Deck 19: Disorders of Personality

Question 1

is defined as enduring patterns of behaviour or experience that differs greatly from the expectations of a person's culture.

A)A disorder
B)A personality disorder
C)Abnormal psychology
D)Psychopathy

Answer 1

A personality disorder

Question 2

Modern theorists believe the view of personality disorders provides a reliable and meaningful way of describing _.

A)categorical; extreme forms of normal personality traits
B)dimensional; extreme forms of normal personality traits
C)categorical; qualitative breaks between normal and abnormal personality
D)dimensional; qualitative breaks between normal and abnormal personality

Answer 2

dimensional; extreme forms of normal personality traits

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a reason why motives are important in understanding maladaptive personality disorders?

A)an extreme need for superiority is found in individuals with narcissistic personality disorder.
B)individuals with maladaptive personality disorders may have a lack of motivation for intimacy.
C)variations in normal personality traits are not related to maladaptive personality disorders.
D)an exaggerated need for power at high levels may result in a maladaptive personality disorder.

Answer 3

variations in normal personality traits are not related to maladaptive personality disorders.

Question 4

Chinn has just immigrated to Toronto, Ontario from Singapore. He seems depressed and quite withdrawn. A friend suggests that he makes an appointment with a psychologist. Chinn's problems are most likely the result of

A)an antisocial personality disorder.
B)his basic personality traits.
C)the narcissistic Canadian culture.
D)his recent immigration to Toronto.

Question 5

Which of the following is one of the biggest problems in using social and statistical definitions of abnormal?

A)Every person is unique.
B)It is difficult to determine what behaviours are not acceptable in a society.
C)It is difficult to collect data on atypical behaviours.
D)Societal norms change over time.

Question 6

A behavioural problem is not considered a personality disorder if it

A)is an enduring pattern of behaviour.
B)leads to clinically significant stress.
C)is the result of drug abuse.
D)has been evident since childhood.

Question 7

Men tend to have more personality disorders than women in which they

A)exhibit obsessive-compulsive behaviours like repeatedly checking locks.
B)exhibit narcissistic behaviours like self-aggrandizement.
C)internalize behaviours like depression and self-harm.
D)externalize behaviours like fighting and violence.

Question 8

The statistical definition of abnormal focuses on

A)ways standard personality traits can be seen as abnormal.
B)ways that behaviours cause the community to suffer.
C)characteristics that are rare in the population.
D)ways that behaviour cause an individual to suffer.

Question 9

The field of psychology mainly studies mental disorders.

A)differential
B)abnormal
C)social
D)health

Question 10

Kody Scott, a gang member nicknamed "Monster," is a violent person who craves excitement, fears nothing, and has no guilt or remorse. Scott most likely has ________
Personality disorder.

A)antisocial
B)schizotypal
C)narcissistic
D)paranoid

Question 11

Personality disorders can be thought of as

A)exaggerated levels of cognitive activity.
B)extreme levels of emotionality unaffected by personality traits.
C)special categories of abnormal personality traits.
D)maladaptive variations or combinations of normal personality traits.

Question 12

According to , a person either has a disorder or does not.

A)the dimensional view
B)the neurotic paradox
C)the categorical view
D)abnormal psychologists

Question 13

Adolescents who experiment with different identities

A)will most likely have narcissistic personality disorder.
B)will most likely have histrionic personality disorder.
C)will most likely grow out of this stage.
D)will most likely have borderline personality disorder.

Question 14

A psychologist should be especially hesitant before diagnosing a personality disorder in all of these groups EXCEPT

A)adolescent populations.
B)immigrant populations.
C)adults undergoing a severe loss.
D)criminal populations.

Question 15

Psychological definitions of abnormality focus on

A)behaviour patterns that put people at higher risk for problems.
B)how rare personality characteristics are.
C)the objective experience of people.
D)social definitions of abnormality.

Question 16

The states that there is a qualitative break between abnormal and normal personalities.

A)narcissistic paradox
B)dimensional view
C)categorical view
D)neurotic paradox

Question 17

Personality disorders usually include the problems below, EXCEPT for

A)emotional problems.
B)difficulties with social relationships.
C)deficits in intelligence.
D)problems with self-concept.

