Deck 9: Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality

Question 1

The case of Sandra (who had forgotten, and later remembered, being abused by her father)is an example of

A)repression.
B)reaction formation.
C)sublimation.
D)denial.

Answer 1

repression.

Question 2

The death instinct is also called

A)wham.
B)Zeus.
C)Eros.
D)thanatos.

Answer 2

thanatos.

Question 3

According to Freud, the mind is the part of the mind that contains all the information that you are not currently thinking about, but could easily bring to mind.

A)unconscious
B)preconscious
C)conscious
D)metacognitive

Answer 3

preconscious

Question 4

You are answering this question. Therefore, Freud would say the information is in the ________ mind.

A)preconscious
B)metacognitive
C)conscious
D)unconscious

Question 5

Freud's idea of instincts was probably most influenced by

A)Galileo.
B)Darwin.
C)Helmholtz.
D)Jung.

Question 6

Freud used the metaphor of a(n)_ _ to describe the three parts of the mind.

A)mountain
B)glacier
C)forest
D)iceberg

Question 7

Freud lived most of his life in

A)New York.
B)Munich.
C)London.
D)Vienna.

Question 8

According to Freud, the amount of psychic energy in a person

A)increases with age.
B)decreases with age.
C)always remains constant.
D)changes when personality changes.

Question 9

Lou spends most of his time thinking about Priscilla, the love of his life. This had led to Lou neglecting his course work. From a Freudian perspective Lou's neglect of his school work most likely is due to

A)his lack of interest in the courses.
B)his fixed amount of psychic energy.
C)his very strong libido.
D)sublimation of his aggressive thoughts.

Question 10

Before psychoanalysis, Freud did research in the field of

A)spiritualism.
B)philosophy.
C)geology.
D)neurology.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT part of Freud's model of the mind?

A)Unconscious mind
B)Conscious mind
C)Metacognitive mind
D)Preconscious mind

Question 12

If a man invests most of his death instinct in a socially acceptable behaviour (like football), Freud would expect that person to be

A)fixated in the oral stage.
B)fixated in the anal stage.
C)less aggressive in other ways.
D)more aggressive in other ways.

Question 13

Freud published his first book, "The Interpretation of Dreams," in

A)1900.
B)1910.
C)1885.
D)1925.

Question 14

According to Freud, the mind is the part of the mind that contains thoughts and feelings of which you are currently aware.

A)unconscious
B)preconscious
C)metacognitive
D)conscious

Question 15

refers to the instinct for aggression and destruction.

A)Thanatos
B)Libido
C)The unconscious
D)The superego

Question 16

I ask you to recall your mother's maiden name. This information resides in the ________ mind, according to Freud.

A)preconscious
B)metacognitive
C)conscious
D)unconscious

Question 17

Freud's two basic instincts are ________ and _.

A)love; sex
B)ego; id
C)yin; yang
D)sex; aggression

Question 18

The Freudian idea of is basic to most psychotherapies.

A)case studies
B)dream analysis
C)free association
D)the talking cure

Question 19

The life instincts are typically called

A)catharsis.
B)Eros.
C)lustatos.
D)libido.

Question 20

The is the part of the mind about which the conscious mind has no awareness.

A)superego
B)conscious
C)unconscious
D)ego

Question 21

The ego operates

A)on the pleasure principle.
B)with primary process thinking.
C)on the anxiety principle.
D)on the reality principle.

Question 22

Which part of the mind operates on the pleasure principle?

A)Ego
B)Id
C)Preconscious
D)Superego

Question 23

Which of the following statements about the id, ego, and superego is true?

A)The id, ego, and superego operate completely independently.
B)The id, ego, and superego are always interacting.
C)The ego is always subservient to both the id and superego.
D)The superego must manage the demands of both the ego and the id.

Question 24

The most primitive part of the mind is the

A)preconscious mind.
B)ego.
C)superego.
D)id.

Question 25

If the id cannot find the external object to satisfy its desires, it will

A)delegate finding the appropriate object to the superego.
B)create a fantasy object to replace the object.
C)search until it finds the appropriate object.
D)use reason and logic to substitute an alternate object.

Question 26

involves developing strategies for problem solving and satisfying urges.

A)Primary process thinking
B)The phallic stage
C)The superego
D)Secondary process thinking

Question 27

Freud believed that when his female patients reported being sexually seduced as children, the patients were probably

A)telling the truth.
B)fulfilling unconscious wishes with fantasies.
C)repressing the truth.
D)engaged in sublimation.

Question 28

The process whereby an image of something unavailable is used to satisfy an urge is known as

A)wish fulfillment.
B)projection.
C)the id.
D)secondary process thinking.

