Deck 18: Diet in Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

A client has been instructed by the health-care provider to substitute 25 grams of soy protein for animal protein. A nurse knows that this action is most likely to reduce:
1)Risk of death from cardiac events.
2)LDL-C.
3)Fatty acids.
4)Antioxidants.

Answer 1

2

Question 2

A nurse is educating a client on low-sodium diet options. Which of the following statements by the client indicate that teaching has been successful?
1)"I am okay to eat any product that says it is light in sodium."
2)"Products that indicate they are very low sodium only have 5 mg of sodium."
3)"Drinking diet ginger ale is a lower sodium option to regular ginger ale."
4)"Drinking unsweetened tea is a low-sodium beverage choice."

Answer 2

4

Question 3

A nurse is educating the client on the DASH diet. As such, the nurse recommends that meat servings be prepared by: Select all that apply.
1)Frying
2)Broiling
3)Roasting
4)Boiling
5)Baking

Answer 3

2, 3, 4, 5

Question 4

Which of the following are diet modifications for a client who has suffered a myocardial infarction? Select all that apply.
1)Nothing by mouth while shock persists
2)Fewer, large meals
3)Progress from a liquid diet to a soft diet
4)Fluid is given intravenously
5)Dry, chunky food is avoided

Question 5

A client asks how to reduce his or her risk of stroke. Which response made by a nurse is accurate?
1)Decrease intake of whole grains.
2)Normalize blood pressure.
3)Reduce intake of fatty fish.
4)Consume roughly 1,600 mg/day of sodium.

Question 6

A nurse is educating the client on ways to reduce sodium intake. Which of the following statements is accurate?
1)Softening your water will decrease your water's sodium content.
2)Over-the-counter antacids are usually low in sodium.
3)Using distilled water can help control the amount of sodium in your drinking water.
4)There are only a few salt substitutes on the market.

Question 7

A nurse is feeding a client with hemiplegia who has had a stroke. Which action should the nurse take?
1)Turn the client's head toward the weak side.
2)Place food on the affected side of the tongue.
3)Provide thin liquids for meals.
4)Provide dry foods for meals.

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a client recovering from a stroke. Which food is easiest to manage for this client?
1)Dry cereal
2)Smoothie
3)Stew
4)Honey

Question 9

How many daily servings of carbohydrate does the DASH diet recommend?
1)2 to 3
2)4 to 5
3)6 to 8
4)8 to 10

Question 10

The DASH diet notes that a client's diet should have the most of which nutrient?
1)Fat
2)Protein
3)Carbohydrate
4)Sodium

Question 11

A nurse is educating a client who has been diagnosed with hypertension. Which statement made by the nurse is accurate?
1)Essential hypertension presents in response to another disease in the body.
2)Most hypertensive clients have primary hypertension.
3)Stage 2 high blood pressure is a systolic reading of 130 to 139 Hg or a diastolic reading of 80 to 90 mm Hg.
4)Individuals with hypertension usually feel ill.

Question 12

A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following should the nurse expect as part of the client's heart failure treatment? Select all that apply.
1)Treatment of sleep apnea
2)Management of diabetes
3)Stress management strategies
4)Decrease exercise
5)Decrease alcohol intake

Question 13

Which of the following are daily servings that adhere to the DASH diet? Select all that apply.
1)Two cups dry cereal and two slices of toast
2)A smoothie that includes 12 ounces of juice and four peaches
3)Two cups of skim milk
4)Two ounces of almonds
5)Salmon cooked with 2 tablespoons of olive oil

Question 14

A client is making dietary changes to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease. As such, the client is consuming higher amounts of trout, substituting soy protein for animal protein, and increasing intake of fruits. Which of the following is the client trying to achieve? Select all that apply.
1)Reduced risk of death from cardiac event
2)Reduced LDL-C
3)Increased level of antioxidants
4)Increased level of potassium
5)Reduced intake of sodium

Question 15

A nurse is caring for a client who has had a heart attack. Which adaptive response may influence the client's diet?
1)Xerostomia
2)Increased renal function
3)Slow gastrointestinal function
4)Difficulty chewing and swallowing

Question 16

A client with heart failure should be given food that is: Select all that apply.
1)Dry and chunky
2)Nutrient-dense
3)Easily digested
4)Liquid formulas
5)Low in sodium

Question 17

A nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. Which modification should the nurse expect?
1)The client will have lower energy needs.
2)The client should consume larger meals.
3)The client should consume easily eaten foods.
4)The client will need less water-soluble vitamins that normal.

Question 18

Which of the following affects blood pressure by promoting excretion of urine?
1)Potassium
2)Sodium
3)Cholesterol
4)Carbohydrates

Question 19

Which of the following are appropriate servings for a heart-healthy diet based on a 2,000 calorie diet? Select all that apply.
1)Three deli sandwiches per week
2)A single 8-ounce diet soda per week
3)Four servings of black beans per week
4)One ounce of whole-wheat bread per day
5)Five cups of blueberries per day

Question 20

A nurse is caring for a client with elevated serum cholesterol. The dietitian has created a special diet plan for this client to help treat this condition. Which of the following can the nurse expect to be limited as part of this plan? Select all that apply.
1)Red meat
2)Legumes
3)Sugars
4)Sodium
5)Whole milk