Question 18

A characteristic common to all personality disorders is

A)avoidance of social situations.
B)indifference to social rules.
C)impaired social relations.
D)an erratic pattern of behaviour.

Question 19

The DSM-5 is

A)a manual that describes categories of mental disorders.
B)a personality disorder.
C)a statistical technique to determine validity.
D)a gene related to dopamine.

Question 20

According to the dimensional view of personality disorders each disorder

A)has a different mean level of abnormality in the population.
B)is seen as a continuum ranging from normality at one end to severe disability and disturbance at the other.
C)is seen as a quantitative break between abnormal and normal personalities.
D)is bimodal, with both normal and abnormal modes of behaviours.

Question 21

Research suggests that, as compared to other people, in fearful situations psychopaths

A)exhibit smaller physiological reactions.
B)self-report less fear.
C)self-report more fear.
D)exhibit larger physiological reactions.

Question 22

The social learning perspective on antisocial personality disorder suggests that

A)people with antisocial personality disorder are unconcerned with power.
B)people with antisocial personality disorder were likely abused as children.
C)people with antisocial personality disorder were that way since infancy.
D)Both "people with antisocial personality disorder were likely abused as children" and "people with antisocial personality disorder are unconcerned with power."

Question 23

Antisocial personality disorder is associated with

A)hallucinations in childhood.
B)paranoid behaviour in childhood
C)withdrawn behaviour in childhood.
D)aggression and cruelty in childhood.

Question 24

Using Gray's theory to explain the antisocial personality disorder, we might hypothesize that such psychopaths have a

A)weak BIS.
B)strong BAS
C)strong BIS.
D)weak BAS.

Question 25

Impairments in emotional perception in individuals with borderline personality disorder increase the risk for

A)depression.
B)self-harm.
C)suicidal ideation.
D)social isolation.

Question 26

Mark walked by a car he liked and just decided to steal it. After he was incarcerated for his crime, Mark confided to his cellmate that he did not plan to take the car in advance, and did not even look in the back seat where Detective Johnson was taking a nap. Mark most likely has personality disorder.

A)histrionic
B)schizoid
C)borderline
D)antisocial

Question 27

People with personality disorder have unstable emotions, relationships, and images of themselves.

A)narcissistic
B)borderline
C)dependent
D)schizotypal

Question 28

People with others to suffer.
_ personality disorder are unlikely to feel remorse if they cause

A)histrionic
B)avoidant
C)antisocial
D)schizoid

Question 29

Lillian has been married three times, she has trouble keeping a job for more than a couple of years, and is very emotionally unstable. Lillian most likely has ________ personality disorder.

A)antisocial
B)schizoid
C)histrionic
D)borderline

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a trait related to antisocial personality disorder?

A)Irresponsibility
B)Recklessness
C)Superficial charm
D)Excessive attention-seeking

Question 31

From the social learning perspective, antisocial personality disorder may be the result of

A)desensitization and repetition of antisocial behaviours.
B)operant conditioning of the behavioural inhibition system.
C)the presence of a strong behavioural inhibition system.
D)having an extremely strong fear response.

Question 32

People with personality disorder are likely to have romantic relationships that are intense and unstable.

A)borderline
B)dependent
C)antisocial
D)schizoid

Question 33

The lives of individuals with borderline personality disorders are primarily marked by

A)insanity.
B)impotence.
C)insecurity.
D)instability.

Question 34

People with psychopaths.
Personality disorders have also been described as sociopaths or

A)obsessive-compulsive
B)borderline
C)schizoid
D)antisocial

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of antisocial personality disorder?

A)Impulsivity.
B)Little concern for others.
C)Lack of guilt.
D)Strong emotions.

Question 36

Some researchers have theorized that one cause of be an inability to experience fear.
_ personality disorder might

A)paranoid
B)antisocial
C)schizoid
D)histrionic

Question 37

If a child does not display signs of conduct disorder by the age of 16, it is very

A)likely that that he or she will develop avoidant personality disorder.
B)likely that he or she will develop antisocial personality disorder.
C)unlikely that he or she will develop avoidant personality disorder.
D)unlikely that he or she will develop antisocial personality disorder.

Question 38

Ron is 11 years old and enjoys nothing better than torturing snakes. He also defiantly disobeys his parents and frequently stays out almost all night. Ron most likely has ________ personality disorder.