Question 29

Which part of the mind engages in secondary process thinking?

A)Id
B)Superego
C)Conscious
D)Ego

Question 30

According to Freud, the mind is the part of the mind that contains unacceptable information that can only be brought into awareness with great effort.

A)preconscious
B)unconscious
C)conscious
D)metacognitive

Question 31

As unconscious thoughts, feelings, and urges can take on a life of their own, Freud called this part of the mind the unconscious.

A)collective
B)motivated
C)emotional
D)universal

Question 32

The phenomenon of unconscious decision making is referred to by psychologists as

A)the "let me think on it" effect.
B)contemplation-without-attention.
C)deliberation-without-attention.
D)incubation.

Question 33

Which of the following would most likely be an indicator of the id operating on an individual's behaviour?

A)Mike will wait to have twice as much later.
B)James will wait to find out what his parents think.
C)Andrew knows he has to wait for his turn.
D)David has to have it, and have it right now.

Question 34

The is concerned with making a person do what is morally right.

A)ego
B)superego
C)preconscious
D)id

Question 35

Thinking without the logical rules of conscious thought is known as

A)secondary process thinking.
B)moral reasoning.
C)primary process thinking.
D)defence mechanisms.

Question 36

The phenomenon of 'blindsight' has been interpreted as evidence for

A)the unconscious.
B)the id.
C)bilateralization.
D)the preconscious.

Question 37

Freudian slips are

A)a result of the motivated unconscious.
B)only observed in heterosexual men.
C)a motivated loss of coordination.
D)true accidents that are usually socially unacceptable.

Question 38

Which of the following parts of the mind is bound by reality?

A)Ego
B)Id
C)Superego
D)Conscious

Question 39

Which part of personality redirects energy from potentially problematic and unacceptable outlets into more appropriate outlets?

A)Sublimator
B)Ego
C)Id
D)Superego

Question 40

Freud believed that _ _ occurred by accident.

A)nothing
B)superego development
C)everything
D)embarrassing things usually

Question 41

A conflict between the id and the ego results in anxiety.

A)moral
B)objective
C)social
D)neurotic

Question 42

is the defence mechanism that prevents unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and urges from reaching consciousness.

A)Denial
B)Repression
C)Projection
D)Sublimation

Question 43

describes channeling an unacceptable impulse to a more acceptable target.

A)Projection
B)Denial
C)Displacement
D)Repression

Question 44

Soo Ling refuses to believe that her boyfriend broke up with her. From a Freudian perspective, what defence mechanism may be operating?

A)Reaction formation
B)Projection
C)Repression
D)Denial

Question 45

The ego uses to deal with anxiety.

A)defence mechanisms
B)wish fulfillment
C)fantasy
D)reality

Question 46

Marco was in a terrible car accident at a young age, but has no memory of the event today. According to Freudian theory, which defence mechanism is likely operating?

A)Sublimation
B)Repression
C)Denial
D)Reaction formation

Question 47

A person who has a well-balanced mind, one that is free from anxiety, will typically have a

A)strong ego.
B)weak collective unconscious.
C)strong superego.
D)very weak id.

Question 48

You are walking down the street and encounter a large, angry dog that growls and bares its teeth at you. You are experiencing anxiety.

A)neurotic
B)objective
C)traumatic
D)canine

Question 49

Jessica tries to be the perfect business woman. She works extraordinarily long hours, is extremely conscientious, and tries to be a good role model to her employees. However, no matter how many kudos she earns, raises she receives, and professional awards she earns Jessica feels anxiety about her performance and is constantly worried about getting fired.

A)objective
B)neurotic
C)moral
D)social

Question 50

Daydreaming can be an expression of

A)repression.
B)denial.
C)projection.
D)sublimation.

Question 51

Mark is a deacon at his church, but feels guilty that he is setting a bad example for the congregation by enjoying an occasional beer. He is suffering from anxiety.

A)moral
B)objective
C)histrionic
D)neurotic

Question 52

The is responsible for balancing the demands of reality and the other parts of the mind.

A)ego
B)superego
C)Oedipal conflict
D)id

Question 53

Anxiety that is experienced in response to an external threat was called ________ anxiety by Freud.

A)histrionic
B)neurotic
C)objective
D)moral

Question 54

Defence mechanisms have all of these properties EXCEPT they

A)operate unconsciously.
B)are the result of ego functioning.
C)are secondary processes.
D)require psychic energy.

Question 55

A person who ignores some unpleasant part of his or her environment is exhibiting

A)denial.
B)projection.
C)repression.
D)reaction formation.

