Deck 13: Dental Cements

Question 1

For which of the following cements is the powder dispensed in four to six portions on one end of a glass slab, and then incorporated in small increments into the liquid, with each increment mixed for 10 to 15 seconds?

A) Zinc oxide eugenol cement
B) Zinc polycarboxylate cement
C) Zinc phosphate cement
D) Glass ionomer cement

Answer 1

Zinc phosphate cement

Question 2

Most metal-free restorations can be cemented only with which of the following cements?

A) Glass ionomer cement
B) Hybrid ionomer cement
C) Resin-modified glass ionomer cement
D) Resin-based cement

Answer 2

Resin-based cement

Question 3

When cement is mixed to deliver a permanent crown, the mixture should be mixed:

A) to a firm ball stage
B) sticky but not too dry
C) to a luting consistency
D) very thin and runny

Answer 3

to a luting consistency

Question 4

In most cases, cements have ___________ strength and __________ solubility when compared with other restorative materials.

A) superior; high
B) superior; low
C) inferior; high
D) inferior; low

Question 5

_______________________ cement should be removed with alcohol or orange solvent once it has set.

A) Zinc oxide eugenol
B) Zinc phosphate
C) Zinc polycarboxylate
D) Glass ionomer

Question 6

By placing a __________ provisional restoration, the dentist is able to evaluate the response of the pulp before the reappointment for a permanent restoration.

A) varnish
B) luting
C) buildup
D) sedative

Question 7

Zinc polycarboxylate cement is no longer usable when it:

A) becomes oily on the surface because of the oxygen-inhibited layer
B) loses its gloss and becomes stringy
C) has a creamy appearance
D) is mixed for longer than 10 seconds

Question 8

The composition of hybrid ionomer cement is similar to that of glass ionomer cement, but it is modified with the addition of:

A) zinc
B) fluoride
C) resin
D) orange oil

Question 9

Expansion of _______________ cement as it absorbs moisture after setting is a concern, making the cement less desirable for cementation of all-ceramic indirect restorations because of the risk of fracture.

A) zinc phosphate
B) zinc polycarboxylate
C) resin-modified glass ionomer
D) glass ionomer

Question 10

The margins of indirect restorations using _____________ cements should be coated with a coating agent or varnish to protect them from moisture during the setting time.

A) zinc polycarboxylate
B) zinc phosphate
C) glass ionomer
D) zinc oxide eugenol

Question 11

_____________ incorporation of zinc phosphate powder into the liquid and mixing over a _____________ area of a cooled glass slab are recommended because the chemical reaction is exothermic and produces heat.

A) Bulk; large
B) Bulk; small
C) Incremental; large
D) Incremental; small

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true concerning the acidity of zinc phosphate cement?

A) Zinc phosphate cement has a high acidity throughout the time of service.
B) The acidity of zinc phosphate cement is initially low, but becomes neutral within 24 to 28 hours.
C) Pulpal protection is not recommended in deep cavity preparations when zinc phosphate cement is used, as the low acidity soothes the pulp.
D) Zinc phosphate cement is incompatible with dentin bonding systems.

Question 13

Which of the following cements should not be used under composites or as temporary cements before final cementation with hybrid glass ionomer or resin cements?

A) Zinc phosphate cement
B) Zinc polycarboxylate cement
C) Zinc oxide eugenol cement
D) Glass ionomer cement

Question 14

Which of the following cements is used as a direct pulp-capping agent when very small exposures of the pulp are suspected?

A) Cavity varnish
B) Calcium hydroxide
C) Zinc oxide eugenol
D) Zinc phosphate

Question 15

Which of the following cements is highest in mechanical strength?

A) Glass ionomer cement
B) Resin cement
C) Zinc polycarboxylate
D) Hybrid ionomer

Question 16

Try-in paste is used to:

A) tack the restoration in place to check the shade of the final product
B) bond orthodontic brackets
C) verify proper seating of crowns
D) cement posts before restorative treatment

Question 17

Glass ionomers can be used as:

A) restoration
B) base
C) liner
D) All of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is true concerning the properties of zinc polycarboxylate cements?

A) The polyacrylic acid in zinc polycarboxylate cement produces significant pulpal irritation and the pulp must be protected.
B) The viscosity of zinc polycarboxylate cements is lower than that of most other cements.
C) These cements have higher compressive strength and lower solubility when compared with other cements.
D) The retention of polycarboxylate cements is both chemical and mechanical, making this cement desirable for retention of indirect restorations.

