Deck 6: Hypothesis Testing

Question 1

Dr.James is working hard on his research testing a drug which will influence the onset of a newly identified psychological disorder.Dr.James more than likely got his idea from an) .

A)theory.
B)everyday experience.
C)prior research study.
D)functional problem.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Jason is searching for information on his research topic.Jason puts in his search engine, "pornography and drugs." Jason's use of the word "and" is to .

A)increase the number of returned results.
B)to help with finding overlapping material.
C)decrease the number of returned results.
D)to limit the number of overlapping pieces of material.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A is an idea that is not very well defined.

A)research topic
B)research hypothesis
C)literary research
D)research question

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is an example discussed in the textbook of a place to get a research idea?

A)Internet
B)from a professor
C)prior research
D)book on research ideas

Question 5

Sam has decided to study why college students use social networking sites.This is an example of an) .

A)research question.
B)research topic.
C)research hypothesis.
D)literary research.

Question 6

Which of the following is most likely to contain information that is valid or reliable?

A).org
B).net
C).com
D).edu

Question 7

In the chapter, a study by Albert Bandura was discussed.Which of the following was not a research topic?

A)observational learning
B)reinforcement
C)punishment
D)Bobo dolls

Question 8

In psychological research, the largest database used by researchers is .

A)APb.PsycINFO.
C)PsycARTICLES.
D)Google.

Question 9

Which of the following was the research question used by Albert Bandura in his study with Bobo Dolls and children?

A)Does the type of reinforcement or punishment given to model influence the observer's aggressive behavior?
B)Does observational learning impact children?
C)Does the use of reinforcement influence children?
D)Does the use of a Bobo doll influence the reinforcement of children in play?

Question 10

A states a research idea in a clearly defined manner so that it may be tested.

A)research topic
B)research hypothesis
C)research question
D)literary research

Question 11

Each day that Jim walks to class he notices that his fellow students always have their heads down looking at their phones.Jim tells his professor he would like to conduct a study looking at why students spend so much time looking at their phones.Jim has just gotten a research idea from an) .

A)theory.
B)functional problem.
C)everyday experience.
D)prior research study.

Question 12

Which of the following is least likely to contain information that is valid or reliable?

A).com
B).edu
C)..gov
D).org

Question 13

A research question is and a research topic is .

A)broad, narrow.
B)narrow, broad.
C)unique, common.
D)complex, simple.

Question 14

According to the text, the use of the Internet for searching is questionable because the Internet is not always and .

A)verifiable, reliable.
B)truthful, honest.
C)valid, tested.
D)truthful, valid.

Question 15

The chapter discussed some of the work done by Dr.John Nash.Dr.Nash's work was originally only applied in the field of mathematics.Later, researchers took his theory and applied them in economics, psychology, and other fields.This is an example of getting a research idea by using an) ?? .

A)everyday experience.
B)prior research study.
C)functional problem.
D)theory.

Question 16

In psychology, the database with only full text electronic articles is called .

A)APb.PsycINFO.
C)PsycARTICLES.
D)Google.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a place discussed in the textbook to get a research idea?

A)Internet
B)everyday experiences
C)prior research
D)theory

Question 18

Unlike a research topic that is defined broadly, a is better defined to provide direction for researchers.

A)research experiment
B)research hypothesis
C)research question
D)literary research

Question 19

Dan is searching on the Internet for information on his research topic.The search results lead to over 50,000 hits.Dan's search resulted in a large number of hits because .

A)his topic is well researched.
B)his search was too narrow.
C)his search was too broad.
D)his search engine is not working properly.

Question 20

Sara is working hard reviewing the literature for a research study.Finally, after several days of reviewing literature, Sara stumbles across a good research idea.This would be an example of Sara using an)________________ to find a research idea

A)theory
B)everyday experiences
C)prior research study
D)functional problem

Question 21

Dave has developed a research question.In addition, he has developed two hypotheses for his research question.The first hypothesis states there is no difference between the scores on the dependent variables.This is known as the hypothesis.

A)first
B)research
C)null
D)exhaustive

Question 22

When searching for research on more than one topic area, you should use the words) between search topics to find overlapping material.

A)or
B)with
C)and
D)from which

Question 23

When hypotheses in a research study are exhaustive, they are .

A)the only possibilities.
B)the best possible choices.
C)the beginnings of a good theory.
D)stated in the simplest way possible.

Question 24

When stating the null or research hypotheses in symbols, the symbol $\mu$ stands for ________.

A)the mean of the sample.
B)the mean of the dependent variable.
C)levels of the independent variable.
D)the mean of the population.

Question 25

The names of the hypotheses for a research study are and .

