Deck 17: Nutrition Care and Assessment

Question 1

In a health care facility, who holds the ultimate responsibility for ensuring that all the patient's nutritional needs are met?

A)Clinical dietitians
B)Physicians
C)Nurses
D)Pharmacists

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following nursing diagnoses has a nutritional implication?

A)Chronic confusion
B)Feeding self-care deficit
C)Hypothermia
D)a and b
E)b and c

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A client's nutrition prescription that the physician writes in the medical record is called a

A)diet menu.
B)food list.
C)diet order.
D)food order.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which healthcare professional has extensive knowledge about foods and human nutrition?

A)Physician
B)Registered dietitian
C)Nurse
D)Social worker

Question 5

Roughly what percentage of patients hospitalized with acute illness are malnourished?

A)10-20%
B)30-40%
C)40-60%
D)70-80%

Question 6

All of the following are true regarding nutrition screening except:

A)screenings are conducted within 24 hours.
B)screening questions are the same from facility to facility.
C)nurses or nursing assistants may perform the screening.
D)laboratory test results may be included.

Question 7

Basic nutritional screening would include all of the following except

A)estimation of kcalorie needs.
B)medical history.
C)obtaining food intake information.
D)results of blood glucose tests.

Question 8

The provision of a client's nutrient and nutrition education needs based on a complete nutrition assessment is

A)medical nutrition therapy.
B)nutrition care process.
C)nutrition screening.
D)medical history.

Question 9

Which of the following affects nutrition status by reducing nutrient and food intake?

A)Insufficient excretion of bile salts
B)Elevated metabolic rate
C)Nausea and vomiting
D)Inflammation associated with bowel conditions

Question 10

A patient complains that he is dissatisfied with his diet and would like more information about the restrictions.Which of the following healthcare workers is responsible for providing diet education to the patient?

A)The nurse
B)The physician
C)The dietitian
D)The pharmacist

Question 11

A nutrition care plan is

A)the client's diet prescription ordered by the physician.
B)the dietitian's strategies for meeting an individual's nutritional needs.
C)the nurse's documentation of how well the client is eating.
D)nutritional formulas showing minimum daily requirements.

Question 12

A new patient is admitted to the rehabilitation unit.The _____ visits the patient to compile a list of her food preferences.

A)nurse
B)physician
C)dietitian
D)dietetic technician

Question 13

Clients can be put at risk for malnutrition when _____ alters nutrient metabolism and excretion.

A)chemotherapy
B)radiation therapy
C)surgical resection of the esophagus
D)all of the above

Question 14

How can an illness lead to malnutrition?

A)Reducing food intake
B)Impairing digestion and absorption
C)Altering nutrient metabolism
D)All of the above

Question 15

The physician asks the nursing staff to encourage the patient to eat at all meals.The nurse feels that the doctor is incorrect and that another professional is responsible for encouraging food intake.Who is responsible?

A)The nurse
B)The dietitian
C)The dietetic technician
D)The social worker

Question 16

Which of the following health care professionals assists with nutrition care?

A)Pharmacists
B)Speech therapists
C)Nursing assistants
D)None of the above (only the registered dietitian assists with nutrition care)
E)All of the above

Question 17

A brief assessment for quickly identifying clients at risk for malnutrition so that they can receive complete nutrition assessments is called a

A)nutrition questionnaire.
B)health history.
C)health screening.
D)nutrition screening.

Question 18

Changes in hydration and diarrhea due to illness affect nutrition status by

A)reducing nutrient and food intake.
B)altering metabolism and excretion.
C)impairing digestion and absorption.
D)all of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is not an example of a nursing diagnosis with a nutritional implication?

A)Risk for aspiration
B)Impaired oral mucous membranes
C)Impaired physical mobility
D)Sexual dysfunction

Question 20

Nutrition screenings should be completed on each client within _____ after admission.

A)12 hours
B)18 hours
C)24 hours
D)48 hours

Question 21

An extensive, accurate log of foods eaten over a period of several days or weeks is called a(n)

A)food-frequency checklist.
B)food record.
C)usual intake.
D)24-hour recall.

Question 22

The equation for body mass index is

A)weight (lbs) / height (ft)².
B)weight (kg) / height (m)².
C)height (ft)² / weight (lbs).
D)height (m)² / weight (kg).

Question 23

Which anthropometric measurement is least sensitive as an indicator of muscle loss?

A)Waist circumference
B)Mid-upper arm circumference
C)Mid-thigh circumference
D)Mid-calf circumference

Question 24

A survey of foods and beverages routinely consumed over a certain time period is a

A)24-hour recall.
B)food record.
C)observing food intake.
D)food frequency questionnaire.

Question 25

The purpose of obtaining historical information is to assess for

A)low socioeconomic status.
B)food and drug interactions.
C)nutrient deficiencies.
D)health factors that affect nutrition status.

Question 26

Which of the following data is the least important component of a client's nutritional assessment?

A)Weight
B)Medication
C)Eating habits
D)Current address

Question 27

Head circumference is used to

A)monitor infant growth.
B)help detect overnutrition.
C)evaluate muscle size.
D)all of the above

Question 28

Which of the following is not considered a factor included in the social history of a client?

