Deck 29: Nationalism in Asia, 1914-1939

Question 1

Why did Arab nationalists fight for the British in World War I?

A) They were promised a salary during the war and a pension after.
B) They were promised a home within the British Empire.
C) They were promised an independent Arab homeland.
D) They were promised passage to Australia.

Answer 1

They were promised an independent Arab homeland.

Question 2

Why are the children representing the Philippines and Cuba labeled "Guerilla" and "Cuban Ex-patriot" being disciplined by Uncle Sam in this illustration?

A) Many believed they were unfit for self-government.
B) They had been part of the rebellion against Spain that led to the Spanish-American War.
C) They were negatively influencing events in Hawaii and Puerto Rico.
D) They had resisted attempts at an American takeover of their governments.

Answer 2

Many believed they were unfit for self-government.

Question 3

What did some British Cabinet members hope would occur if they created a Jewish homeland in Palestine?

A) They hoped that someday the Jews would help them protect the Suez Canal.
B) They hoped that Jews would allow the British to establish military bases in their country.
C) They hoped they could use the Jews to negotiate lower oil prices.
D) They hoped that someday the Jews might want to settle in India.

Answer 3

They hoped that someday the Jews would help them protect the Suez Canal.

Question 4

For Asians, what was the most important aspect of President Wilson's Fourteen Points?

A) Educated Asians were particularly interested in Wilson's idea of national self-determination.
B) Most Asians were very excited about the prospect of the League of Nations.
C) West Asians, in particular, were very supportive of the mandates system.
D) The most important aspect to Asians was the promise of open diplomacy.

Question 5

What was Persia renamed in 1935?

A) Iran
B) Afghanistan
C) Turkmenistan
D) Azerbaijan

Question 6

Mustafa Kemal believed the restoration of Turkey should be based on which of the following?

A) Marxism-Leninism
B) Islamic fundamentalism
C) A constitutional monarchy
D) Modernization and secularization

Question 7

Which of the following appeared to be an immediate consequence of Arab cooperation with the British in World War I?

A) Arabs displaced Turks as the dominant group in the Ottoman Empire.
B) A large, independent Arab state was established.
C) Several independent Arab states were established.
D) Western imperialism took the place of Turkish rule in the Middle East.

Question 8

What was the stated intention of the mandates system?

A) To allow Western nations to trade mandates with each other
B) To fully absorb the mandates into European countries
C) To completely free mandates of any European presence
D) To prepare the mandates to be self-governing

Question 9

Mustafa Kemal took the surname Atatürk, which meant

A) "defender of the people."
B) "fighter of infidels."
C) "father of the Turks."
D) "leader."

Question 10

Who was responsible for the wholesale slaughter of Armenians during World War I?

A) Allied soldiers
B) The Turkish government
C) Serbian nationalists
D) Russian Bolsheviks

Question 11

Mustafa Kemal declared that Turkish law was going to be based on which of the following?

A) European secular law
B) Sacred shari'a law
C) The new Soviet law code
D) Traditional Turkish customs

Question 12

Which two groups forged an alliance in the Lucknow Pact?

A) Japanese military officers and Japan's central government
B) Filipino rebels and the Spanish government
C) The British government and Indian leaders
D) Indian Hindus and Muslims

Question 13

What was one of the goals of the Young Turks?

A) They were determined to destroy the Ottoman Empire.
B) They wanted to defeat Serbia, Greece, and Bulgaria.
C) They wanted to form an alliance with France to defend against Russian aggression.
D) They wanted to modernize, but still maintain, the Ottoman Empire.

Question 14

The Sykes-Picot Agreement between England and France called for which of the following?

A) The establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine
B) The division of the Ottoman Empire between the two Western powers
C) The establishment of the mandates system
D) The peaceful decolonization of western Asia

Question 15

How could Western imperialism be regarded in 1918?

A) It was much stronger than it had been in 1914.
B) It was essentially over in Asia but continuing in Africa.
C) It was weakened, but still very much alive.
D) It was essentially over in Africa but continuing in Asia.

