Deck 17: Diet in Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia

Question 1

A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about carbohydrate counting, the glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL). Which statements by the nurse are accurate? Select all that apply.
1)"All carbohydrates can be counted the same way."
2)"The more processed a food, typically, the higher its GI."
3)"Eating carbohydrates with proteins will minimize the overall glycemic effect of one food."
4)"Fiber from beans tend to have lower GI/GL."
5)"Following a low GI/GL diet will decrease your risk of hypoglycemia."

Answer 1

2, 3, 4, 5

Question 2

Which of the following has also been called "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus"?
1)Prediabetes
2)Type 1 diabetes
3)Type 2 diabetes
4)Gestational diabetes

Answer 2

2

Question 3

A nurse is caring for a pregnant client who is also obese. The client indicates that her mother and sister both had gestational diabetes during assessment. When should the nurse expect that client will be tested for gestational diabetes?
1)As soon as possible
2)10 to 14 weeks gestation
3)15 to 20 weeks gestation
4)24 to 28 weeks gestation

Answer 3

1

Question 4

A client with type 1 diabetes is brought to the emergency department after experiencing acute illness and dehydration. Which condition does a nurse know may occur?
1)Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
2)Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS)
3)Hypoglycemia
4)Diabetic retinopathy

Question 5

Which of the following are considered the cornerstones of managing diabetes? Select all that apply.
1)Reduce blood pressure
2)Engage in physical activity
3)Take medication consistently
4)Weight loss
5)Nutritional management

Question 6

A nurse is educating a client on fasting hypoglycemia. Which statements by the client indicate education has been successful? Select all that apply.
1)"Fasting hypoglycemia indicates that I have diabetes."
2)"I can develop fasting hypoglycemia a few hours after I eat."
3)"If my blood glucose level is less than 70 mg/mL in the morning, I have fasting hypoglycemia."
4)"I'm more at risk for fasting hypoglycemia following critical illness."
5)"Binge drinking may lead to fasting hypoglycemia."

Question 7

A nurse is caring for a pediatric client with hyperglycemia and excessive ketones. Which of the following should the nurse suspect?
1)Ketoacidosis
2)Hypoglycemia
3)Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome
4)Gastroparesis

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes. The client reports a headache and double vision. The nurse also notes the client is sweating. After testing, the nurse finds a blood glucose level of 65 mg/dL. Which actions should be taken? Select all that apply.
1)The client should consume 4 to 6 ounces of juice.
2)The blood glucose should be checked every 15 minutes.
3)The client should eat a snack.
4)The client should consume 20 grams of carbohydrate every hour until stabilized.
5)The client should be monitored closely until blood glucose reaches 70 mg/dL.

Question 9

While educating a client who has diabetes, a nurse states "Your primary concern should be to achieve optimal glucose, blood pressure, and lipid goals." Which type of diabetes does the client likely have?
1)Prediabetes
2)Type 1 diabetes
3)Type 2 diabetes
4)Gestational diabetes

Question 10

How many carbohydrate servings are included in a bowl of cereal that contains 45 total grams of carbohydrates?
1)2 servings
2)3 servings
3)5 servings
4)6 servings

Question 11

Which of the following may be responsible for secondary diabetes? Select all that apply.
1)Pregnancy
2)Pancreatitis
3)Down syndrome
4)Cushing disease
5)Glucocorticoids

Question 12

Which of the following are symptoms of hypoglycemia? Select all that apply.
1)Headache
2)Double vision
3)Polyuria
4)Sweating
5)Seizure

Question 13

A nurse is teaching a seminar on types of hypoglycemia not related to diabetes. Which of the statements made by the nurse is true?
1)Reactive hypoglycemia occurs after an overnight fast.
2)Fasting hypoglycemia may occur several hours after you eat.
3)If you experience hypoglycemia, you should consume simple carbohydrates.
4)Binge drinking may cause hypoglycemia.

Question 14

Which of the following are considered part of the classic triad of signs and symptoms that indicate diabetes? Select all that apply.
1)Polyuria
2)Double vision
3)Polydipsia
4)Polyphagia
5)Excessive body fat

Question 15

Which of the following refers to an abnormally high amount of glucose in the urine?
1)Polyuria
2)Polydipsia
3)Glycosuria
4)Hypoglycemia

Question 16

Which of the following should a nurse note when counseling a client with type 1 diabetes on physical exercise? Select all that apply.
1)Exercise is strongly encouraged to improve cardiovascular fitness.
2)Insulin levels remain largely unaffected by physical exercise.
3)Blood pressure may drop during exercise for those with type 1 diabetes.
4)Exercise may worsen renal conditions.
5)Physical activity will increase the number of your insulin receptors.

Question 17

Which statement made by a client with type 1 diabetes indicates education about nutritional goals has been effective?
1)I need to be vigilant about reducing my kilocalorie intake.
2)Even if I manage my diabetes, I'll still suffer from chronic renal disease.
3)I need to coordinate my exercise, food intake, and insulin injections carefully.
4)Lowering my blood pressure is a primary goal.

Question 18

A nurse is educating a woman with type 1 diabetes. Which statement made by the nurse is true regarding alcohol consumption?
1)You should avoid drinking alcohol to maintain glycemic control.
2)You should only consume around 3 alcoholic drinks per week.
3)Drinking may lead to delayed hypoglycemia.
4)Drinking sugar alcohols is not safe.

Question 19

A nurse is teaching a client with type 1 diabetes. Which statement made by the client indicates teaching has been successful?
1)My weight predisposed me to this condition.
2)I am more prone to autoimmune conditions.
3)Most people who have diabetes have type 1 diabetes.
4)My body is resistant to insulin.

Question 20

A nurse is caring for a critically ill client who has type 2 diabetes. Which treatment should the nurse expect in this client?
1)Integration of insulin therapy
2)Consistent timing of insulin to food intake
3)Prescription of an insulin pump
4)Use of an insulin drip