A)Current health problems
B)Living situation
C)Educational level
D)Cooking facilities

Question 29

All of the following are purposes of anthropometric measurements except

A)to diagnose medical conditions.
B)to evaluate growth.
C)to detect undernutrition and overnutrition.
D)to measure changes in body composition.

Question 30

Which of the following is not an example of a nutrition intervention?

A)Dietary and lifestyle education
B)Psychiatric counseling
C)Change in medication
D)Change in tube feeding

Question 31

What is typically not included in a food record?

A)Mood
B)Activity while eating
C)Sleep pattern
D)Daily physical activity

Question 32

Which of the following is a social factor that can affect food choices?

A)Methamphetamine use
B)Dependence on a family member to prepare food
C)Mental illness
D)All of the above

Question 33

Which of the following is not an example of a properly stated goal of nutrition intervention?

A)Maintain current body weight for the next 6 months
B)Improve iron level to within normal range by next visit
C)Decrease weight
D)Increase sodium-controlled diet compliance by stating foods to limit

Question 34

Danny is 37 years old, weighs 179 lbs, and is 5'8".Based on his BMI, Danny is considered

A)obese.
B)overweight.
C)adequate.
D)mildly underweight.

Question 35

Which of the following statements is the best way to begin the interview for a 24-hour dietary history?

A)"What did you have for breakfast today?"
B)"You do eat breakfast everyday, don't you?"
C)"Do you begin the day with juice or coffee?"
D)"What is the first thing you ate or drank when you woke up?"

Question 36

If a client is asked to recount everything eaten or drunk in a typical day, the assessor is using _____ to collect the data.

A)a food record
B)a kcalorie count
C)a 24-hour recall
D)direct observation

Question 37

All of the following are examples of methods for obtaining a diet history except

A)a food frequency questionnaire.
B)a 24-hour recall.
C)a physical examination.
D)a food record.

Question 38

The physician has prescribed a nutrition consult for weight-loss education.Which of the following patient information is the most important to help the dietitian prepare?

A)Educational level
B)Allergies
C)Family medical history
D)Use of tobacco

Question 39

Head circumference in an infant can help predict all of the following except

A)age.
B)brain growth.
C)brain development in premature infants.
D)malnutrition.

Question 40

Which of the following is included in a food and nutrition history?

A)Skinfold measurements
B)Herbal supplement intake
C)Food availability
D)Respiratory allergies

Question 41

During iron deficiency, transferrin concentrations _____, and during severe PEM, transferrin concentrations _____.

A)increase, increase.
B)increase, decrease.
C)decrease, increase.
D)decrease, decrease.

Question 42

Growth charts with BMI-for-age percentiles can be used to assess risk of underweight using the _____ percentile as the cut-off.

A)5th
B)10th
C)15th
D)20th

Question 43

Mrs.Sealy is an 85-year-old woman who states she has a poor appetite.She is 5', 2" tall, her current weight is 80 pounds, and her usual body weight is 115 pounds.The nurse determines:

A)her %IBW is 82%
B)her %UBW is 70%.
C)she is at risk for mild malnutrition.
D)she is at risk for moderate malnutrition.

Question 44

Henry is 28 years old and is 5'9".What is his estimated ideal body weight?

A)151 lbs
B)157 lbs
C)149 lbs
D)169 lbs

Question 45

Which of the following clients is at greatest risk of malnutrition?

A)A body builder, 5'8" and 190 lbs, taking amino acid supplements
B)An 85-year-old woman, 5'4" and 122 lbs
C)A 30-year-old woman, 5'6", 192 lbs, with a recent unexplained weight loss of 25 lbs
D)A 15-year-old boy 5'8", 132 lbs, with a good appetite, going through a growth spurt

Question 46

After blood is centrifuged to remove cells, and clotting factors are still present, the fluid that remains is called

A)plasma.
B)serum.
C)electrolytes.
D)platelets.

Question 47

A serum albumin of 2.5 g/100 mL in a stable adult male with malnutrition suggests

A)iron deficiency.
B)a normal finding.
C)short-term protein malnutrition.
D)long-term protein malnutrition.

Question 48

Anthropometric assessment of an individual child utilizes

A)data from another individual.
B)population standards specific for his/her social group.
C)%IBW and %UBW.
D)CDC growth charts.

Question 49

Which of the following proteins reflects both protein and iron status?

A)Albumin
B)Transferrin
C)Transthyretin
D)Retinol-binding protein

Question 50

The ideal weights for a 5'5" female and a 5'10" male are _____, respectively.

A)122 lbs and 163 lbs.
B)132 lbs and 153 lbs.
C)135 lbs and 166 lbs.
D)138 lbs and 169 lbs.

Question 51

Cindy is a 28-year-old female who is 5'7".Her usual weight is 130 lbs, but her current weight is 110 lbs.Regarding her % UBW, Cindy is considered

A)at no risk for malnutrition.
B)at risk for mild malnutrition.
C)at risk for moderate malnutrition.
D)at risk for severe nutrition.

Question 52

Which of the following proteins is the most abundant plasma protein?

