Deck 2: Optimizing Population Health

Question 1

If a nurse is using the natural history of a disease to help develop a primary prevention program for a specific disease, he or she would begin with:

A)Making sure that everyone in a certain area receives treatment.
B)Studying the continuum of the disease with a focus on the disease free state.
C)Looking at screening tools for identifying person who may have the disease.
D)Going to the autopsies of the patients who have died.

Answer 1

Studying the continuum of the disease with a focus on the disease free state.

Question 2

A patient diagnosed with diabetes buys books, reads articles, talks with knowledgeable people, informs himself about what he can do to improve his health, and takes action. The nurse recognizes this method of adult learning as:

A)Pedagogy
B)Andragogy
C)Constructivism
D)Humanism

Answer 2

Humanism

Question 3

Which of these tests is not an indicator of health literacy?

A)The Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA)
B)Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM)
C)National Quality Forum (NQF)
D)Suitability Assessment of Material (SAM)

Answer 3

National Quality Forum (NQF)

Question 4

A nursing student is studying the seven priorities of the National Prevention Strategy. The student correctly identifies which one of the following interventions as not reflecting any of the seven priorities in this plan?

A)Conducting a smoking cessation clinic
B)Assisting low-income families to sign up for health-care insurance
C)Providing nutrition classes which offer weekly fill-in guides for grocery shopping
D)Building a health and exercise center in a hospital near the physical and occupational therapy areas

Question 5

In order to assess the prevalence of a disease in a population, a PHN can use the prevalence pot to help better understand the occurrence of disease in her or his community. The prevalence pot: Select all that apply.

A)Depicts the total number of current cases in the population.
B)Takes into account duration and incidence of the disease.
C)Includes assessing the total number of cases of a disease taking into account all of the stages of the disease.
D)Is a method of calculating the potential number of new cases in a population.

Question 6

When screening for, monitoring, and diagnosing disease, a health-care provider always evaluates a measurement tool for which of the following attributes? Select all that apply.

A)Reliability
B)Validity
C)Functionality
D)Sensitivity
E)Specificity

Question 7

Population attributable risk (PAR) is based on the assumption that the risk factor is removed from the entire population being targeted. It also can be used to calculate the cost benefit and the ____ of a prevention program.

A)Cost effectiveness
B)Necessity
C)Population ecology
D)Percent of repeat participants

Question 8

Based on the Social-Ecological model of health, which of the following are components of health? Select all that apply.

A)Physical environments
B)Social environments
C)Social relations
D)Political systems
E)Health-care systems

Question 9

A nursing student is studying preventable causes of death. In 2011, what was not one of the four leading at-risk behaviors that were underlying causes of disease and preventable death?

A)Tobacco use
B)Falls
C)Alcohol use
D)Lack of exercise or physical activity
E)Poor nutrition

Question 10

A public health nurse (PHN) notices the rising incidence of H1N1 (swine flu) in a geographic area. The nurse considers possible interventions, knowing that the preclinical phase of H1N1 lasts:

A)One to two days
B)Two to four days
C)Three to four days
D)Five to seven days

Question 11

A nursing student is listening to a lecture on poor health outcomes. Based on research by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), the instructor says that for an individual with a non-communicable disease less knowledge of chronic disease management and performance of fewer health promotion activities at home, most likely reflects:

A)Low health literacy
B)Lack of adequate health insurance
C)Limited access to medical services
D)Few prevention programs within the community

Question 12

In 2011, the National Prevention Strategy released a plan to increase the number of Americans who are healthy at every stage of life. Which of the following is not one of the strategic directions included in the strategy?

A)Eliminating health disparities
B)Building healthy and safe community efforts
C)Increasing access to care
D)Empowering people to make healthy choices

Question 13

Attributable risk is the proportion of cases or injuries that would be eliminated if a risk factor did not occur, but preventable fraction is:

A)The number of cases that actually occur in a given population at a specific point in time.
B)What could be achieved with a program implemented in a community setting within the at-risk population when community members actually participate in the program.
C)The number of cases that require intervention.
D)An estimation of the number of cases with the high-risk factor(s).

Question 14

In the traditional public health prevention framework, the level of prevention that includes early detection and initiation of treatment for disease, or screening, is referred to as the:

A)Clinical level
B)Primary level
C)Tertiary level
D)Secondary level

Question 15

The nursing student is studying learning theories. He learns that television commercials are an example of which learning theory?

A)Constructivism
B)Cognitivist
C)Bandura's theory of social learning
D)Behaviorism

Question 16

A school cafeteria is planning menus for the school year. They used the 2012 national law that calls for school lunch programs to have larger portions of fruits and vegetables, less sodium, and no trans fats as their guide. This is an example of:

A)An upstream approach
B)An examination of the social aspects of obesity
C)A downstream approach
D)A and C

Question 17

When a health-care provider offers nutritional health teaching on portions, patterns, and choices, he or she is using which type of approach?

A)Ecological
B)Downstream
C)Upstream
D)Health promotion