Deck 13: Intravenous Therapy

Question 1

You have been called to assist a new nurse on the floor to perform a venipuncture on her client who is 82-years-old. The new nurse is upset, because they are having difficulty performing the venipuncture. What would be best for you to explain to the new nurse about why they may find it difficult to conduct venipuncture on an older adult?

A) Older adults find it difficult to keep still during the procedure.
B) Older adults find the procedure more painful than others.
C) Veins of older adults tend to be rigid.
D) Older adults have cardiac or renal disorders.

Answer 1

Veins of older adults tend to be rigid.

Question 2

You are caring for a client who is NPO due to having a bowel obstruction. What solution is administered to maintain fluid balance when a client is unable to eat or drink temporarily?

A) Isotonic solution
B) Hypotonic solution
C) Hypertonic solution
D) Colloid solution

Answer 2

Isotonic solution

Question 3

You are caring for a client who has just had total parenteral nutrition (TPN) ordered. You know that TPN is used for what?

A) To meet the client's need for protein
B) To provide calories and prevent weight loss
C) To provide glucose to the client and prevent weight loss
D) To meet the client's caloric and nutritional needs

Answer 3

To meet the client's caloric and nutritional needs

Question 4

The nurse caring for a client with an intravenous infusion is looking up their institutions policy on changing IV equipment used in a venipuncture. When is most IV tubing changed?

A) Every 12 hours
B) Every 24 hours
C) Every 48 hours
D) Every 72 hours

Question 5

You are precepting a senior nursing student for the day. One of your clients needs a blood transfusion. What would you explain to the student about interventions a nurse should perform to minimize the risk for a septic reaction due to bacterial contamination of blood used for transfusion?

A) Warm the blood for 4 hours before infusion.
B) Infuse the blood 8 hours after refrigerating it.
C) Infuse the blood in 4 hours or less after refrigerating it.
D) Test the blood for contamination just before infusion.

Question 6

You are the Emergency Department nurse caring for a client who has just been admitted by ambulance for a suspected myocardial infarction. The physician orders IV fluids of normal saline to be hung at 100 mL/hr. You know that this is what type of IV solution?

A) Crystalloid
B) Colloid
C) Hypertonic
D) Hypotonic

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a client who has IV fluids infusing. What is the nurse's responsibility in assessing this client?

A) Assess the client's condition each shift.
B) Assess the venipuncture site each shift.
C) Assess the rate of the infusion at least hourly.
D) Assess the venipuncture site at least hourly.

Question 8

The nursing instructor is discussing the different types of IV fluids with the nursing students. What type of fluid would the instructor tell the students is used to replace circulating blood?

A) Hypertonic solutions
B) Crystalloid solutions
C) Hypotonic solutions
D) Colloid solutions

Question 9

You are training nurses at your hospital to insert midline catheters. What would you teach the nurses about how many inches of the catheter should be inserted into the required site and for how long can it be used?

A) 1 to 3 inches, used for up to 3 weeks
B) 3 to 6 inches, used for up to 4 weeks
C) 7 to 8 inches, used for up to 5 weeks
D) 8 to 9 inches, used for up to 6 weeks

Question 10

You are caring for a client who has an order to receive Hespan IV. The client asks you what this solution is for. What would be your best response?

A) "This solution pulls fluid into the vascular space because your circulating volume is low."
B) "This is a colloid solution used to replace blood."
C) "Hespan is a solution used instead of a transfusion."
D) "Hespan is artificial blood."

Question 11

You are beginning an infusion by gravity, because the client's IV pump has malfunctioned. There are no more pumps available. What would indicate the need to use macrodrip tubing?

A) Administering a solution packaged in a glass container.
B) The solution infuses by gravity at a rapid rate.
C) The rate must be infused very precisely.
D) The rate must be infused at a slow rate.

Question 12

Your client is going out on pass for the afternoon with their family. The physician has ordered that their venipuncture device needs to be temporarily capped. How will you ensure that the vein remains patent?

A) Flush the lock with potassium chloride.
B) Flush the lock with saline or heparinized saline.
C) Flush the lock with cyclical total parenteral nutrition (TPN).
D) Flush the lock with colloid solutions.

Question 13

You are caring for an older adult client with an IV infusing at 100 mL/hr. What should you monitor this client for?

