Deck 12: The Parent-Child Relationship System

Question 1

Belsky highlights the importance of as critical contextual sources of both potential stress and support.

A) the marriage relationship
B) social networks
C) the work environment
D) all of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which ethnic group's parenting traditions are sometimes described as emphasizing awareness of cultural heritage and membership in the broader kinship network and community?

A) African Americans
B) Hispanic Americans
C) Asian Americans
D) None of the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The term refers to a style of parenting that is nurturing and relies primarily upon positive reinforcement.

A) authoritarian
B) indulgent
C) authoritative
D) uninvolved

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to the ways in which mothers versus fathers approach parenthood?

A) Fathers are rarely alone with their young children.
B) Mothers are more likely than fathers to engage in play activities and other less redundant activities.
C) Fathers and mothers evenly split the care of young children.
D) all of the above are true

Question 5

Hugging a child and giving praise/complements are examples of

A) indulgent parenting
B) authoritarian parenting
C) parental responsiveness
D) parental demandingness

Question 6

parents provide well-ordered and structured environments with clearly stated rules. They tend to favor the use of punitive and forceful disciplinary methods.

A) Authoritarian
B) Indulgent
C) Authoritative
D) Uninvolved

Question 7

Marriage relationships provide two basic forms of support that then impact on parenting styles.

A) emotional and affectionate
B) instrumental and communicational
C) emotional and instrumental
D) physical and instrumental

Question 8

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Even when wives expect their husbands to become involved in childcare, husbands remain uninvolved.
B) Wives defer to their husbands in matters of childrearing particularly when husbands are involved.
C) When men engage more equally in the responsibilities of childcare, men's' and women's experiences of parenthood become very similar.
D) all of the above are true

Question 9

According to Belsky, parenting styles are determined by

A) parent's personal psychological resources
B) the characteristics of children
C) contextual sources of stress and support
D) all of the above

Question 10

Teaching a child how to eat with a fork, rather than her fingers, and then expecting her to use the fork at every mean, is an example of:

A) indulgent parenting
B) authoritarian parenting
C) parental responsiveness
D) parental demandingness

Question 11

The level of differentiation found within the family of origin can be viewed as a that influences parenting styles.

A) interpersonal resource
B) child characteristic
C) contextual source of stress
D) contextual source of support

Question 12

parents tend to be lenient, do not require mature behavior, and avoid confrontation.

A) Authoritarian
B) Indulgent
C) Authoritative
D) Uninvolved

Question 13

Parenting strategies, in the broadest sense, include strategies for and children.

A) disciplining and controlling
B) nurturing and loving
C) nurturing and controlling
D) controlling and regulating

Question 14

Satisfaction with one's employment status

A) has no relationship to parental competence
B) impacts on parenting effectiveness for fathers but not mothers
C) impacts on parenting effectiveness for mothers but not fathers
D) impacts of parenting effectiveness for both men and women

Question 15

Social support has been associated with all of the following EXCEPT

A) enhanced parental competence
B) greater emotional responsiveness to children
C) increased reliance on punishment for parental control
D) greater patience with children

Question 16

A critical factor in determining effective parenting is

A) the gender of the child
B) how the child's temperament impacts on the parent's behavior
C) the goodness of fit between the child's characteristics and those of the parent
D) all of the above

Question 17

In general, the research suggests that parents with tend to have more negative attitudes towards parenting.

A) poor marriages
B) a large friendship network
C) good family relations
D) traditional values

Question 18

The term refers to a parenting style where children are given no clearly defined rules for behavior and receive little or no attention at all.

A) authoritarian
B) indulgent
C) authoritative
D) uninvolved

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective parenting, according to Belsky?

A) decentering
B) empathy
C) reliance on power
D) nurturance

Question 20

An parenting style is most predictive of positive youth development from early childhood through adolescence.

A) authoritarian
B) indulgent
C) authoritative
D) uninvolved

Question 21

Studies of abusive parents suggest that

A) they are overwhelmingly likely to suffer from some form of a mental disorder
B) there is no relationship between a history of child abuse and becoming an abusive parent
C) they often have unrealistic expectations of what children can do and lack effective child- management strategies
D) all of the above

Question 22

Which ethnic group's parenting traditions are sometimes described as being indulgent with young children but more authoritarian with older children?

A) African Americans
B) Hispanic Americans
C) Asian Americans
D) None of the above

Question 23

Parents are more likely, according to the research, to abuse children

A) whose temperament makes them difficult to control
B) who have special needs
C) who are difficult to handle and calm
D) all of the above

Question 24

In general, the term is used to refer to those situations where a nonaccidental injury has occurred to the child that is perpetrated by a parent.

A) abuse
B) neglect
C) rejection
E) domination

Question 25

Which ethnic group's parenting traditions are sometimes described as focusing on moral obligation and primary loyalty to the family?

A) African Americans
B) Hispanic Americans
C) Asian Americans
D) None of the above

Question 26

refers to the harming of a child through either the lack of proper care or the lack of adequate supervision.

A) Abuse
B) Neglect
C) Rejection
D) Hostility