Deck 14: Power, Politics, and Organizational Justice

Question 1

When a worker is willing to carry out a manager's work request, but only during the normal eight-hour day, he or she is exhibiting

A)acceptance.
B)commitment.
C)compliance.
D)accordance.
E)loyalty.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

All of the following are examples of coercive power except

A)punishment.
B)physically harm someone.
C)information that is important to the organization.
D)psychologically harm someone.
E)being assigned to a dead end position.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Legitimate power is closely specified and strictly followed in organizations that are highly

A)structured.
B)bureaucratic.
C)organic.
D)conflict-oriented.
E)profitable.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The most widely used and recognized analysis of the bases of power is the framework developed by and .

A)Shultz and Smith
B)Smith and Donald
C)Gross and Shultz
D)French and Raven
E)Greenhouse and Passikoff

Question 5

Who will usually have the greatest potential influence on the actions of subordinates?

A)A leader with position power
B)An informal leader
C)A leader with personal power
D)A formal leader
E)A leader with both personal and position power

Question 6

The negative reasons people engage in impression management include all of the following except

A)take credit work for the work of others.
B)people may exaggerate personal accomplishments.
C)to further their own career.
D)people may falsify their personal accomplishments.
E)None of these.

Question 7

Power is distinguished from influence due to the element of .

A)reward ability
B)influence
C)control
D)effectiveness
E)efficiency

Question 8

Legitimate, reward, and some aspects of coercive and expert power can all contribute to

A)psychological power.
B)personal power.
C)position power.
D)authority.
E)referent power.

Question 9

A person in the organization may have crucial information about a statistical breakthrough of great importance to the organization and its strategic marketing plan.This is an example of
Power.

A)referent
B)legitimate
C)reward
D)expert
E)coercive

Question 10

Referent power involves all of the following except

A)trust.
B)similarity.
C)acceptance.
D)promotions.
E)affection..

Question 11

Examples of reward power include all of the following except

A)pay.
B)work assignments.
C)promotion.
D)transfer.
E)praise.

Question 12

The foundation for expert power is control over

A)technology.
B)authority.
C)information.
D)resources.
E)knowledge.

Question 13

Which of the following describes the trend among unions in the United States?

A)Unions are at their peak; one-third of workers are unionized.
B)U.S.unions are merging with international unions as jobs are outsourced overseas.
C)Only one-twelfth of workers are unionized, and jobs continue to move into states where union power is limited.
D)Union leaders are in near complete agreement about how to unionize today's service workers.
E)Manufacturing unions are the largest trade unions in the United

Question 14

An up-and-coming executive who starts a trend of wearing brown suits to work is exhibiting power.

A)coercive
B)emulation
C)personal
D)referent
E)legitimate

Question 15

Referent power is similar to the concept of

A)expertise.
B)similarity.
C)acceptance.
D)loyalty.
E)charisma.

Question 16

The ability to affect the perceptions, attitudes, or behaviors of others is known as

A)control.
B)legitimacy.
C)coercion.
D)influence.
E)management.

Question 17

Influence should actually be seen as the of the process of one person attempting to affect another.

A)benchmark
B)standard
C)cornerstone
D)reinforcement
E)None of these.

Question 18

From a somewhat mechanistic standpoint, managers may enhance their referent power by choosing subordinates who

A)have backgrounds similar to their own.
B)are committed to their jobs.
C)have goals that are similar to theirs.
D)like or respect them.
E)agree with their objectives.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is not true about personal power?

A)Followers of leaders with personal power tend to be acting from choice.
B)An informal leader will have some measure of personal power.
C)Leaders with strong personal power should avoid using position power.
D)Personal power is often exercised through rational persuasion.
E)Leaders with personal power tend to exact greater loyalty from

Question 20

The primary bases of personal power include all of the following except

A)referent power.
B)position power.
C)expert power.
D)coercive power.
E)reward power.

Question 21

Sandra's boss recently overlooked her for a promotion.Later, Sandra discovered that one page of her resume was missing when it was delivered to her boss with her application.Due to the incomplete resume, Sandra is likely to experience which category of injustice?