A)first, second
B)mutually exclusive, exhaustive
C)null, research
D)null, exhaustive

Question 26

What does the following mean in words: H₀ $\mu$ ₁ = $\mu$ ₂?

A)The mean of population 1 is equal to the mean of population 2.
B)The mean of population 1 is not equal to the mean of population 2.
C)The mean of sample 1 is not equal to the mean of sample 2.
D)The mean of sample 1 is equal to the mean of sample 2.

Question 27

In research, the two hypotheses developed must be and .

A)mutually exclusive, exhaustive
B)different, all knowing
C)true, valid
D)valid, reliable

Question 28

Georgia has developed two hypotheses for her research question.The first hypothesis is known as the null hypothesis and states there will be no difference between the scores on the dependent variables.Her second hypothesis is known as a research hypothesis and states .

A)there is a significant difference in the independent variable.
B)there is no significant difference in the scores of the dependent variables.
C)there is a difference between scores on the dependent variables.
D)the groups are the same for the variables.

Question 29

Sara is searching on the Internet for information on her research topic.The search results lead to only 10 hits.Sara's search resulted in a small number of records because .

A)her topic is too broad.
B)her topic is too narrow.
C)her topic is not interesting enough to be researched.
D)the search engine is not working properly.

Question 30

The null hypothesis is represented in symbols as .

A)H₁
B)H₀
C)N₁
D)N₀

Question 31

The research hypothesis is represented in symbols as .

A)H₁
B)H₀
C)N₁
D)N₀

Question 32

When hypotheses for a study are said to be mutually exclusive, this means the hypotheses .

A)are both reliable.
B)can't both be true.
C)can't both be reliable.
D)are both true.

Question 33

Susan is conducting a research study and has developed two hypotheses.She is planning to test against the null hypothesis.The null hypothesis states .

A)there is a relationship between the scores of the dependent variables.
B)there is no difference between the scores of the dependent variables.
C)there is a significant relationship between the scores of the dependent variables.
D)there no significant interest in the independent variables.

Question 34

When selecting a research hypothesis, researchers can have either a or research hypothesis.

A)valid, reliable
B)nondirectional, directional
C)mutually exclusive, exhaustive
D)alternative, null

Question 35

When searching for research on a topic, it is recommended that you use to increase the number of search results.

A)synonyms
B)antonyms
C)prepositions
D)adjectives

Question 36

A statement by a researcher about the relationship between variables is known as a .

A)theory
B)hypothesis
C)correlation
D)testimonial

Question 37

You have been discussing a research project with your friend James.James has told you that his research hypothesis states, the mean of population 1 is not equal to the mean of population 2.How would you write this research hypothesis in symbols?

A)H₁ $\mu$ ₁ < $\mu$ ₂
B)H₀ $\mu$ ₁ < $\mu$ ₂
C)H₁ $\mu$ ₁ $\neq$ $\mu$ ₂
D)H₀ $\mu$ ₁ = $\mu$ ₂

Question 38

Mark has developed a research question.In addition, he has developed two hypotheses for his research question.The second hypothesis Mark has developed states there is a difference between the scores on the dependent variables he is measuring.This is known as the hypothesis.

A)second
B)null
C)exclusive
D)research

Question 39

You have been discussing a research project with your friend Tony.Tony has told you that his hypothesis states, the mean of population 1 is equal to the mean of population 2.How would you write this research hypothesis in symbols?

A)H₁ $\mu$ ₁ = $\mu$ ₂
B)H₀ $\mu$ ₁ < $\mu$ ₂
C)H₁ $\mu$ ₁ $\neq$ $\mu$ ₂
D)H₀ $\mu$ ₁ = $\mu$ ₂

Question 40

Tom has developed a that states there is a relationship between caffeine and alertness.

A)theory
B)correlation
C)statement
D)hypothesis

Question 41

Most research questions are developed from work done by others.

Question 42

A research topic is narrow in scope.

Question 43

A research question states a research idea in a clearly defined manner that is testable.

Question 44

Using the Heinz ketchup example, write the following hypothesis in symbols : People are more willing to buy red ketchup than green ketchup.

A)H₁ $\mu$ _{red ketchup)} > $\mu$ _{green ketchup)}
B)H₀ $\mu$ _{red ketchup)} < $\mu$ _{green ketchup)}
C)H₁ $\mu$ _{red ketchup)} = $\mu$ _{green ketchup)}
D)H₀ $\mu$ _{red ketchup)} > $\mu$ _{green ketchup)}

Question 45

Taking the recommendation of authors in a publication as a basis for your own research is known as getting a research idea from prior research.

