporates from the skin.What part of this feedback loop is the stimulus?

A)nerve cells
B)increased body temperature
C)sweat glands
D)brain

Question 50

Serous membranes line certain cavities within the:

A)cranial cavity.
B)dorsal cavities.
C)vertebral (spinal)cavity.
D)ventral cavities.

Question 51

When you go outside on a hot summer day,your body temperature heats up above the normal range.Receptors in your brain detect the change in body temperature.The brain activates nerve cells that send messages to sweat glands,causing the body temperature to fall as the sweat evaporates from the skin.What part of this feedback loop is the effector?

A)brain
B)sweat glands
C)nerve cells
D)increased body temperature

Question 52

Blood pressure in arteries is higher than the blood pressure in capillaries.Blood flows from arteries to capillaries due to the presence of a:

A)homeostatic imbalance.
B)negative feedback loop.
C)positive feedback loop.
D)pressure gradient.

Question 53

A mother breastfeeds her infant.As long as the baby suckles his mother's breast,the mother's mammary glands produce milk.Suckling,the stimulus,increases milk production,the response.This scenario is best described as:

A)a positive feedback loop.
B)a negative feedback loop.
C)principle of complementarity of structure and function.
D)anatomical position.

Question 54

The type of feedback that increases or enhances the effects of the variable is:

A)responsive.
B)negative.
C)neutral.
D)positive.

Question 55

How does the effector restore homeostasis in a negative feedback loop?

A)The effector amplifies the response,but does not continue indefinitely.
B)The effector causes a rapid change in a variable.
C)The effector opposes the initial stimulus and shuts off when conditions return to the normal range.
D)The effector increases and reinforces the initial stimulus.

Question 56

Which of the following best summarizes the principle of complementarity of structure and function?

A)form follows function
B)structure drives function
C)function follows structure
D)maintenance of a stable internal environment

Question 57

What is NOT one of the four core principles related to homeostasis?

A)metabolism
B)feedback loops
C)gradients
D)cell-cell communication

Question 58

What is deep to the visceral pericardium?

A)parietal pericardium
B)visceral peritoneum
C)pericardial cavity
D)heart muscle

Question 59

A cell or organ that responds to the directions of the control center in a negative feedback loop is termed a(n):

A)effector.
B)receptor.
C)regulator.
D)stimulus.

Question 60

What would a needle travel through as it enters the right lung?

A)parietal pleura,serous fluid,visceral pleura,right lung
B)visceral pericardium,serous fluid,parietal pericardium,right lung
C)parietal pleura,serous fluid,right lung,visceral pleura
D)visceral pleura,serous fluid,parietal pleura,right lung

Question 61

During lab dissections,Kelly's instructor directs the students to make a midsagittal cut into their specimen.However,Kelly's lab partner thought she heard the instructor say that a cut along the median plane was to be made.Explain what type of cut should be made into the specimen.

Question 62

Define homeostasis and homeostatic imbalance.

Question 63

Describe anatomical position.

Question 64

Patients are always examined while they are standing in the anatomical position.

Question 65

Peggy is having surgery on the right carpal region.A 3 cm incision will be made deep to the skin and muscle,but will be superficial to the bone.Explain to her where her surgery will occur.

Question 66

Explain where the pericardial cavity is situated in relation to the pericardial membranes.

Question 67

You should wait to read the textbook until you have heard the material presented in lecture or laboratory.

Question 68

Explain how gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy differ.

Question 69

The smallest level of organization in the human body is the cellular level.

Question 70

The endocrine system is responsible for generating heat.

Question 71

Serous fluid lubricates around organs and reduces friction as the organ moves against adjacent structures.

Question 72

Instead of using the directional terms superior and inferior to describe positions on the upper and lower limbs,what directional terms are used? Define these terms.

Question 73

A female patient presents at the emergency room with pain in the right lower quadrant.Which organs might be involved?

Question 74

Negative feedback loops produce responses in the opposite direction of the initial stimulus while positive feedback loops produce responses in the same direction of the initial stimulus.

Question 75

The crural region is posterior (dorsal)to the sural region.

Question 76

Gillian prefers to study alone.She mostly draws diagrams from the textbook or makes charts and tables to organize her thoughts as she reads.Determine and discuss her learning style.

Question 77

Describe the SQ3R method for reading a textbook.

Question 78

The transverse (horizontal plane or cross section)plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

Question 79

Define metabolism.

Question 80

List the four quadrants and nine regions of the abdominopelvic cavity.