Deck 6: Adverse Drug Effects and Drug Interactions

Question 1

A client develops angioedema and difficulty swallowing after receiving an intravenous medication.The nurse recognizes this is characteristic of:
1)An unpredictable side effect.
2)A reaction secondary to urticaria.
3)A minor adverse effect.
4)A life-threatening adverse effect.

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Which of the following signs and symptoms in a client does the nurse identify as an allergic reaction?
1)Complaints of diarrhea
2)Photosensitivity
3)Urticaria
4)Abdominal cramping

Answer 2

3

Question 3

A client is receiving an antiviral drug that is a substrate of the CYP 3A4 enzyme system.When a drug that is an inhibitor of the 3A4 system is added to the client's regimen, the nurse should assess the client for:
1)Toxicity of the antiviral drug.
2)An increase in viral load.
3)A decrease in the antiviral drug side effects.
4)No change in viral-related systems.

Answer 3

1

Question 4

When teaching the client about a new medication, the nurse should include which information? (Select all that apply).
1)The drugs' therapeutic action
2)Adverse effects that can be expected
3)Which adverse effect to report to physician
4)Name of the drug manufacturer
5)Chemical composition of the drug

Question 5

A client given Ambien at 11 p.m.for sleep awakens at 3 a.m.and is wide awake and agitated.The nurse reports the client has had which type of reaction?
1)Adverse effect
2)Side effect
3)Allergic response
4)Idiosyncratic reaction

Question 6

A client has a documented allergy to penicillin, and is started on a cephalosporin.The nurse should plan to monitor the client for allergic responses, since cephalosporin can cause which reaction?
1)Cross-allergy
2)Pseudo-allergy
3)A hypo-responsive reaction
4)A heightened drug reaction

Question 7

The nurse is preparing to administer a laxative to a client who is experiencing constipation.The effectiveness of the drug will be decreased by which drug class that the client is also receiving?
1)ACE inhibitors
2)Anticholinerigics
3)Antacids
4)Bronchodilator

Question 8

A client with a history of multiple allergies has been started on a new anti-infective.The nurse should plan to monitor the client for an anaphylactic reaction at which time?
1)Immediately after receiving the first dose
2)Within one hour of receiving the first dose
3)Within 24 hours of receiving the first dose
4)At any time while receiving the drug

Question 9

The pregnant nurse needs to take precautions when administering which medication to a client?
1)Diazepam (Valium)
2)Lisinopril (Zestril)
3)Finasteride (Proscar)
4)Hydrocodone (Vicodin)

Question 10

The nurse explains to a student nurse that side effects differ from adverse events in which way?
1)Adverse effects are only dose-related.
2)Side effects are predictable at therapeutic levels.
3)Side effects are usually more serious than adverse effects.
4)Adverse effects cause permanent damage.

Question 11

Which of the following is the highest nursing priority when a client has an allergic reaction to a newly prescribed medication?
1)Instruct the client to remain calm.
2)Document the allergy in the medical record.
3)Notify the physician of the allergic reaction.
4)Place an allergy bracelet on the client.

Question 12

When an overdose of an alkaline drug has been taken, the nurse anticipates which drug will be administered to the client to promote excretion of the drug?
1)Sodium bicarbonate
2)Potassium chloride
3)Lactated Ringer's solution
4)Ascorbic acid

Question 13

The nurse plans to monitor a client for dermatologic toxicities after administering which medication?
1)Loop diuretic
2)Antithyroid drugs
3)Salicylates
4)Antiseizure drugs

Question 14

The nurse determines that an idiosyncratic reaction to a drug has occurred when the client experiences drug effects that are:
1)Predictable.
2)Unexplained.
3)Life-threatening.
4)Irreversible.

Question 15

A client receiving a chemotherapeutic drug for treatment of leukemia asks the nurse why she is receiving a drug that can also cause cancer to treat her cancer.The nurse explains:
1)"The carcinogenic effects often do not show up for a few decades, and we want to cure this leukemia now."
2)"The risk for causing another cancer is there, but sometimes the benefit of the treatment outweighs the risks."
3)"The incidence of carcinogenic effects is really quite small, and you shouldn't be concerned about it."
4)"Since you are receiving such potent drugs, they have to warn of you of every possible side effect."

Question 16

A client is concerned a drug she is taking might have teratogenic effects.Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate response?
1)"If your physician ordered the medication, it should be okay."
2)"Are you in your first trimester of pregnancy?"
3)"Let me check the pregnancy risk category of the drug."
4)"You should avoid taking any medications while pregnant."

Question 17

Which of the following medication orders should be questioned by the nurse?
1)Digoxin (Lanoxin).25 mg p.o.q.o.d
2)Potassium chloride (KCl)20 mEq IM stat
3)Aspirin (ASA)grains X p.o.q 4 hours p.r.n.
4)Morphine sulfate 4 mg IV now

Question 18

The nurse determines that the client is most at risk for renal toxicity while receiving an aminoglycoside anti-infective when lab values indicate which level?
1)Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)is 50.
2)Potassium level is 4.8 mEq/L,
3)Creatinine level is 2.4 mg,
4)White blood cell count is 12,000,

Question 19

When checking on the potential interactions of two drugs being administered at the same time, the nurse recognizes the following principle:
1)All drugs will have some type of interaction.
2)Drug-drug interactions are more serious than drug-food interactions.
3)Some drug interactions can produce therapeutic effects.
4)Drug interactions should always be avoided.

Question 20

The nurse monitors a client just started on an ACE inhibitor for hypotension, recognizing that this symptom would be indicative of:
1)An allergic response to the drug.
2)An idiosyncratic drug reaction.
3)A therapeutic drug effect.
4)An adverse drug effect.

Question 21

The nurse teaches a client to avoid taking calcium channel blockers with which food?
1)Dairy products
2)Green, leafy vegetables
3)Coffee
4)Grapefruit and grapefruit juice

Question 22

A client is scheduled to receive a diuretic and an ACE inhibitor at 0900.The nurse determines the combination of these drugs will have which effect on the client's blood pressure?
1)Synergistic
2)Additive
3)Antagonistic
4)Oppositional

Question 23

A client is scheduled to receive a beta blocker and a calcium channel blocker in the a.m.The nurse should plan to separate which medication also ordered for the same time, since it would have an antagonistic action with the antihypertensive medications?
1)Cholestryramine (Questran)
2)Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
3)Furosemide (Lasix)
4)Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

Question 24

The nurse determines that which the following drug combinations would have an additive effect in the client being treated for anemia?
1)Erythropoietin (Epogen)and pantoprazole (Protonix)
2)Ferrous sulfate (NuIron)and ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
3)Ferrous sulfate (NuIron)and folic acid
4)Folic Acid and pyridoxine (vitamin B₆)

Question 25

The nurse recognizes that which food on a client's tray could cause a drug-food interaction with warfarin (Coumadin)?
1)Toasted cheese sandwich
2)Spinach salad
3)Banana
4)Iced tea

Question 26

The nurse has just administered ciprofloxacin (Cipro), a fluoroquinoline, to a client.In order to prevent a food-drug interaction, the nurse should remove which item from the client's lunch tray?
1)Orange juice
2)Milk
3)Tomatoes
4)Chocolate cake

Question 27

A client receiving tetracycline should be instructed by the nurse to avoid taking the medication with which food(s)to prevent possible drug interactions?
1)Citrus juices
2)Dairy products
3)Beef
4)Legumes