A)Procedural
B)Interpersonal
C)Informational
D)Gender-based
E)Distributive

Question 22

Limiting the effects of political behavior include all of the following except

A)open communication.
B)reduce uncertainty.
C)being aware of the causes.
D)effective group dynamics.
E)being award of the techniques.

Question 23

Techniques of political behavior include all of the following except

A)controlling the agenda.
B)game playing.
C)leveraging technology.
D)building coalitions.
E)using outside experts.

Question 24

Staying informed, recognizing employee concerns, and acting confident are guidelines for using power.

A)legitimate
B)expert
C)referent
D)reward
E)coercive

Question 25

According to a survey on how political behavior is perceived by managers,

A)none of the respondents felt political behavior could be used in a constructive manner.
B)most respondents felt that political behavior was unnecessary for the success of top executives.
C)few of the respondents believed political behavior influenced salary decisions in their organizations.
D)a majority of respondents indicated they believed political behavior was more relevant at higher levels of the organization.
E)almost all of the respondents indicated that political behavior affected hiring decisions in their organizations.

Question 26

power is the most difficult form of power to exercise.

A)Referent
B)Expert
C)Coercive
D)Legitimate
E)Reward

Question 27

Leadership only matters if influence has occurred.

Question 28

The best approach to managing political behavior is to

A)try to eliminate political behavior on a situation-by-situation basis.
B)leave it alone.
C)take a determined stance against all forms of this behavior.
D)stay aware of it but try to keep out of it.
E)recognize that political behavior is inevitable and try to minimize its negative impact.

Question 29

The reasons for political behavior include all of the following except

A)ambiguous goals.
B)scarce resources.
C)control of information.
D)nonprogrammed decisions.
E)organizational change.

Question 30

Jim strongly disagrees with the current strategic plan, but is afraid his vote against it at the next meeting will hurt his chances for promotion.Jim schedules a dentist appointment for the same time as the meeting in order to avoid the vote.Which political behavior
Technique has Jim used?

A)Building image
B)Controlling the agenda
C)Using outside experts
D)Game playing
E)Controlling decision parameters

Question 31

Which of the following is not a way that managers can use expert power?

A)Avoiding threatening the self-esteem of subordinates
B)Subtly promoting an image of expertise
C)Recognizing employee concerns
D)Keeping education, experience, and accomplishments private
E)Acting confidently and decisively

Question 32

According to the model presented in the text, political behavior is seen as ethical if

A)it results in higher profits.
B)it helps avoid costly litigation.
C)it is used as a means for "getting ahead" in an organization.
D)it respects the rights of all affected parties.
E)it changes the nature of labor relations.

Question 33

The extent to which employees perceive the processes used to determine outcomes in the organization as fair is called

A)procedural justice.
B)interpersonal justice.
C)distributive justice.
D)reflective justice.
E)informational justice.

Question 34

In general, how do leaders exercise legitimate power?

A)Issuing formal requests
B)Maintaining credibility
C)Making requests in a demanding tone
D)Keeping aware of information that is relevant and that may be needed by the organization
E)Keeping aware of subordinates' actions

Question 35

What is the reasoning behind role modeling?

A)Having managers act out the role of the subordinate gives them a better understanding of the subordinate's feelings.
B)A manager should select subordinates who are similar to him or her.
C)Having subordinates act out the role of manager in contrived settings gives them a better understanding of directives.
D)A leader behaves in the same way that he or she wants subordinates to behave.
E)A leader is more likely to build referent power if he or she is sensitive to others' needs and feelings.

Question 36

Trying to eliminate political behaviors within organizations will probably

A)decrease interdepartmental conflict.
B)increase a manager's power base.
C)increase political behavior.
D)violate the cannons of justice.
E)reduce skill-based pay.

Question 37

Before trying to manage political behavior, one should understand all of the following except

A)the fact that political behavior in organizations is pervasive.
B)the reasons for political behavior.
C)the strategies for limiting the effects of political behavior.
D)the common techniques for using political behavior.
E)the basic tactics for eliminating political behavior.