Question 16

Mustafa Kemal sought to limit the influence of which of these on Turkish daily life?

A) The state
B) The military
C) Religion
D) Science

Question 17

What treaty formally recognized Turkish independence?

A) The Treaty of Versailles
B) The Treaty of Lausanne
C) The Balfour Declaration
D) The Sykes-Picot Agreement

Question 18

What document called for the establishment of the Jewish state in Palestine?

A) Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points
B) The Versailles peace settlement
C) The Balfour Declaration
D) The Lucknow Agreement

Question 19

Which of the following was true of the mandates system in the League of Nations?

A) It demonstrated that the West was committed to the modernization of its colonies.
B) It showed that the Europeans were committed to maintaining the imperial system.
C) It was generally well-received in Asia.
D) It was included at the request of Indian nationalists.

Question 20

What did Lenin declare about the Asian inhabitants of the new Soviet Union in 1917?

A) He said they were incapable of becoming real Communists.
B) He said they were the single greatest threat to Soviet security.
C) He said that they were complete equals of the Russians.
D) He said they could remain only if they were segregated from the rest of the population.

Question 21

According to Map 29.2, "The Chinese Communist Movement and the War with Japan, 1927-1938," Japan's occupation of Manchuria and Korea protected it from which of the following?

A) Mongolia
B) China
C) Taiwan
D) Soviet Union

Question 22

Which of the following is a loose translation of satyagraha?

A) "Soul force"
B) "Great soul"
C) "Self-rule"
D) "Free will"

Question 23

The modern nation of Iraq, shown in Map 29.1, occupies territory that was once part of which of the following?

A) Ancient Egypt
B) Indus civilization
C) Ancient Mesopotamia
D) The Balkans

Question 24

How did the Rowlatt Acts allow the British to rule India?

A) Through "emergency measures"
B) Along the lines of Hindu morality
C) By strictly capitalist interest
D) According to new liberal ideals

Question 25

How did South African leaders respond to Indians' demands for greater rights in 1914?

A) They began arresting and imprisoning scores of prominent Indians.
B) They executed more than four hundred Indians.
C) They responded by drafting thousands of Indians into the military.
D) After a long resistance, they agreed to many of the Indians' demands.

Question 26

According to the terms of Faisal bin Hussein's negotiations with the British, he became the ruler of Iraq and the British received what in return?

A) All tax revenues from the kingdom
B) More soldiers for their army
C) Control of the Iraqi oil fields
D) Protection for the Suez Canal

Question 27

Reza Shah Pahlavi proclaimed himself shah following which event?

A) The Kemal reforms in Turkey
B) The discovery of oil in Persia
C) His conversion to Christianity
D) A British attempt to take over Persia

Question 28

Why were the reforms of Reza Shah Pahlavi less successful than those of Kemal?

A) Persia lacked sufficient resources to finance Pahlavi's reform efforts.
B) There were too few European-educated elites in Persia to carry out secular changes.
C) Persia's religious leadership rejected his Marxist approach.
D) The German militarily interfered with Pahlavi's rule.

Question 29

What can be said of Mao Zedong's relationship with Chinese peasants based upon this photograph?

A) Local peasants supported Mao and his forces.
B) Mao's Communist forces had an antagonistic relationship with local peasants.
C) Mao saw little, if any, use for peasants.
D) Mao's manner of dress suggests a desire to assimilate into peasant culture.

Question 30

The British commander who ordered what became known as the Amritsar Massacre acted because Indians had gathered

A) on the day all public meetings had been banned.
B) to hear Mohandas "Mahatma" Gandhi speak.
C) to protest British repression.
D) in open defiance of the Rowlatt Acts.

Question 31

Why did Palestine become the destination of most Jewish immigrants after 1921?

A) The educated Arab population living there welcomed Jewish intellectuals.
B) The United States placed severe limits on immigration from eastern Europe.
C) Anti-Semitism among Arabs was in decline and businesses were cheap.
D) The Balfour Declaration was revoked by the League of Nations.

