Deck 24: Endocrine Disorders

Question 1

Which value of cortisol levels does the nurse expect to find in the laboratory report of a client with Cushing's disease? 1.0.6 mcg/dL
2)1.8 mcg/dL
3)2.4 mcg/dL
4)3.8 mcg/dL

Answer 1

4

Question 2

A client is diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia. Which sign or symptom observed in the client indicates the presence of pituitary tumors?
1)Bone pain
2)Galactorrhea
3)Gynecomastia
4)Visual disturbances

Answer 2

4

Question 3

A client is experiencing issues with abnormal blood glucose levels and infertility. The health-care provider prescribes a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the client's head. If asked, which explanation for the test does the nurse provide?
1)"Your issues may be related to your pituitary gland."
2)"The test will rule out the possibility of a brain aneurysm."
3)"This helps identify brain damage from abnormal glucose levels."
4)"A variety of tests will narrow down possible causes of your issues."

Answer 3

1

Question 4

A client is being scheduled for thyroid testing. For which diagnostic test does the nurse prepare the client for detecting hyperactivity of the thyroid gland?
1)Sestamibi scan
2)Ultrasound
3)Radioactive iodine scan
4)Computerized tomography (CT) scan of the anterior neck

Question 5

Which endocrine disorder involves treatment using antithyroid hormone medication such as propylthiouracil (PTU)?
1)Graves's disease
2)Plummer's disease
3)Cushing's disease
4)Addison's disease

Question 6

Which diagnostic test is appropriate to rule out ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting tumors in the body?
1)Chest x-ray
2)Octreotide scintigraphy
3)Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
4)Abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scan

Question 7

A client tells the nurse, "I've been feeling excessively thirsty for the last 2 days." On examination, the nurse finds the client has poor skin turgor, low blood pressure, and dry skin. A computerized tomography scan of the client's head shows a pituitary tumor. Which treatment does the nurse expect to be prescribed by the health-care provider?
1)Bromocriptine
2)Growth hormone
3)Arginine vasopressin
4)Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 8

A client who underwent laryngotomy presented with depression, increased sensitivity to cold, and constipation. On assessment, the nurse identifies the client with a puffy face and periorbital edema. The blood report shows a high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Which does the nurse interpret from the findings?
1)The client has hypothyroidism.
2)The client has hyperthyroidism.
3)The client has hypoparathyroidism.
4)The client has hyperparathyroidism.

Question 9

Which condition exhibits "moon facies" as a characteristic symptom?
1)Myxedema
2)Graves's disease
3)Cushing's syndrome
4)Adrenal insufficiency

Question 10

Which medication does the health-care provider prescribe for the treatment of prolactinoma in a client with hyperpituitarism?
1)Conivaptan
2)Furosemide
3)Bromocriptine
4)Levothyroxine

Question 11

The nurse observes the final diagnosis of four clients in their case reports as given here. In which client does the nurse notice the presence of Chvostek's sign and Trousseau's sign?
1)The client diagnosed with pineal tumor
2)The client diagnosed with hypothyroidism
3)The client diagnosed with pheochromocytoma
4)The client diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a client with seizures, severely elevated blood pressure, and impaired mentation. The health-care provider suspects the client's condition is an endocrine disorder. A 24-hour urinalysis report shows an excess amount of catecholamine metabolites. What is the diagnosis of the client?
1)The client has a pineal tumor.
2)The client has pheochromocytoma.
3)The client has Cushing's syndrome.
4)The client has multiple endocrine neoplasia.

Question 13

Which congenital condition does the nurse recognize as being due to thyroid hormone deficiency during embryonic development and early neonatal life?
1)Cretinism
2)Pheochromocytoma
3)Sheehan's syndrome
4)Fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 14

Four clients are diagnosed with different endocrine disorders as given here. Which client would be prescribed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the abdomen to visualize the adrenal gland?
1)The client diagnosed with a pineal tumor
2)The client diagnosed with hypothyroidism
3)The client diagnosed with pheochromocytoma
4)The client diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism

Question 15

A male adolescent client with an age of 13 years is assessed at a height of 4 feet, 2 inches. The manifestation is related to abnormal growth hormone levels. Which treatment does the nurse expect to be prescribed?
1)Transsphenoidal surgery of the pituitary
2)Regular administration of bromocriptine
3)Radioactive iodine ablation therapy
4)Growth hormone replacement therapy

Question 16

Which disorder does the nurse recognize as being caused by an increase in the hormones that are secreted from the adrenal gland?
1)Addison's disease
2)Hypothyroidism
3)Diabetes mellitus
4)Cushing's syndrome

Question 17

The nurse is caring for four clients in a health-care setting diagnosed with different endocrine disorders. Which client requires treatment by placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt?
1)The client diagnosed with pineal tumor
2)The client diagnosed with diabetes insipidus
3)The client diagnosed with pheochromocytoma
4)The client diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome

Question 18

The nurse finds the symptoms of thyroid dysfunction in a client are due to abnormal pituitary activity. The client's laboratory report shows a low TSH level, which supports the nurse's finding. Which type of endocrine disorder is likely present in the client?
1)Primary hypothyroidism
2)Tertiary hyperthyroidism
3)Primary hyperthyroidism
4)Secondary hypothyroidism

Question 19

Which disorder is described as the complete loss of all of the pituitary hormones?
1)Hypopituitarism
2)Panhypopituitarism
3)Sheehan's syndrome
4)Empty sella syndrome

Question 20

The nurse educator is reviewing treatment strategies that are beneficial to a client with hyperparathyroidism with a group of staff nurses. Which statement by an attending nurse does the nurse educator correct?
1)"The client is prescribed calcitonin to inhibit bone breakdown."
2)"The client is prescribed calcium and vitamins for bone building."
3)"The client is advised to increase water intake to prevent kidney stones."
4)"The client is prescribed bisphosphonates to stimulate osteoclast activity."

Question 21

The caregiver of a client tells the nurse, "The client has coarsening of facial features and enlarged bones in the face." On assessment of the client, the nurse finds that the client has high blood pressure and visual impairment. Which diagnostic tests does the nurse expect the health-care provider to prescribe? Select all that apply.
1)Ultrasonography
2)Computerized tomography (CT) scan of the whole head
3)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the whole head
4)Corticotropin stimulation test
5)Blood studies of tropic hormones

Question 22

While assessing a client with a pineal tumor, the nurse finds disturbed vision. Which other signs and symptoms are associated with this disorder? Select all that apply.
1)Seizures
2)Bulging eyes
3)Conjunctivitis
4)Memory disturbances
5)Upper eyelid retraction

Question 23

A client is admitted to the emergency room with symptoms of impaired mentation, two episodes of seizures, nausea, and vomiting. The blood studies reveal hyponatremia, a high antidiuretic hormone (ADH) level, and low serum osmolality. The urine study shows high urine osmolality. Which medications would be beneficial to the client in this situation? Select all that apply.
1)Conivaptan
2)Furosemide
3)Tetracyclines
4)Bromocriptine
5)Levothyroxine

Question 24

Which signs or symptoms does the nurse observe while assessing a client with diabetes insipidus? Select all that apply.
1)Amenorrhea
2)Galactorrhea
3)Poor skin turgor
4)Orthostatic hypotension
5)Dry mucous membranes

Question 25

Which electrolyte disturbances occur due to low levels of aldosterone? Select all that apply.
1)Hyperkalemia
2)Hyponatremia
3)Hypercalcemia
4)Hypomagnesemia
5)Hypoglycemia