A) Urinary retention
B) Circulatory overload
C) Pulmonary embolism
D) Incontinence

Question 14

You are caring for a client who has an IV ordered prior to surgery. You find a clean infusion pump and place it at the client's bedside on anIV pole. Before performing the venipuncture, it is appropriate to do what?

A) Bring all the IV fluid the client will need into their room.
B) Make sure the infusion pump is correctly programmed.
C) Take the client's vital signs.
D) Document what you are going to do.

Question 15

Your client has an IV ordered but there are no IV pumps available. Because your client has an infection, the hospital policy is to have antibiotics started within 1 hour of the client arriving to the unit. You know you will have to infuse the antibiotics by gravity. What factor should you consider when determining the rate of flow when IV solutions are infused by gravity?

A) The volume of the IV solution in relation to the type of solution
B) The volume of the IV solution in relation to the infusion site
C) The height of the IV solution in relation to the infusion site
D) The height of the IV solution in relation to the type of solution

Question 16

You are caring for a client who has just received orders for IV fluids. What information should you obtain from the client before performing a venipuncture?

A) Client's age and sex
B) Client's work environment and life-style
C) Client's dietary preferences
D) Client's nondominant hand

Question 17

The nurse caring for a client who has a medication lock on their venipuncture device knows that medication locks are used when?

A) The client needs intermittent IV medication administration.
B) Continuous IV fluids are going to be run.
C) The client is in the emergency room.
D) The client leaves the floor for a procedure.

Question 18

The nurse is caring for a client who has been on simple IV solutions for 2 days. Why should the nurse avoid maintaining clients on simpleIV solutions, such as dextrose in water, longer than 1 to 2 days?

A) Dextrose in water is nutritionally and calorically inadequate.
B) Dextrose in water has high potential for severe adverse effects.
C) Dextrose in water is not as effective as complex solutions.
D) Dextrose in water carries a high risk of getting contaminated.

Question 19

A nursing instructor is teaching a class on venipuncture. A student asks what to do when the nurse suspects that a client with a venipuncture is developing an infection. What actions should the nurse take to ensure that the client will remain free of infection?

A) Provide the client with plenty of fluids and antibiotics.
B) Maintain a low temperature and humid atmosphere in the client's room.
C) Elevate the client's extremity and massage the infected area thoroughly.
D) Elevate the client's extremity and applying warm compresses.

Question 20

You are writing a plan of care for a client with an intravenous infusion. What is one evaluation that you would perform for the nursing diagnosis Risk for Infection related to disrupted skin integrity secondary to venipuncture and presence of a venous access device?

A) Evaluate intake and output
B) Evaluate nutritional status
C) Evaluate client's usage of their extremity
D) Evaluate extremity for infiltration

Question 21

Your client is going to have an MRI done, and you are temporarily capping the client's venipuncture device. The client asks you how you will cap the line. What is your best answer?

A) "I am just going to take the venipuncture device out and replace it when you return."
B) "I am going to use the cap of a needle taped to the tubing."
C) "I don't have to put anything over the end of the tubing. It is safe as it is."
D) "I am going to use something called a medication lock."

Question 22

You are caring for a client on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). You know TPN is only used when a client is very malnourished, or the client cannot consume food or liquids for an extended period of time. What is the most important aspect of TPN?

A) It is only given to very sick people.
B) It is individualized to the client.
C) It increases the clients insulin needs.
D) It has vitamins and minerals in it.

Question 23

The nursing instructor is teaching student nurses about venipuncture techniques and possible complications from the procedure. What can happen if the venipuncture device is left in the clients' vein to long?

A) Phlebitis can develop.
B) Gangrene can set in.
C) Necrosis of the skin will develop.
D) Cold packs will need to be used to reduce the pain.

Question 24

The nurse is caring for a client with a midline catheter. IV fluids are being infused at 125 mL/hr. The nurse would know to assess what to meet one of the expected outcomes for the nursing diagnosis Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume?

A) What the client orders each meal
B) Who comes to visit the client
C) Lung sounds
D) Temperature

Question 25

Your client has just had a transfusion ordered for severe anemia. You are gathering the supplies that you need in order to transfuse the client. What kind of tubing do you know that you need to infuse blood or blood products?

A) Y-administration tubing
B) Macrodrip tubing
C) Minidrip tubing
D) Primary tubing