Question 32

According to Map 29.1, "The Partition of the Ottoman Empire, 1914-1923," which of the following is true of the states of Syria and Iraq?

A) They are located within the region typically referred to as the Balkans.
B) As mandates they were examples of postwar European imperialism in the Middle East.
C) It was within these states that most historians believe the First World War began.
D) They blocked Soviet access to the oil-rich Caucasus.

Question 33

As a result of discriminatory laws passed by British settlers, poor Indians in South Africa had to either return to India or do which of the following?

A) Enroll in an English-language school
B) Work on a plantation
C) Tend to cattle
D) Work as laborers in the diamond mines

Question 34

Afghanistan became an independent state under the rule of what leader?

A) Emir Amanullah
B) Mustafa Kemal
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Abdulla ibn-Ali

Question 35

What were Theodor Herzl's beliefs with regard to Judaism?

A) That Zionism was a grave threat to European Judaism
B) That the security of Jews could be obtained only if they moved to the United States
C) That all of Palestine should be given to the Jews
D) That only a Jewish state could guarantee Jews their dignity and security

Question 36

How did the Indian nationalist movement change under Mahatma Gandhi's leadership?

A) It became more violent and more militant.
B) Its appeal was restricted to the poor.
C) Its appeal was restricted to elites.
D) It appealed to Indians of all social classes.

Question 37

In 1916 leaders of the Congress Party and India's Muslim League signed what agreement?

A) The Bombay Agreement
B) The Rowlatt Acts
C) The Lucknow Pact
D) The Hyderabad Treaty

Question 38

After 1936, the British in Egypt agreed to keep their troops in what location?

A) Near the Nile
B) A base in Cairo
C) A base in the Sinai
D) The Suez Canal Zone

Question 39

In 1931 Gandhi and tens of thousands of Indians were beaten and jailed for what reason?

A) They had refused to take jobs working for the British.
B) They had refused to buy English cloth.
C) They were involved in a massive resistance campaign against the tax on salt.
D) They were protesting the liquor tax.

Question 40

Who was Yuan Shigai?

A) The founder of Chinese communism
B) The leader of the Boxer Rebellion
C) Jiang Jieshi's best general
D) A former Manchu general who led the first Chinese republic

Question 41

What challenges did Reza Shah Pahlavi face as he attempted to reform Persia?

Question 42

In China, what was the Long March?

A) The Communist offensive that ended with their taking of Beijing
B) The effort of 50,000 troops to defend the main Communist army at Kunlun Pass
C) Mao Zedong's symbolic description of the Communists' rise to power
D) A tactical Communist retreat during which tens of thousands lost their lives

Question 43

How did Mustafa Kemal's reforms of Turkey change the lives of women? Were any of the changes negative?

Question 44

Above all else, what did the Japanese ultranationalists support?

A) Overseas expansion
B) A complete rejection of Chinese Buddhism
C) Strict isolationism
D) The restoration of the emperor to power

Question 45

Describe the impact of World War I and the postwar settlement on the political boundaries and conflicts in the Middle East.

Question 46

What was the purpose of the Balfour Declaration, and what were its immediate complications?

Question 47

In the 1920s and 1930s, Japanese ultranationalists could be characterized by the fact that they

A) embraced large corporations.
B) sought to coexist with Marxists.
C) attempted to break from old cultural traditions and practices.
D) were violently anti-Western.

Question 48

Why did the Arabs feel betrayed by the British and the French at the end of World War I?

Question 49

What was the philosophical focus of China's New Culture Movement?

A) It advocated new, anti-Confucian virtues such as individualism.
B) It rejected Marxism-Leninism.
C) It sought a return to Confucian ethical government and society.
D) It promoted an ideological reconciliation between China and Japan.

Question 50

In the late nineteenth century, 80 percent of the Filipino population practiced what faith?

