Deck 14: Nutrient Delivery

Question 1

A client is receiving nutrition through a feeding tube. Which type of enteral feeding formula would likely be used if the client needs to receive all essential nutrients in a specific volume?
1)Modular formula
2)Polymeric formula
3)Elemental formula
4)Disease-specific formula

Answer 1

2

Question 2

What actions can a nurse take to help prevent clients from developing iatrogenic malnutrition? Select all that apply.
1)Regularly communicate with other health-care team members.
2)Record clients' weights at regular intervals.
3)Rely on the dietitian's direction regarding composition of nutritional mixtures.
4)Monitor length of time clients are NPO or on liquid diets.
5)Recognize increased nutritional needs of the injured client.

Answer 2

1, 2, 4, 5

Question 3

A client presents to the emergency department with throat inflammation, nausea, and mouth sores. A nurse expects that the health-care provider will order which of the following?
1)Peripheral parenteral nutrition
2)Central parenteral nutrition
3)Feeding tube
4)PICC line

Answer 3

3

Question 4

Which of the following refers to feeding a client via a vein away from the center of the body?
1)Enteral nutrition (EN)
2)Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN)
3)Central parenteral nutrition (CPN)
4)Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC line)

Question 5

A nurse is caring for a client receiving bolus feedings. During feeding, the client complains of cramping and bloating. Which actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
1)Flush the tube.
2)Bring formula to room temperature prior to feeding.
3)Change to a lactose-free formula.
4)Decrease fat content of formula.
5)Elevate the client's bed.

Question 6

A nurse is teaching a seminar to parents of pediatric clients in the neonatal intensive care unit about various forms of nutrition their children might receive. Which of the following statements made by the nurse are true? Select all that apply.
1)Breast milk can be delivered through tube feeding, if needed.
2)Breast milk has a limited hang time of 1 hour.
3)If your child receives nutrition through a central line, they will need to be gradually weaned off.
4)If your child receives nutrition through a central line, they may be disinterested in eating once they switch to oral nutritional intake.
5)If you need to continue bolus feedings at home, you will likely use a closed system for tube feeding.

Question 7

Which of the following strategies can a nurse take to help prevent hyperglycemia in a client receiving tube feedings?
1)Select a low-carbohydrate formula.
2)Provide adequate fluids.
3)Monitor serum levels.
4)Reduce potassium intake.

Question 8

A client has been hospitalized for several weeks. During this time, the client's nurses are careful to record the client's weight, monitor the client's stool frequency, and document the client's food intake. The nurses are likely trying to combat which of the following?
1)Hyperglycemia
2)Hypernatremia
3)Overfeeding
4)Iatrogenic malnutrition

Question 9

In which acute care situations would parenteral nutrition be indicated? Select all that apply.
1)A client who has just had a major gastrointestinal (GI) surgery
2)A client who meets 40% of energy requirements after receiving nutrition by enteral route alone for 8 days
3)A client who is severely malnourished and does not wish to feed enterally
4)A previously healthy client who was admitted to the intensive are unit after 7 days of hospitalization
5)A client who meets 70% of energy requirements after receiving nutrition by enteral route alone for 6 days

Question 10

Which of the following may contribute to the hospitalized client developing iatrogenic malnutrition? Select all that apply.
1)Drug therapy
2)Open feeding systems
3)Preparation for diagnostic tests
4)Pain
5)Paralysis

Question 11

A health-care provider has ordered that a 1-year-old pediatric client who has been receiving central peripheral nutrition should transition to oral feeding. Which of the following actions should a nurse take? Select all that apply.
1)Monitor the client for hypoglycemia.
2)Taper off the infusion.
3)Anticipate rapid shifts of potassium.
4)Keep CPN at a steady rate as oral intake increases.
5)Expect the client to struggle with oral feeding.

Question 12

A nurse is educating parents of a pediatric client who will need to receive bolus feedings at home. The client will be fed through an open system. Which will the nurse share with the parents?
1)The feeding formula will be prepackaged, so all you will need to do is hang the bag.
2)You will fill a bag with liquid formula for each feeding.
3)You will not be able to add additional fiber to your child's feedings.
4)You will not be able to use commercially prepared products.

Question 13

Which of the following are actions a nurse should take when administering bolus feedings? Select all that apply.
1)Elevate the client's head at a minimum of 30° to 45°.
2)Feed the client 4 to 6 times per day.
3)Expect the client to feel nauseated.
4)Allow no more than a 4-hour hang time per bag.
5)Flush the feeding tube every 4 hours.

Question 14

A nurse is caring for a client who has developed irritation to his feeding tube in the past. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent this from occurring?
1)Flush the tube.
2)Lubricate the tube before insertion.
3)Use an infusion pump.
4)Elevate the client's bed.

Question 15

Which should occur weekly in a client who receives parenteral nutrition?
1)Liver function test
2)Serum electrolytes
3)Complete blood count
4)Fluid intake and output measurement

Question 16

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving tube feeds. Which actions should the nurse take to help prevent metabolic side effects? Select all that apply.
1)Flush tube per instructions.
2)Monitor the client's hydration status.
3)Initiate feedings at a low rate.
4)Monitor serum levels.
5)Evaluate total kilocalories provided.

Question 17

Which of the following strategies can a nurse take to help prevent hypernatremia in a client receiving bolus feedings?
1)Monitor serum levels.
2)Provide adequate fluids.
3)Reduce potassium intake.
4)Select a low-carbohydrate, high-fat formula.

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a client receiving tube feedings and medication. Which action should the nurse take to appropriately administer the medication?
1)Add the medication directly to the feeding formula.
2)Give medication in capsule form.
3)Crush tablets and mix with sterile water.
4)Give all medications at once.

Question 19

A nurse is educating a client on parenteral nutrition. The nurse notes that parenteral nutrition is maintained at a constant rate in an adult client to avoid:
1)Metabolic disturbances.
2)Hypoglycemia rebound.
3)Hypolipidemia.
4)Rapid increase of nutrient concentrations in the serum.

Question 20

An adult client is transitioning from CPN to oral feeding. Which of the following should a nurse expect? Select all that apply.
1)The client's gastrointestinal tract may have atrophied.
2)The health-care provider will order a general diet.
3)The client may have an aversion to eating orally.
4)The nurse should monitor glucose levels regularly.
5)The PN rate should be gradually reduced.