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT a type of anxiety described by Freud?

A)Inferiority
B)Objective
C)Moral
D)Neurotic

Question 57

According to Freud, anxiety is typically the result of the control of the being threatened.

A)superego
B)ego
C)id
D)archetype

Question 58

Yang is lost in a major city and will likely be late for an important job interview. He is most likely experiencing anxiety.

A)moral
B)geographic
C)neurotic
D)objective

Question 59

A conflict between the superego and the ego is experienced as anxiety.

A)objective
B)social
C)moral
D)neurotic

Question 60

According to Freud, is unpleasant and indicates that the control of the ego is threatened.

A)sublimation
B)anxiety
C)reality
D)projection

Question 61

According to Freud, the most adaptive defence mechanism is

A)sublimation.
B)repression.
C)projection.
D)reaction formation.

Question 62

Someone replaces one impulse with its opposite (e.g., love for hate). What defence mechanism may be at work?

A)Reaction formation
B)Projection
C)Sublimation
D)Repression

Question 63

A man who crusades against pornography even though his id loves pornography demonstrates

A)sublimation.
B)repression.
C)projection.
D)reaction formation.

Question 64

Repressors tend to have memories of emotional events compared to nonrepressors.

A)more detailed
B)similar
C)better
D)worse

Question 65

Recent studies of repression have been Freud's ideas.

A)in complete agreement
B)unrelated to
C)generally consistent with
D)generally inconsistent with

Question 66

A politician who is a closeted gay man but engages in anti-gay-and-lesbian campaigns would likely be demonstrating which defence mechanism?

A)sublimation
B)denial
C)projection
D)repression

Question 67

refers to the channeling of unacceptable urges into socially desirable activities.

A)Substitution
B)Subjugation
C)Subcortical
D)Sublimation

Question 68

Freud thought that the skyscrapers of New York City might be the result of

A)reaction formation.
B)repression.
C)projection.
D)sublimation.

Question 69

Curtis is romantically infatuated with his favourite pop singer. He has all of her recordings, has made his apartment into a shrine for her, and reads everything he can about her. One day he happens to see her on the street and he tries to talk to her, only to be coldly rebuffed by her. Curtis goes home and throws out everything having to do with her. The defence mechanism Curtis is experiencing is

A)displacement.
B)reaction formation.
C)denial.
D)projection.

Question 70

Miasha looks around her apartment and sees her clothes scattered about, her lunch dishes sitting in the sink, and her bed unmade. When her roommates complain about her lack of cleanliness, she calls them all slobs and leaves quite angry. Miasha is using the defence mechanism of

A)projection.
B)repression.
C)sublimation.
D)reaction formation.

Question 71

Recent empirical studies of repression have defined repressors as in anxiety and in defensiveness.

A)low; high
B)high; low
C)low; low
D)high; high

Question 72

Making excuses or acceptable explanations for unacceptable behaviour is an example of

A)rationalization.
B)reaction formation.
C)displacement.
D)projection.

Question 73

When we see negative qualities that we possess in others, it could be the result of

A)denial.
B)displacement.
C)projection.
D)reaction formation.

Question 74

An 8-year-old girl's hatred of a mean teacher would most likely be to a toy.

A)rationalized
B)displaced
C)projected
D)regressed

Question 75

Recent studies of repression have shown that repressors report levels of subjective anxiety and levels of physiological arousal when exposed to sexual
Or aggressive phrases.

A)low; high
B)high; high
C)low; low
D)high; low

Question 76

If a man unconsciously redirects anger he felt toward his boss to his wife when he returns home from work, it would be an example of

A)displacement.
B)projection.
C)reaction formation.
D)sublimation.

Question 77

If a woman consciously redirected anger she felt toward her boss to chopping wood when she returned home from work, it would be an example of

A)sublimation.
B)reaction formation.
C)displacement.
D)projection.

Question 78

A person sitting next to you in class gets a low grade on this exam. When you discuss the exam results, the person blames their performance on the difficulty of the material, their lack of belief in psychoanalytic theory, lack of the necessity to have this knowledge in the future, belief that the material is irrelevant, etc. This student may be using the Freudian defence mechanism of to explain his or her poor behaviour.

A)reaction formation
B)repression
C)regression
D)rationalization

Question 79

Jerry loves to party and thinks everyone else enjoys partying as much as he does. He is demonstrating the effect.

A)false consensus
B)social facilitation
C)object relations
D)Zeigarnik

Question 80

A person has no memory of a horrible accident. What defence mechanism may be at work?

A)repression
B)reaction formation
C)projection
D)regression