A) Catholicism
B) Buddhism
C) Islam
D) Hinduism

Question 51

What were the external factors that gave rise to ultranationalists in Japan?

Question 52

Where did the Chinese Nationalists establish their new capital in 1928?

A) Beijing
B) Nanjing
C) Shanghai
D) Canton

Question 53

Japan resigned from the League of Nations after the League objected to Japanese aggression in what country?

A) Korea
B) Vietnam
C) Manchuria
D) The Philippines

Question 54

Why was Gandhi able to win concessions from Great Britain using nonviolent tactics?

Question 55

How did the Young Turks inadvertently create Arab nationalism?

Question 56

Why was Turkey better able to modernize than Persia (Iran) after World War I?

Question 57

What event allowed the ultranationalists to assume a dominant position in Japan?

A) The signing of the Treaty of Versailles
B) The U.S. acquisition of the Philippines
C) The Japanese attack on Manchuria
D) The Great Depression

Question 58

In the first decades of the twentieth century, the Western ideologies of nationalism and Marxism were used by many Asians as weapons against Western imperialism. Why were these two ideologies useful in the struggle against imperialism? How does the history of China in this era exemplify this?

Question 59

In the first decades of the twentieth century, the British offered Indians several compromises to full self-rule. What were the British intentions?

Question 60

Who was the May Fourth Movement directed against?

A) Foreign missionaries
B) Chinese Communists
C) Warlords and imperialists
D) The Manchu Dynasty

Question 61

Use the following to answer questions:
Sykes-Picot Agreement

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 62

Use the following to answer questions:
zaibatsu

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 63

How did Mustafa Kemal transform Turkey? Was he successful?

Question 64

Use the following to answer questions:
New Culture Movement

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 65

Use the following to answer questions:
Treaty of Lausanne

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 66

Use the following to answer questions:
Permanent Mandates Commission

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 67

Use the following to answer questions:
Majlis

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 68

Use the following to answer questions:
satyagraha

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 69

Use the following to answer questions:
May Fourth Movement

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 70

"As in the West, Asian nationalism was both a creative and destructive force." Discuss this quote critically, being sure to indicate the positive and negative consequences of the movement.

Question 71

Use the following to answer questions:
Lucknow Pact

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 72

From 1911 until 1949, China was in a state of chaos. Why was it so difficult to rebuild a stable Chinese state after the collapse of the Qing Dynasty?

Question 73

Use the following to answer questions:
kibbutz

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 74

Use the following to answer questions:
Long March

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 75

Use the following to answer questions:
Balfour Declaration

A)A committee created by the League of Nations to oversee the developed nations' fulfillment of their international responsibility toward their decrees.
B)The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.
C)A 1917 statement by the British foreign secretary that supported the idea of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
D)The 1923 treaty that ended the Turkish war and recognized the territorial integrity of a truly independent Turkey.
E)The national assembly established by the despotic shah of Iran in 1906.
F)A Jewish collective farm, first established by Zionists in Palestine, on which each member shared equally in the work, rewards, and defense.
G)A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
H)Loosely translated as "soul force," which Gandhi believed was the means of striving for truth and social justice through love, suffering, and conversion of the oppressor.
I)A Chinese nationalist movement against foreign imperialists and warlord rule; it began as a 1919 student protest against the decision of the Paris Peace Conference to leave the Shandong Peninsula in the hands of Japan.
J)An intellectual revolution beginning in 1916 that attacked traditional Chinese, particularly Confucian, culture and promoted Western ideas of science, democracy, and individualism.
K)Giant conglomerate firms established in Japan beginning in the Meiji period and lasting until the end of World War II.
L)The 6,000-mile retreat of the Chinese Communist army in 1934 to a remote region on the northwestern border of China, during which tens of thousands lost their lives.

Question 76

World War I and the Treaty of Versailles had a profound impact on the historical development of Asia. Describe this impact. Can an argument be made that even without the experience of World War I and the Versailles settlement, independence and change would have taken place in Asia anyway?