Deck 7: The Skeleton

Question 1

In women of childbearing age,the dimensions of the true pelvis are of utmost importance.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The mastoid sinuses are located at a position in the skull where they are usually free from infections.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The largest and strongest bone of the face is the maxilla.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Most of the body's weight is carried by the talus and calcaneus.

Question 5

The fibula is the major weight-bearing bone of the leg.

Question 6

The vertebral column is held in place primarily by the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments.

Question 7

The lacrimal bone contains a grove that forms part of lacrimal fossa.Along with the soft tissue of the lacrimal sac,these structures drain tears from the eye into the nasal passage.

Question 8

The vomer along with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone forms the bony part of the nasal septum.

Question 9

Lordosis affects the thoracic vertebrae.

Question 10

The tubercle of a rib articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra.

Question 11

All vertebrae possess a body,a spine,and transverse foramina.

Question 12

The term vertebrochondral ribs refers to the "false ribs," that attach to each other before they attach to the sternum.

Question 13

There are seven cervical,twelve thoracic,and five lumbar vertebrae.

Question 14

Costal cartilages join most ribs to the sternum.

Question 15

All of the bones of the skull,except the mandible,are united by sutures and are therefore immovable.

Question 16

The most common site of fracture in the humerus is the anatomical neck.

Question 17

The temporal bone connects to the zygomatic bone via the temporal process of the temporal bone.

Question 18

In the anatomical position,the lateral forearm bone is the radius.

Question 19

The frontal bone articulates with the parietal bone by means of the sagittal suture.

Question 20

The shallow socket of the shoulder joint restricts the movement of the humerus but does increase the stability of the joint.

Question 21

The proximal end of the ulna illustrates the relationship of form and function.The rounded trochlear notch articulates with the hourglass shape of the trochlea.This forms a joint that allows for ________.

A)the curling of the fingers
B)the hyper extension of the forearm
C)the rotational motion of the forearm
D)the hinge like motion of the forearm

Question 22

The range of motion as well as the direction of motion for the various regions of the spine differs.For example the lumbar spine is capable of flexion and extension but little rotational movement.While the thoracic spine rotates with little flexion or extension.This is due to variation in ________.

A)the orientation of the superior and inferior articular facets
B)the composition of the intervertebral disks
C)the arrangement of muscular attachment to the spinous processes
D)the thickness of the intervertebral disc

Question 23

During concussion (a type of traumatic brain injury)the brain will move within the cranial cavity.Damage is caused to the brain as it crashes into parts of the bony cavity walls.Ironically one of the bone markings that can cause serious damage to the brain is the ________.This is ironic because one of the functions of this bone marking is to ________.

A)perpendicular plate; separate the left and right halves of the nasal cavity
B)pterygoid processes; anchor important chewing muscles
C)styloid process; attach to and support the hyoid bone
D)crista galli; attach to the dura matter holding the brain in place

Question 24

Of the list below select the one that gives the least explanation for the relatively high mobility of the arms.

A)The relatively open glenoid cavity of the glenohumeral joint.
B)The scapula does not articulate to the axial skeleton directly.
C)The subscapular notch is a passage way for nerves.
D)The clavicle articulates to the axial skeleton at only the sternal end.

Question 25

The anatomy of the thoracic cage provides ridged support and protection but at the same time is also flexible and mobile.Of the list below,which feature does not aid in the flexibility and movement of the thoracic cage?

A)the jugular notch
B)the costal spaces occupied by costal muscle
C)the sternal angle
D)the costal cartilages

Question 26

Which is the best description for the function of the cranial bones?

A)allowing introduction of food into the digestive system
B)house the special sense organs
C)protection of the brain
D)providing passageways for respiratory gases to move into and out of the body

Question 27

The sphenoid bone is sometimes referred to as a "key stone" of the skull.This is due to the fact that ________.

A)the sphenoid is wedged in the superior most portion of the skull and supports all of the other bones below (excluding the mandible)
B)the intricate shape of the sphenoid makes it critical to the district characteristics of the individual human face
C)the sphenoid is in the center of the skull and it articulates (joins)with all of the other bones of the skull (excluding the mandible)
D)the sphenoid bone is solid like a stone and provides the strength necessary to support the skull

Question 28

The pituitary gland is housed in a saddle-like depression in the temporal bone called the sella turcica.

