Question 1

The nurse has just completed the intravenous administration of a drug to a patient for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.What antiemetic drug has the patient received?&#10;A)granisetron&#10;B)lorazepam&#10;C)dexamethasone&#10;D)prochlorperazine

Accepted Answer

Granisetron hydrochloride (Kytril),palonosetron (Aloxi),and ondansetron (Zofran)are beneficial in preventing nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy.Lorazepam is an anxiolytic,and dexamethasone is a corticosteroid.Prochlorperazine is an antidopaminergic medication.

Question 2

A patient with motion sickness is planning a cross-country car trip to attend a family reunion.What medication will the nurse tell the patient prevents motion sickness?&#10;A)meclizine&#10;B)ondansetron&#10;C)promethazine&#10;D)prochlorperazine

Accepted Answer

Meclizine hydrochloride is indicated as prophylaxis for motion sickness.

Question 3

Which statement is correct regarding the management of nausea and vomiting?&#10;A)Give antiemetics immediately after chemotherapy is administered.&#10;B)Antiemetics are often administered 30 to 60 minutes before a chemotherapy drug is given.&#10;C)Taking antiemetics at night may cause restlessness and interfere with sleep.&#10;D)Antiemetics may be taken with a glass of wine to help settle the stomach.

Accepted Answer

Antiemetics should be given before any chemotherapy drug is administered,often 30 to 60 minutes before treatment.Antiemetics are given before,not after chemotherapy is administered.Most antiemetics cause drowsiness,and taking antiemetics with alcohol may increase central nervous system (CNS)depression.

Question 4

A patient who has been newly diagnosed with vertigo will be taking an antihistamine antiemetic drug.What is important for the nurse to emphasize when teaching the patient about this drug?&#10;A)Doses may be skipped if the patient is feeling well.&#10;B)Because of possible drowsiness, the patient should avoid driving.&#10;C)The patient may experience transient taste problems.&#10;D)It is safe to take the dose with a glass of wine in the evening to help settle the stomach.

Accepted Answer

Because drowsiness may occur as a result of CNS depression and possible sedation,patients taking this drug should avoid driving or working with heavy machinery.The medication should be taken as instructed and not skipped.Transient taste problems are not an adverse effect of antihistamine antiemetic drugs.These drugs should not be taken with alcohol or other CNS depressants because of possible additive depressant effects.

Question 5

Which antiemetic drug works by blocking dopamine in the chemoreceptor trigger zone,causing the zone to be desensitized to impulses received from the gastrointestinal tract?&#10;A)ondansetron&#10;B)metoclopramide&#10;C)meclizine&#10;D)prochlorperazine

Accepted Answer

Prokinetic drugs,particularly metoclopramide,work by blocking dopamine in the chemoreceptor trigger zone,causing the zone to be desensitized to impulses received from the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 6

A patient receiving chemotherapy is prescribed ondansetron (Zofran)for treatment of nausea.Which is an adverse effect of this antiemetic drug?&#10;A)Dizziness&#10;B)Headache&#10;C)Dry mouth&#10;D)Blurred vision

Accepted Answer

Headache is an adverse effect of the serotonin blockers,in addition to diarrhea,rash,bronchospasm,and prolonged QT interval.

Question 7

Which primary anticholinergic medication is used as an antiemetic?&#10;A)Meclizine hydrochloride&#10;B)Prochlorperazine&#10;C)Scopolamine hydrobromide&#10;D)Metoclopramide hydrochloride

Accepted Answer

Scopolamine hydrobromide injection is the primary anticholinergic drug used as an antiemetic.It has potent effects on the vestibular nuclei,which are within the area of the brain that controls balance.

Question 8

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)is an antiemetic used for treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with which situation?&#10;A)M&#233;ni&#232;re's disease&#10;B)Motion sickness&#10;C)Chemotherapy treatment&#10;D)Surgical treatment

Accepted Answer

THC is approved for treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.

Question 9

A patient is experiencing intractable hiccups.Which drug will the nurse expect to administer to this patient?&#10;A)metoclopramide&#10;B)prochlorperazine&#10;C)scopolamine&#10;D)granisetron

Accepted Answer

Prochlorperazine,indications for the use of which include psychotic disorders and intractable hiccups,as well as nausea and vomiting.

Question 10

Which antiemetic drug is effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced and postoperative nausea and vomiting?&#10;A)meclizine&#10;B)ondansetron&#10;C)scopolamine&#10;D)diphenhydramine

Accepted Answer

Serotonin blockers such as ondansetron have proved to be very effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced and postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Deck 41: Antiemetic and Anti-nausea Drugs