Question 19

High-strength bases placed in a thickness of 0.5 mm or greater:

A) will be visible on radiograph, whereas composite and amalgam restorations will not be seen
B) are mixed to a primary or luting consistency
C) provide protection from the thermal conduction of metal restorations
D) are not recommended as they will crack as they shrink during setting

Question 20

_________ cements are recommended for cementing thicker ceramic restorations where light would not penetrate adequately.

A) Chemical-cure
B) Dual-cure
C) Sedative
D) Provisional

Question 21

The advantage of using glass ionomer cement is its:

A) low strength
B) low solubility
C) fluoride ion
D) sedative effect

Question 22

Match the items with the correct description below.
Base/High-strength base

A)A thin layer of material placed to protect the tooth from the components of dental materials and microleakage, stimulate reparative dentin, or act as a pulp capping
B)A thin layer placed on the floor and walls of the preparation to seal tubules and minimize microleakage
C)A thick layer of cement used to protect the tooth from chemical and thermal irritation
D)Thick, putty-like, condensable material that can be rolled into a ball or rope, suitable for use as a base
E)Less viscous, flows easily, can be drawn to a 1-inch string with a spatula, suitable for luting

Question 23

Cements would be mixed to a secondary consistency to:

A) cement a permanent crown
B) cement an orthodontic band
C) cement a veneer
D) cement an intermediate restoration

Question 24

A major concern of many cements is their pH. This is a result of:

A) acids in the mixture
B) chemical reactions
C) preservatives
D) None of the above

Question 25

Match the items with the correct description below.
Secondary consistency

A)A thin layer of material placed to protect the tooth from the components of dental materials and microleakage, stimulate reparative dentin, or act as a pulp capping
B)A thin layer placed on the floor and walls of the preparation to seal tubules and minimize microleakage
C)A thick layer of cement used to protect the tooth from chemical and thermal irritation
D)Thick, putty-like, condensable material that can be rolled into a ball or rope, suitable for use as a base
E)Less viscous, flows easily, can be drawn to a 1-inch string with a spatula, suitable for luting

Question 26

An advantage of a resin-based cement is that it:

A) has a high viscosity
B) bonds with dentin
C) is water soluble
D) won't cause sensitivity

Question 27

To lower the setting time of certain cements, one must:

A) add more catalyst
B) lower the slab temperature
C) increase the slab temperature
D) Setting times should not be altered.

Question 28

List the advantages and disadvantages of zinc oxide eugenol, zinc phosphate, zinc polycarboxylate, traditional glass ionomer, hybrid ionomer, and resin-based cements.

Question 29

Match the items with the correct description below.
Liner/Low-strength base

A)A thin layer of material placed to protect the tooth from the components of dental materials and microleakage, stimulate reparative dentin, or act as a pulp capping
B)A thin layer placed on the floor and walls of the preparation to seal tubules and minimize microleakage
C)A thick layer of cement used to protect the tooth from chemical and thermal irritation
D)Thick, putty-like, condensable material that can be rolled into a ball or rope, suitable for use as a base
E)Less viscous, flows easily, can be drawn to a 1-inch string with a spatula, suitable for luting

Question 30

The primary purpose for placing calcium hydroxide is to:

A) promote reparative dentin
B) insulate the pulp cavity
C) act as a protective barrier
D) sedate the pulp tissue

Question 31

Which of the following would not be used as pulpal protection under a restoration?

A) Varnish
B) Resin cement
C) Low-strength line
D) High-strength base

Question 32

Which of the following would not be a reason to place a high-strength base?

A) Decrease thermal sensitivity
B) Promote reparative dentin
C) Increase mechanical support

Question 33

Match the items with the correct description below.
Primary consistency

A)A thin layer of material placed to protect the tooth from the components of dental materials and microleakage, stimulate reparative dentin, or act as a pulp capping
B)A thin layer placed on the floor and walls of the preparation to seal tubules and minimize microleakage
C)A thick layer of cement used to protect the tooth from chemical and thermal irritation
D)Thick, putty-like, condensable material that can be rolled into a ball or rope, suitable for use as a base
E)Less viscous, flows easily, can be drawn to a 1-inch string with a spatula, suitable for luting

Question 34

Match the items with the correct description below.
Varnish

A)A thin layer of material placed to protect the tooth from the components of dental materials and microleakage, stimulate reparative dentin, or act as a pulp capping
B)A thin layer placed on the floor and walls of the preparation to seal tubules and minimize microleakage
C)A thick layer of cement used to protect the tooth from chemical and thermal irritation
D)Thick, putty-like, condensable material that can be rolled into a ball or rope, suitable for use as a base
E)Less viscous, flows easily, can be drawn to a 1-inch string with a spatula, suitable for luting