Question 29

The ischium articulates with both the ilium and the pubis.

Question 30

When looking at the range of motion of the various sections of the vertebral column the ________ has the most flexibility

A)lumbar spine
B)thoracic spine
C)cervical spine
D)sacral spine

Question 31

Which of the following can be considered a function of the paranasal sinuses?

A)The paranasal sinuses are passageways for nerves to pass through.
B)Sinuses have rough patches that aid in muscle attachment.
C)Sinuses are often referred to as vestigial,anatomical features with no know function.
D)Sinuses take away a minimal amount of strength from bones while reducing the weight of bones.

Question 32

The bones in the skull have many different names but what are the boundaries of each bone? Where do they start and stop?

A)Bones of the skull are separated by immobile joints called sutures.
B)Bones of the skull are continuous but named for their specific markings.
C)The boundaries are indistinct and are simply vague generalized regions.
D)Boundaries for skull bones are seen only in the infant skull.

Question 33

The sella turcica is part of the ________ bone and houses the ________ gland.

A)ethmoid; thymus
B)sphenoid; pituitary
C)ethmoid; pituitary
D)sphenoid; thymuss

Question 34

The dens articulates with the occipital bone.

Question 35

Which of the following would be most associated with housing the special sense organs?

A)the cranial bones
B)hyoid bone
C)the facial bones
D)the bones of the inner ear

Question 36

Which of the following would be most associated with process of warming and humidifying inhaled air?

A)the paranasal sinuses
B)the bones comprising the orbits
C)the cranial bones
D)hyoid bone

Question 37

The glenohumeral joint that articulates the humerus to the pectoral girdle is a highly mobile joint.This mobility comes at a cost because ________.

A)these type of joints are harder to control and coordinate
B)muscles that span this mobile joint will only provide a reduced amount of power
C)the joint is relatively unstable and can easily dislocate
D)the blood vessels that lead to the arm and hand can easily be cut off by the free range of motion

Question 38

The hypothalamus is a region of the brain controlling many aspects of the endocrine system.It works closely with the pituitary gland.The hypothalamus is directly superior to the pituitary and is therefore ________.

A)the only region of the brain that is outside of the skull
B)superior to the crista galli
C)inferior to the cribriform plate
D)superior to the sella turcica

Question 39

Curvatures of the spine serve the body by ________.

A)applying greater pressure to the intervertebral disks preventing them from slipping
B)providing space for soft organs in the various body cavities
C)giving additional springiness and flexibility to the spine which absorbs shock
D)limiting the flexibility of the spine and preventing hyperextension

Question 40

Which of the bones of the skull would you most associate with hearing and balance?

A)the occipital bone
B)the zygomatic bone
C)the temporal bone
D)the parietal bone

Question 41

The proximal end of the radius illustrates the relationship of form and function.The cup-like surface of the radial head articulates with the rounded shape of the capitulum.This forms a joint that allows for ________.

A)the rotational motion of the forearm
B)the curling of the fingers
C)the hinge like motion of the forearm
D)the hyper extension of the forearm

Question 42

Which part of the vertebral column receives the most stress by bearing most of the weight of the body?

A)the cervical region
B)the lumbar region
C)the sacrum
D)the sacral promontory

Question 43

The suture that connects the two parietal bones together is the ________.

A)coronal
B)squamous
C)lambdoid
D)sagittal

Question 44

What is the major function of the axial skeleton?

A)provide central support for the body and protect internal organs
B)provide a space for the major digestive organs
C)provide an attachment point for muscles that allow movement
D)give the body resilience

Question 45

Which bone is in direct contact with the first metatarsal?

A)lateral cuneiform
B)calcaneus
C)cuboid
D)medial cuneiform

Question 46

Which vertebra does not have a body?

A)atlas
B)last lumbar
C)last cervical
D)axis

Question 47

Which of the following is an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column often seen in the thoracic region?

A)kyphosis
B)scoliosis
C)swayback
D)lordosis

Question 48

Paranasal sinuses are found in which of these facial bones?