Question 38

After Jack filed a discrimination complaint, he felt that his case was not handled properly and that he was not given a fair hearing.He started complaining, which had a negative impact on employee morale and the organization's culture.Jack experienced a lack of

A)equal opportunity employment.
B)empowerment.
C)procedural justice.
D)equity in the workplace.
E)legal issues in business.

Question 39

A guideline for using legitimate power is

A)engaging in role modeling.
B)maintaining credibility.
C)explaining reasons for a request.
D)verifying compliance.
E)revealing accomplishments and awards.

Question 40

Keeping subordinates informed about company policies and the penalties for violating those policies is an example of using power.

A)referent
B)legitimate
C)positive
D)expert
E)coercive

Question 41

In most cases, expert power tends to follow exact lines of authority.

Question 42

Influence can be beneficial or harmful, but is never subtle.

Question 43

Referent power is power through identification.

Question 44

Influence is the ability to affect the perceptions, attitudes, or behaviors of others.

Question 45

Expert power is control over financial and other tangible resources.

Question 46

In many ways, an individual with personal power may be able to exact greater loyalty and dedication from followers than someone with only position power.

Question 47

Power and influence are essentially interchangeable terms.

Question 48

The reason for the label "legitimate" in "legitimate power" is that the organization says it is all right for people having power to direct the activities of others.

Question 49

The more important the information and the fewer the alternative sources for acquiring it, the greater the degree of expert power.

Question 50

At its extreme, coalition building, which is frequently used in political bodies, may take the form of blatant reciprocity.

Question 51

There is only one technique used in practicing political behavior.

Question 52

Most organizational goals are inherently ambiguous.

Question 53

In organizations with an organic nature, the lines of legitimate power are often closely specified and strictly followed.

Question 54

Position power is power that resides in the position, regardless of who holds the position.

Question 55

In its most basic sense, there is nothing wrong with impression management.

Question 56

A manager might enhance her referent power by choosing subordinates similar to her.

Question 57

Wearing special clothes to a job interview is an example of impression management.

Question 58

In general, legitimate power is exercised through an informal request that subordinates do what the leader wishes.

Question 59

Open communication is one very effective technique for restraining the impact of political behavior.

Question 60

Reward power is limited to material rewards such as pay or work assignments.

Question 61

will probably result from an attempt to exercise power if the subordinate accepts and identifies with the leader.

Question 62

is about all one should expect from using coercive power.

Question 63

Simply being aware of the causes and techniques of political behavior can help a manager check his or her effects.

Question 64

Because of his or her position in an organization, a manager has
power over his or her subordinates.

Question 65

Interpersonal justice relates to the degree of fairness people see in how they are treated by others in their organization.

Question 66

means the subordinate is willing to carry out the leader's wishes as long as doing so will not require extraordinary effort.

Question 67

At a minimum, a leader will have position power.

Question 68

The threat to transfer someone to a branch office in an undesirable location can be interpreted as a form of power.

Question 69

People may engage in to boost their own self-esteem.

Question 70

For many people, is often assumed to be synonymous with dirty tricks or backstabbing.

Question 71

Distributive justice refers to people's perceptions of the fairness with which rewards and other valued outcomes are distributed within the organization.

Question 72

_, a subtle form of referent power, means that a leader behaves in the way he or she wants subordinates to act.

Question 73

is a major force in organizations that managers cannot afford to ignore.

Question 74

To the extent that praise and acknowledgment from a manager can help satisfy such needs as the desire for recognition and acceptance, the manager has a form of power.

Question 75

power usually surfaces as imitation.

Question 76

Power and political behavior are likely to play an important role in perceptions of informational justice.

Question 77

Legitimate, reward, and some aspects of coercive and expert power can all contribute to power.

Question 78

A key research scientist who possesses information crucial for new scientific breakthroughs exhibits power.

Question 79

power is in many ways the most difficult form of power to exercise.

Question 80

Political behavior is viewed as in the political behavior alternative model if it is fair to all parties concerned.