Question 46

According to the text, Jenn believed that her writing abilities were better than John's.Jenn is stating what kind of research hypothesis?

A)null
B)directional
C)exhaustive
D)nondirectional

Question 47

For her study, Stephanie has stated her research hypothesis as : H₁ $\mu$ ₁ > $\mu$ ₂.What do the symbols mean?

A)The mean of population 1 is equal to the mean of population 2.
B)The mean of population 1 is greater than the mean of population 2.
C)The mean of population 1 is less than the mean of population 2.
D)The mean of population 1 is not equal to the mean of population 2.

Question 48

Most research questions are developed from everyday experiences, functional problems, prior research, and literature reviews.

Question 49

Merry is working on a research project about the influence of caffeine consumption on alertness.She has developed two hypotheses.Her second hypothesis states that there will be an increase in alertness with the consumption of caffeine.This hypothesis is known as a hypothesis.

A)null
B)directional
C)research
D)nondirectional

Question 50

Most research questions are developed from everyday experiences, functional problems, prior research, and theory.

Question 51

Researchers who are attempting to solve a real world problem developed their research ideas from everyday experiences.

Question 52

A research idea is broad and a research question is narrow.

Question 53

A nondirectional research hypothesis states that there .

A)is an increase in differences.
B)is a decrease in differences.
C)is no difference.
D)is a difference.

Question 54

For his study, Tim has stated his research hypothesis as : H₁ $\mu$ ₁ < $\mu$ ₂.What do the symbols mean?

A)The mean of population 1 is equal to the mean of population 2.
B)The mean of population 1 is greater than the mean of population 2.
C)The mean of population 1 is less than the mean of population 2.
D)The mean of population 1 is not equal to the mean of population 2.

Question 55

You have been discussing a research project with your friend Jerri.Jerri has told you that her research hypothesis states, the mean of population 1 is less than the mean of population 2.How would you write this research hypothesis in symbols?

A)H₁ $\mu$ ₁ < $\mu$ ₂
B)H₀ $\mu$ ₁ < $\mu$ ₂
C)H₁ $\mu$ ₁ $\neq$ $\mu$ ₂
D)H₀ $\mu$ ₁ = $\mu$ ₂

Question 56

Using the Heinz ketchup example, write the following hypothesis in symbols : People are less willing to buy red ketchup than green ketchup.

A)H₁ $\mu$ _{red ketchup)} > $\mu$ _{green ketchup)}
B)H₀ $\mu$ _{red ketchup)} < $\mu$ _{green ketchup)}
C)H₁ $\mu$ _{red ketchup)} < $\mu$ _{green ketchup)}
D)H₀ $\mu$ _{red ketchup)} > $\mu$ _{green ketchup)}

Question 57

A research topic consists of a well formed idea.

Question 58

PsycINFO is the second largest research database in psychology.

Question 59

A research hypothesis can state all of the following except, .

A)there is a difference.
B)there will be an increase.
C)there will be a decrease.
D)there is no difference.

Question 60

According to the text, John believed that there were no differences in writing abilities between himself and Jenn.John is stating what kind of hypothesis?

A)null
B)directional
C)exhaustive
D)nondirectional

Question 61

In psychology, a hypothesis is an educated guess.

Question 62

Websites that end in .edu and .gov are the most reliable Internet websites.

Question 63

The null hypothesis is represented by the symbol H₀.

Question 64

The research hypothesis is represented by the symbol H₀.

Question 65

Publishers of websites with the .org can sometimes have hidden agendas and only present one-sided information.

Question 66

The research hypothesis is always the opposite of the null.

Question 67

The use of the word AND in a database search can increase the number of returned search results.

Question 68

The null hypothesis states that there is no difference between scores on dependent variables.

Question 69

PsycINFO provides only full text articles when searching.

Question 70

A researcher who's hypothesis predicts an increase or decrease is said to have a directional hypothesis.

Question 71

Websites that end in .com or .net are reliable sources of information for research.

Question 72

A researcher whose hypothesis predicts an increase or decrease is said to have a nondirectional hypothesis.

Question 73

The research hypothesis states that there is no difference between scores on dependent variables.

Question 74

PsycINFO is a larger database than PsycARTICLES.

Question 75

PsycArticles is the only full text electronic psychological database.

Question 76

Hypotheses that are the only possible outcomes for a study are said to be exhaustive.

Question 77

Hypotheses for a study must be both mutually exclusive and exhaustive.

Question 78

The Internet is always a good source of information for researchers.

Question 79

PsycINFO and PsycARTICLES are both developed and maintained by APA.

Question 80

When hypotheses are mutually exclusive they both are correct.