Deck 8: Nursing Care of Patients With Infections

Question 1

A patient develops a hospital-acquired surgical wound infection. Which organism should the nurse recognize as being the most likely cause of this infection?

A)Shigella
B)Salmonella
C)Campylobacter
D)Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 1

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 2

The nurse is teaching a nursing student about infection. Which is an example of a reservoir of infection?

A)Insect
B)Virus
C)Bacteria
D)Droplets

Answer 2

Insect

Question 3

The nurse is contributing to a staff education program about infection control. What information from the following list should the nurse recommend including about methods that are effective in destroying bacterial spores?

A)Prolonged drying times
B)Prolonged high temperatures
C)Cleansing with soap and water
D)Brief exposure to room temperatures

Answer 3

Prolonged high temperatures

Question 4

For which patient would the nurse wash her hands with soap and water instead of using an alcohol-based hand rub?

A)Administering pills to a patient with HIV
B)Cleaning stool off of a patient with Clostridium difficile
C)Taking the temperature of a patient with asthma
D)Opening a cup of milk for a patient with vertigo

Question 5

The nurse has contributed to a staff education program about the principles for the first tier of standard precautions. Which statement by a nursing assistant indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

A)"All patients are presumed infectious."
B)"Isolation is not required for most diseases."
C)"Patients with a known infection are placed in isolation upon admission."
D)"Patients are not considered infectious until confirmed so by the laboratory."

Question 6

The nurse is transporting a patient with active tuberculosis (TB) to radiology. Which action should the nurse take?

A)Place a surgical mask on the patient.
B)Be sure the patient is wearing a protective gown.
C)Instruct the patient to wear gloves to radiology.
D)Place a surgical mask on the nurse transporting the patient.

Question 7

A patient learns that a serum antibody test is positive. What should the nurse explain to the patient about this test result?

A)An active infection is present.
B)It is more accurate than a blood culture.
C)The body has been exposed to an antigen.
D)A specific antibiotic has been identified for the infection.

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a localized infection on the foot caused by a spider bite. Which clinical manifestations can the nurse expect to see?

A)Redness at the site
B)Hypotension
C)Decreased urine output
D)Tachycardia

Question 9

There are limited amounts of influenza vaccine currently available in the clinic. Which individual should the nurse identify as having the highest priority to receive vaccination at this time?

A)A 15-year-old who plays ice hockey
B)A 26-year-old with three young children
C)A 49-year-old who works in food services
D)An 88-year-old who lives in an apartment for senior citizens

Question 10

The nurse is caring for a patient who is immunocompromised. Which action should the nurse take to ensure that the patient does not develop a hospital-acquired infection?

A)Restrict oral fluids.
B)Apply lotion to dry skin.
C)Provide alcohol-based mouthwash.
D)Massage back with a skin-drying agent.

Question 11

The nurse is caring for a patient with herpes simplex. Which statement related to disease transmission should the nurse include in the patient's discharge teaching?

A)"Herpes simplex is an airborne disease."
B)"HEPA filtration is necessary with herpes simplex."
C)"Herpes simplex is transmitted through direct transmission."
D)"Vehicle transmission means that particles float through the air."

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient does the nurse identify at highest risk for developing an infection?

A)A 12-year-old child who plays sports and lives with his parents
B)A 24-year-old who works at a bank and lives at home
C)A 45-year-old stay-at-home parent who lives with a friend
D)A 60-year-old who lives in a long-term care facility

Question 13

The nurse is participating in planning care for a patient with mononucleosis. Which action should the nurse recommend to promote recovery?

A)Exercise
B)Rest periods
C)Full liquid diet
D)Fluid restriction

Question 14

The nurse is caring for a patient who develops red man syndrome. Which medication does the nurse suspect this patient is receiving?

A)Azithromycin (Zithromax)
B)Metronidazole (Flagyl)
C)Vancomycin (Vancocin hydrochloride)
D)Levofloxacin (Levaquin)

Question 15

A patient requires care that might cause the splattering of body secretions. Which item should the nurse wear when caring for this patient?

