Deck 22: Communicable Diseases

Question 1

The nurse learns that a 16-year-old patient has not received the human papilloma virus vaccine (HPV-Gardasil). Which should the nurse explain to the patient at this time about the vaccination?

A)"The complete vaccine can be given today."
B)"You can wait a few years before needing the vaccination."
C)"A dose can be given today with the final dose in 6 months."
D)"A dose should be given today with follow-up doses in 1 to 2 months, and the last in 6 months."

Answer 1

"A dose should be given today with follow-up doses in 1 to 2 months, and the last in 6 months."

Question 2

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
A school-age child is diagnosed with hand, foot, and mouth disease. Which should the nurse instruct the parent to do when caring for the patient at home? Select all that apply.

A)Provide bland foods and fluids.
B)Offer generous amounts of oral fluids.
C)Wash clothes with hot soapy water and bleach.
D)Use acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain control.
E)Instruct to flush the mouth with an alcohol-based mouthwash.

Answer 2

Provide bland foods and fluids.
Offer generous amounts of oral fluids.
Use acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain control.

Question 3

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The nurse is visiting the home of a patient with hepatitis B who is 1 week postpartum. Which information should the nurse include when teaching this patient? Select all that apply.

A)"Hepatitis B is only transmitted through sexual contact."
B)"The baby may have contracted hepatitis B through the pregnancy."
C)"There are no medications appropriate for children with hepatitis B."
D)"After the baby has received treatment, there is no need for follow-up."
E)"The baby should have received the hepatitis B immunization and hepatitis B immune globulin."

Answer 3

"The baby may have contracted hepatitis B through the pregnancy."
"The baby should have received the hepatitis B immunization and hepatitis B immune globulin."

Question 4

A school-age patient with rubella is placed in droplet precautions. Which action should the nurse take when implementing these precautions?

A)Use a mask with a HEPA filter.
B)Instruct to cough into the hands.
C)Wear a mask when providing care.
D)Assign to a negative air pressure room.

Question 5

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
A parent with a school-age child with mumps asks for information about the illness and treatment. Which information should the nurse provide? Select all that apply.

A)"There is no need to isolate the child."
B)"There are no laboratory tests to detect the mumps virus."
C)"Sometimes the complications of mumps involve the testicles."
D)"Mumps are seen by observation of swelling around the ears and jaw."
E)"Provide food and drink that is nonirritating to the mouth and surrounding glands."

Question 6

A school-age child is brought to the clinic to be evaluated for a headache and stomachache. For which reason should the nurse prepare the patient to have a rapid strep test?

A)Runny nose
B)Productive cough
C)Strawberry tongue
D)Jaundiced conjunctiva

Question 7

An older patient with weeping lesions caused by herpes zoster asks if a trip to visit small grandchildren can still occur this upcoming weekend. Which should the nurse say to the patient in response?

A)"There is no reason for you to cancel your trip."
B)"You should not travel until all of the lesions are healed."
C)"Be sure to keep the lesions covered until they crust over."
D)"As long as the lesions are kept uncovered, you can travel without any issues."

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has inflammation of the right eye. Which finding, if present, would indicate to the nurse that the child has bacterial conjunctivitis rather than viral conjunctivitis?

A)Eye swelling
B)Red conjunctiva
C)Watery discharge
D)Purulent drainage

Question 9

The nurse is providing care to an 8-week-old infant who has symptoms of an upper respiratory infection. Which assessment finding should indicate to the nurse that the patient is experiencing pertussis?

A)An expiratory wheeze
B)A "whoop" sound after coughing
C)Three wet diapers each day
D)Bulging fontanelles

Question 10

A new mother contacts the health-care provider's office to ask for guidance regarding a change in the infant's health. For which reason should the nurse direct the mother to seek immediate medical attention?

A)Difficult to arouse
B)Wetting six diapers a day
C)Breastfeeding every 3 hours
D)Sleeping for several hours in the afternoon

Question 11

The nurse is caring for a school-age patient diagnosed with hepatitis A. For which reason should the nurse begin implementing contact precautions for this patient?

A)Incontinent of feces
B)Evidence of dehydration
C)Development of dark urine
D)Severe nausea and vomiting

Question 12

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
A 17-year-old patient with influenza tells the nurse, "I can't believe I got sick. I've been taking vitamin C, vitamin D, echinacea, and some other herbal remedies to boost my immune system." Which should the nurse say in response to this patient? Select all that apply.

A)"You probably weren't taking enough of the supplements."
B)"Those supplements help with focus and attention, not disease prevention."
C)"The safe use of supplements and herbs has not been determined."
D)"The vitamins you were taking may have reduced the effectiveness of the herbs."
E)"The effectiveness of supplements and herbs against influenza has not been determined."

Question 13

An adolescent develops a fever, cough, and a maculopapular rash. Which question should the nurse ask when completing the health history with this patient?

A)"Did you receive any vaccinations recently?"
B)"Do you usually eat cold pizza left on the counter overnight?"
C)"Do you forget to wash your hands after using the bathroom?"
D)"Have you been around anyone with a cold over the last 3 weeks?"

Question 14

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
An adolescent is diagnosed with mononucleosis. Which teaching should the nurse provide to the parents when providing care at home? Select all that apply.

A)Encourage ample fluids.
B)Avoid all contact sports for 6 to 8 weeks.
C)Encourage rest with quiet activities and play.
D)Limit the amount of caloric intake until recovered.
E)Provide ibuprofen or acetaminophen for elevated temperature.

Question 15

A parent brings her school-age child to the physician's office for evaluation of a sore throat, fever, headache, and fine red rough rash over both arms and abdomen. For which health problem should the nurse plan care for this patient?

A)Croup
B)Tonsillitis
C)Epiglottitis
D)Scarlet fever with strep throat

Question 16

A parent brings a 2-month-old baby in for a routine wellness examination. Which vaccination should the nurse prepare to administer to this patient?

A)Hepatitis A
B)Hepatitis B
C)Inactivated poliovirus
D)Measles, mumps, rubella

Question 17

A parent brings his school-age child to the clinic for a rash that developed over the face, trunk, and extremities. Which question should the nurse ask the parent when assessing the patient?

A)"Has the child been nauseated or has the child vomited?"
B)"How often is the child given acetaminophen, or Tylenol?"
C)"Has the child eaten any food that was not properly cooked?"
D)"Was the child exposed to anyone with a respiratory infection?"

Question 18

A parent arrives at the family clinic seeking medical attention for his 14-year-old child. The child has a fever, malaise, nausea, and abdominal pain. Which finding should indicate to the nurse that the patient is experiencing hepatitis A?

A)Elevated serum bilirubin
B)Greater than 10% atypical lymphocytes
C)Presence of the virus in nasal secretions
D)Positive Paul-Bunnell heterophile antibody test

Question 19

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The nurse is writing teaching material about caring for a child with influenza. Which information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

A)Zanamivir is only prescribed for children over 13 years old.
B)Only one antiviral has been approved by the FDA as of 2017.
C)Tamiflu can be given to children older than one on weight-based dosing.
D)Manifestations of the flu include fever, chills, headache, and myalgia (aching).
E)Medications for influenza must be given within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms.

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a 15-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with mononucleosis. The patient asks how the infection was obtained. Which information should the nurse include when responding to the patient?

A)Drinking from the cup of a person with the infection
B)Eating contaminated food
C)Eating meat that is undercooked
D)Inhaling airborne germs, such as after someone coughs