A)zygomatic bones
B)vomer
C)nasal conchae
D)maxillae

Question 49

The axial skeleton includes ________.

A)the skull,the scapula and the vertebral column
B)the skull,vertebral column,and rib cage
C)arms,legs,hands,and feet
D)the skull,vertebral column,and pelvis

Question 50

Which bone forms the prominence of the cheek?

A)sphenoid bone
B)temporal bone
C)palatine bone
D)zygomatic bone

Question 51

The antebrachium is composed of which of the following two bones?

A)the radius and the ulna
B)the scapula and the clavicle
C)the humerus and the radius
D)the humerus and the clavicle

Question 52

The hyoid bone is unique because it ________.

A)is composed of three bones joined together
B)is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone
C)is the only irregular bone found in the neck
D)is the only bone formed by the fusion of right and left halves

Question 53

Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity toward the end of the pregnancy?

A)scoliosis
B)kyphosis
C)hunchback
D)lordosis

Question 54

Which bone acts as a moveable base for the tongue?

A)zygomatic bone
B)palatine
C)hyoid bone
D)mandible

Question 55

The "true wrist" or carpus consists of ________.

A)the phalanges
B)the metacarpals
C)a group of eight short bones united by ligaments
D)the styloid processes of the radius and ulna

Question 56

The superior orbital fissure is formed in the sphenoid bone,whereas the inferior orbital fissure is formed between the sphenoid and ________.

A)maxilla
B)lacrimal
C)palatine
D)ethmoid

Question 57

How are thoracic vertebrae 11 and 12 different from the other vertebrae?

A)There are two foramina on vertebrae 11 and 12.
B)The transverse processes do not have facets that articulate with the tubercles of the ribs.
C)The orientation of the articular processes is different from all the other thoracic vertebrae.
D)The spinous processes are directed parallel with the centrum.

Question 58

What are the major functions of the intervertebral discs?

A)to hold together the vertebra and support the body
B)to remove curvatures of the spine and provide springiness to the spinal column
C)to absorb shock and provide flexibility to the spine
D)to prevent hyperextension and allow rotation of the spine

Question 59

Thoracic vertebrae differ from the other vertebrae in that they have ________.

A)no transverse processes
B)transverse foramina
C)costal facets
D)no intervertebral discs

Question 60

Along with support,the anterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column also acts to ________.

A)protect the spinal cord
B)hold the discs in place
C)prevent hyperextension of the spine
D)hold the spine erect

Question 61

Which of the following bones is not weight bearing?

A)femur
B)fibula
C)tibia
D)talus

Question 62

What is the function of the lumbar curvature?

Question 63

Which part of the ethmoid bone forms the superior part of the nasal septum?

A)perpendicular plate
B)orbital plate
C)cribriform plate
D)crista galli

Question 64

The heel bone is called the ________.

Question 65

Your "cheekbone" is mostly formed from the ________ bone.

Question 66

The pelvic girdle does not include the ________.

A)femur
B)ilium
C)pubis
D)ischium

Question 67

Which of the following is not a movement that can occur between vertebrae?

A)supination
B)rotation
C)flexion and extension
D)lateral flexion

Question 68

What is the purpose of the vertebral curvatures?

Question 69

The superior nasal concha is a part of which bone?

A)ethmoid
B)maxilla
C)vomer
D)sphenoid

Question 70

Why is the area just distal to the tubercles of the humerus called the surgical neck?

Question 71

What structure is the "missing" body of the second cervical vertebrae?

Question 72

The ________ is the bone confined to the septum of the nose.

Question 73

Only the ________ vertebrae have transverse foramina.

Question 74

The medial condyle of the femur articulates with the medial condyle of the ________.

Question 75

Describe the composition of the intervertebral discs.

Question 76

The lateral condyle of the femur articulates with the lateral condyle of the ________.

Question 77

Which portion of the fibula articulates with the talus?

A)calcaneus
B)medial malleolus
C)head
D)lateral malleolus

Question 78

The styloid process of the ________ points to the thumb.

Question 79

The largest foramen in the body is the ________ foramen.

Question 80

The smallest short bone in the hand is the ________.