A)Transferrin
B)Albumin
C)Transthyretin
D)Retinol-binding protein

Question 53

Donna Davis is an 18-year-old girl who is 5'4" and weighs 90 lbs.Her serum albumin level is 2.0 g/100 mL.From this information, what can you conclude about Donna's nutrition status?

A)She is undergoing short-term exposure to stress.
B)Her nutrition status is adequate for her age.
C)Her biochemical data reflects long-term protein depletion.
D)Not enough information is provided to speculate.

Question 54

Serum protein values are not significantly affected by

A)atherosclerosis.
B)pregnancy.
C)dehydration.
D)all of the above

Question 55

Which of the following nutrition assessment techniques is a measure of protein status?

A)Serum albumin
B)Body mass index
C)Mean corpuscular volume
D)Plasma creatinine

Question 56

A BMI-for-age above the ____ percentile indicates that the child may be overweight.

A)25th
B)50th
C)75th
D)85th

Question 57

Mrs.Falwell is 5'4" and weighs 110 lbs.During the interview, she mentions she has lost "a lot of weight" over the past 5 months.She usually weighs 135 lbs.What is her %UBW?

A)25%
B)81%
C)120%
D)123%

Question 58

For children a sharp drop in a previously steady growth pattern suggests:

A)malnutrition.
B)obesity.
C)a growth spurt.
D)a medical error.

Question 59

Which %IBW range indicates "risk of moderate malnutrition"?

A)110-120%
B)90-109%
C)80-89%
D)70-79%

Question 60

Which of the following is most useful in evaluating weight loss in an overweight person?

A)UBW
B)IBW
C)%UBW
D)%IBW

Question 61

What is the body's first line of defense against infection?

A)Skin and mucous membranes
B)Fever
C)Leukocytes
D)None of the above

Question 62

Substances that elicit an immune response are called

A)bacteria.
B)antigens.
C)viruses.
D)fungi.

Question 63

A physical sign or symptom of dehydration is

A)dry skin.
B)reduced skin tension.
C)thirst.
D)all of the above

Question 64

Hematocrit, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume are all hematology tests used to detect

A)PEM.
B)anemia.
C)dehydration.
D)all of the above

Question 65

All of the following are signs of fluid retention except

A)abdominal distention.
B)weight gain.
C)elevated blood pressure.
D)sunken eyes.

Question 66

Another name for transthyretin is

A)prealbumin.
B)retinol-binding protein.
C)both a and b
D)none of the above

Question 67

In the context of his medical history and clinical findings, Mr.Hansen's laboratory work suggests:

A)protein depletion.
B)dehydration.
C)hyperkalemia.
D)a and b
E)all of the above

Question 68

Emily has asthma and is trying to improve her nutritional status.Which test would be best to assess her lung function?

A)Albumin
B)Physical exam of the skin
C)Cycle ergometer testing
D)Skin-antigen testing

Question 69

Mr.Smith, a homeless man with past history of alcoholism, has been hospitalized with a foot ulcer.His blood urea nitrogen level is elevated.What condition might his BUN be indicative of?

A)Diabetes
B)Kidney disease
C)Dehydration
D)a and b
E)b and c

Question 70

Which of the following proteins provides a sensitive test for protein status?

A)Albumin
B)Prealbumin
C)Retinol-binding protein
D)a and b
E)b and c

Question 71

Which of the following proteins is best for monitoring quick changes in protein status?

A)Transthyretin
B)Transferrin
C)Albumin
D)All of the above

Question 72

Examples of functional assessment include all of the following except:

A)the hand-grip strength test.
B)walking on a treadmill.
C)skin-antigen testing.
D)Choices a, b, and c are all examples of functional assessment.

Question 73

Which statement is true?

A)When the immune cells direct the immune response themselves, this is known as humoral immunity.
B)Antibodies are produced by T cells in response to antigens.
C)B cells are participants in cell-mediated immunity.
D)A hypersensitivity is an immune reaction that can lead to discomfort or illness.

Question 74

Which protein is a "marker" of acute inflammation, and becomes elevated only when the body is fighting disease?

A)Lysozymes
B)Albumin
C)C-reactive protein
D)Complement

Question 75

Mary picks up a chart and asks Eva, "Who is responsible for the nutritional care of this patient?"

A)The doctor
B)The dietitian
C)The nurse
D)All of the above
E)The patient

Question 76

All of the following biochemical tests are used to detect PEM except

A)retinol-binding protein.
B)albumin.
C)serum creatinine.
D)transferrin.

Question 77

A young adult with spoon-shaped, ridged, brittle nails might be deficient in

A)iron.
B)calcium.
C)vitamin A.
D)vitamin B₆.

Question 78

Which of the following enzymes is not used to monitor heart function?

A)Alkaline phosphatase
B)Creatinine kinase
C)Lactate dehydrogenase
D)All of these tests are used to monitor heart function.

Question 79

Eva is surprised to learn that the _____ is responsible for the diet order.

A)doctor
B)dietitian
C)nurse
D)dietetic technician

Question 80

Laboratory tests used in assessing fluid balance include

A)hematocrit.
B)sodium.
C)creatine kinase.
D)all of the above