A)Cap
B)Gown
C)Face shield
D)Shoe covers

Question 16

A patient asks a nurse to explain the difference between the Ebola virus versus the Zika virus. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

A)"The Zika virus is transmitted by an infected fruit bat."
B)"The patient could experience long-term joint and vision problems with the Zika virus."
C)"A patient will be isolated if he or she contracted the Zika virus."
D)"ELISA testing is used to diagnose the Ebola virus."

Question 17

The nurse observes a patient being transported through the hall wearing a mask. For which medical diagnosis should the nurse suspect the patient is receiving care?

A)Measles
B)Cellulitis
C)Diphtheria
D)C difficile

Question 18

The nurse is taking a health history for a patient who is ill. The patient states that no one in his family is sick nor has he been around any sick individuals. The nurse suspects the patient likely contracted the illness by indirect transmission. Which is an example of this type of transmission?

A)Picking up a toy a sick child has played with
B)Talking to a sick individual
C)Walking past a person with a cough
D)Standing next to a person who sneezes

Question 19

The nurse is reviewing orders for a patient with an infection. Which order should the nurse implement last?

A)Administer the antibiotic.
B)Culture the patient's wound.
C)Obtain a urine sample.
D)Obtain a sputum sample.

Question 20

The nurse is reviewing orders for a newly admitted patient. Which laboratory test can the nurse expect to be ordered for a patient to rule out a systematic infection?

A)Capillary blood glucose (CBG)
B)Complete metabolic panel (CMP)
C)Complete blood count (CBC)
D)Pancreatic enzymes

Question 21

The nurse is assisting with the development of an educational program to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases in a community. What topics should the nurse suggest be included in this program? (Select all that apply.)

A)Use of cough etiquette
B)Performance of hand hygiene
C)Safe food handling techniques
D)Use of safety equipment with sports
E)Importance of receiving immunizations

Question 22

A patient is being admitted for treatment of a viral infection. Which diseases should the nurse recognize as being caused by a virus? (Select all that apply.)

A)Measles
B)Shingles
C)Gonorrhea
D)Trichomoniasis
E)Candida albicans
F)Infectious mononucleosis

Question 23

The nurse is preparing to administer fluconazole (Diflucan) 50 mg in 100 mL of normal saline to run over 30 minutes intravenously. At what rate will the nurse set the infusion pump? Enter the numeral only.

Question 24

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patients are at high risk for infection? (Select all that apply.)

A)A patient on the burn unit with third-degree burns
B)A patient with HIV
C)A patient with atrial fibrillation (A-fib)
D)A patient who takes corticosteroids for asthma
E)A patient who just finished a round of chemotherapy
F)A patient with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Question 25

The nurse is caring for a group of patients requiring droplet precautions. Which conditions require these precautions? (Select all that apply.)

A)Influenza
B)Pertussis
C)Measles
D)Mumps
E)HIV 6.TB

Question 26

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the chain of infection. Place in order of occurrence, from 1 to 6. ___

A) Mode of transmission ___
B) Reservoir ___
C) Susceptible host ___
D) Portal of exit ___
E) Portal of entry ___
F) Infectious agent

Question 27

The nurse is contributing to a staff education program about infection control. What should the nurse recommend as examples of diseases that are transmitted by direct contact? (Select all that apply.)

A)Malaria
B)Measles
C)Impetigo
D)Influenza
E)Chickenpox 6.Lyme disease

Question 28

The nurse is preparing to administer metronidazole (Flagyl) 500 mg in 100 mL of normal saline to run over 1 hour intravenously to a patient with an infection. At what rate will the nurse set the infusion pump? Enter the numeral only.

Question 29

The school nurse is planning to teach a group of school-age children on cough etiquette. What should the nurse emphasize with these students?

A)Sneeze into hands if a tissue is not available.
B)Place used tissues in backpacks or pockets of clothing.
C)Wash hands with soap and water for 20 seconds after blowing the nose.
D)Move 1 foot away from another person when having to sneeze or cough.

Question 30

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students how to wash their hands correctly. Place in order, from 1 to 5, the correct steps for handwashing. ___

A) Rub hands together for 20 seconds. ___
B) Use the paper towel to turn on the faucet. ___
C) Rinse hands together with fingertips pointed downward. ___
D) Dry hands with disposable paper towel. ___
E) Wet hands with warm water, soap, and lather.