A)antisocial
B)schizotypal
C)schizoid
D)histrionic

Question 39

Individuals with which of the following personality disorders might attempt suicide or self-mutilation in an attempt to manipulate people with whom they have relationships?

A)Borderline
B)Histrionic
C)Schizoid
D)Dependent

Question 40

Individuals with antisocial personality disorder who are both highly irritable and highly impulsive are at greater risk for

A)suicidal behaviour.
B)anxiety disorders.
C)incarceration.
D)depression.

Question 41

When shown a mildly sad facial expression, individuals with borderline personality disorder are more likely to interpret it

A)as happy
B)accurately
C)as neutral.
D)as intensely sad.

Question 42

personality disorder is thought to be the result of abuse in early childhood.

A)Borderline
B)Histrionic
C)Dependent
D)Obsessive-compulsive

Question 43

Individuals with personality disorder have also been shown to have difficulty accurately recalling events from the past.

A)histrionic
B)borderline
C)antisocial
D)narcissistic

Question 44

Roger always has to be the centre of attention. Often he will seek attention by being overly dramatic. He always has an opinion about everything, even if he does not know what he is talking about. Roger most likely has a(n)personality disorder.

A)borderline
B)histrionic
C)dependent
D)impulsive

Question 45

Glen Close's character in the movie "Fatal Attraction" most likely has a ________ personality disorder.

A)narcissistic
B)borderline
C)dependent
D)schizotypal

Question 46

Kim has an extremely strong sense of entitlement. She believes she is the most important supervisor in her firm. She routinely expects that her employees give her praise and adulation. Kim most likely has personality disorder.

A)dependent
B)histrionic
C)narcissistic
D)schizoid

Question 47

The following are all things a person married to an individual with borderline personality disorder may do to help form a stable relationship with their partner EXCEPT

A)Provide structure and support.
B)Meets expectations for commitment.
C)Be accepting and stable.
D)Concentrate on trouble as it occurs.

Question 48

When shown a neutral facial expression, individuals with borderline personality disorder are more likely to interpret it as

A)either happy or sad.
B)intensely sad.
C)happy.
D)sad.

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of people with histrionic personality disorder?

A)Shallow opinions
B)Strong emotions
C)Suspiciousness
D)Strong need for attention

Question 50

People with personality disorder tend to have difficulty correctly identifying neutral facial expressions.

A)antisocial
B)dependent
C)histrionic
D)borderline

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of borderline personality disorder?

A)Aggressiveness
B)Prone to self-harm
C)Strong emotions
D)Detachment from social relationships

Question 52

If a child comes to believe that other people are not to be trusted, he or she may be at risk of developing a(n)personality disorder.

A)obsessive-compulsive
B)narcissistic
C)borderline
D)histrionic

Question 53

People with inappropriate ways.
Personality disorder are often sexually provocative in

A)obsessive-compulsive
B)borderline
C)schizotypal
D)histrionic

Question 54

The paradox refers to the finding that some people have apparently high self-esteem, but actually are very emotionally fragile.

A)narcissistic
B)neurotic
C)dependent
D)histrionic

Question 55

Canadian research had indicated that compared to controls, individuals with borderline personality disorder are less accurate when asked to classify facial expressions that are

A)mildly sad.
B)intense.
C)neutral.
D)Both "neutral" and "mildly sad."

Question 56

If a woman who wears an excessive amount of carefully applied makeup, an overly elaborate hairstyle, and flashy clothes has a personality disorder, it is most likely a(n) ________ personality disorder.

A)antisocial
B)borderline
C)histrionic
D)dependent

Question 57

People with personality disorder often achieve much because of their drive and ambition.

A)narcissistic
B)schizoid
C)dependent
D)antisocial

Question 58

Many researchers believe that borderline personality disorder is caused by

A)childhood physical or sexual abuse or an early loss of love from parents.
B)being very spoiled as a child.
C)desensitization to the emotions of other individuals.
D)a strong behavioural activating system.

Question 59

Histrionic individuals are difficult to get along with due to their excessive need for

A)achievement.
B)power.
C)attention.
D)intimacy.

Question 60

A person with a need to be admired and an inflated sense of self-importance most likely has personality disorder.

A)antisocial
B)borderline
C)narcissistic
D)schizoid

Question 61

Gerta suspects that her husband is being unfaithful. She goes to great lengths to find support for her jealous beliefs despite that there is no evidence to show that he is cheating. Her husband cannot do anything to quell her jealous beliefs. Gerta's pathological jealousy is probably related to personality disorder.

A)schizotypal
B)histrionic
C)antisocial
D)paranoid

Question 62

People with personality disorder tend to be distrustful of others and see others as constant threats.

A)paranoid
B)histrionic
C)avoidant
D)antisocial

Question 63

A person who experiences odd sensations that border on hallucinations most likely has ________ personality disorder.

A)schizotypal
B)antisocial
C)avoidant
D)schizoid

Question 64

Which of the following traits is NOT one of the traits Mason and his colleagues have developed to measure schizotypal personality disorder?

A)Conformity
B)Unusual experiences
C)Tendency to avoid people
D)Cognitive disorganization

Question 65

People who have avoidant personality disorder

A)have an aloof interactional style.
B)have extremely high self-esteem.
C)restrict their activities to avoid embarrassment.
D)reject any external criticism of their behaviour.

Question 66

People with personality disorder are motivated by feelings of inadequacy and sensitivity to criticism.

A)avoidant
B)schizoid
C)obsessive-compulsive
D)antisocial

Question 67

Which of the following is a characteristic of the avoidant personality disorder?

A)Lack of concern for other people.
B)Feelings of inadequacy.
C)Seeks reassurance from others.
D)Strong pathological jealousy.

Question 68

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of schizotypal personality disorder?

A)Suspiciousness.
B)A propensity to be jealous.
C)Odd and unusual habits.
D)Anxiety in social situations.

Question 69

Elika refuses to complete her term paper. She is very worried about the reaction of her professor to her ideas that are diametrically opposed to his ideas about a topic in psychology. Her refusal to complete this paper is probably a sign that she has a(n)
________ personality disorder.

A)nervous
B)histrionic
C)avoidant
D)distressed

Question 70

The paradox refers to behaviour patterns that avoid one problem, but create other problems.

A)neurotic
B)disorder
C)schizoid
D)narcissistic

Question 71

Individuals with a schizoid personality disorder

A)have strong emotions.
B)appear socially clumsy.
C)have an inflated sense of self-importance.
D)have suspicions of other people.

Question 72

People who feel anxious because they feel they do not fit into social groups most likely have personality disorder.

A)antisocial
B)borderline
C)schizoid
D)schizotypal

Question 73

Reporter Maggie Scarf argued that the Ted Kaczynski began mailing bombs to people because

A)he was not very smart.
B)he wanted attention, even if it was negative.
C)his sense of self-esteem was threatened.
D)he had antisocial personality disorder.

Question 74

People with personality disorder most likely experience little pleasure from sex or eating.

A)avoidant
B)antisocial
C)histrionic
D)schizoid

Question 75

Scarf has argued that the "Unabomber" Ted Kaczynski has disorder.
______ personality

A)antisocial
B)borderline
C)narcissistic
D)avoidant

Question 76

Francis believes in ghosts and spends much of his time going to séances, reading about ghosts, and visiting haunted houses. If Francis had a personality disorder, it most likely would be a(n)_ personality disorder.

A)schizoid
B)histrionic
C)eccentric
D)schizotypal

Question 77

Sam has just relocated to New York City after growing up on a farm in rural Nebraska. He has great difficulty in adapting to life in the big city and appears socially numb and passive. Sam's behaviour is

A)related to schizotypal type behaviours.
B)a representative of avoidant personality disorder.
C)diagnosed as antisocial personality disorder.
D)mimicking schizoid personality disorder.

Question 78

People who have narcissistic personality disorder

A)tend to be very suggestible.
B)have shallow opinions about issues.
C)generally do not achieve much in life.
D)are insensitive to the needs of others.

Question 79

A person with a paranoid personality disorder would most likely

A)accuse his or her spouse of cheating on them.
B)disregard the feelings of his or her spouse.
C)leave his or her spouse to pursue short-term sexual relationships.
D)abuse his or her spouse without remorse.

Question 80

People with personality disorder are more likely to stare at other people without initiating any social interaction.

A)obsessive-compulsive
B)schizotypal
C)schizoid
D)avoidant