Question 1

The nurse is developing a presentation for a local women's health center about breast cancer. Which of the following would the nurse include as being the most common type of breast cancer?&#10;A) Ductal carcinoma&#10;B) Infiltrating lobular carcinoma&#10;C) Medullary carcinoma&#10;D) Inflammatory breast cancer

Accepted Answer

Ductal carcinoma is the most common type of breast cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. Infiltrating lobular carcinoma is the second most common type, but it is less prevalent than ductal carcinoma. Medullary carcinoma is a rare type of breast cancer, and inflammatory breast cancer is also less common.

Question 2

A client complains of having tender and painful breasts, often feeling multiple lumps within her breast tissue. The nurse would need to gather additional information about which of the following?&#10;A) Alcohol and caffeine consumption&#10;B) Client's workplace in relation to the surroundings&#10;C) Timing of symptoms in relation to the menstrual cycle&#10;D) Bathing frequency and living surroundings

Accepted Answer

Tender and painful breasts with multiple lumps suggest breast fibrocystic changes, which often occur in relation to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle. Gathering information about the timing of symptoms in relation to the menstrual cycle would help to confirm this suspicion and guide further assessment and treatment. The other options (alcohol and caffeine consumption, workplace surroundings, and bathing frequency) may be relevant in some cases, but are less likely to be directly related to the client's symptoms.

Question 3

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair about preventing breast cancer. Which of the following would the nurse include?&#10;A) Delaying childbearing until after age 30&#10;B) Maintaining an ideal weight&#10;C) Opting for estrogen only replacement therapy during menopause&#10;D) Increasing the intake of caffeinated drinks

Accepted Answer

Maintaining an ideal weight can help prevent breast cancer. Delaying childbearing until after age 30 and opting for estrogen only replacement therapy during menopause are risk factors for breast cancer. Increasing the intake of caffeinated drinks has not been shown to prevent breast cancer.

Question 4

A client is considering breast augmentation. Which of the following would the nurse recommend to the client to ensure that there are no malignancies?&#10;A) Mammogram&#10;B) Mastopexy&#10;C) Ultrasound&#10;D) Breast biopsy

Accepted Answer

A mammogram would be the most appropriate diagnostic test to screen for malignancies before breast augmentation. A mammogram can detect breast tumors and other abnormalities in the breast tissue. Breast biopsy would only be performed if a suspicious area is found on a mammogram or other imaging test. Mastopexy, or breast lift, is a different type of breast surgery that is performed to lift sagging breasts. An ultrasound may be used as a diagnostic test for breast abnormalities, but it is not as reliable as a mammogram for detecting tumors.

Question 5

After teaching a client with mastitis about caring for her breasts, the nurse determines that the client has understood the instructions when she states which of the following?&#10;A) &#34;I need to apply cold soaks to the breast several times a day.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I will express milk with a breast pump until infection is resolved.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I should avoid wearing a bra because it would increase the pain.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Until the infection is gone, I can't take a tub bath or shower.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Expressing milk with a breast pump helps to relieve engorgement and promote drainage of the infected milk. Applying warm compresses, not cold, is recommended. A supportive bra should be worn to help reduce discomfort. Taking a shower or a bath is acceptable as long as the breast is properly cleaned and dried afterward.

Question 6

A client who had a total mastectomy involving the removal of breast tissue asks the nurse for suggestions on selecting a prosthesis. The nurse would be appropriate in suggesting which of the following?

A) One filled with air
B) One that fits snugly to the chest
C) One that is easy to move around
D) One that is filled with fluid

Accepted Answer

A fluid-filled prosthesis is the most appropriate choice for a client who has had a total mastectomy. It is less likely to move around or shift, and it provides a more natural feel and appearance.

Question 7

A group of students is reviewing information about breast cancer and metastasis in preparation for an examination. The students demonstrate the need for additional study when they identify which of the following as a common site for metastasis?

A) Bone
B) Lungs
C) Colon
D) Liver

Accepted Answer

The colon is not a common site for metastasis in breast cancer. The most common sites for breast cancer metastasis are bone, lungs, liver, and brain.

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a client who has had breast augmentation. The nurse would encourage the client to assume which position?&#10;A) Supine&#10;B) Prone&#10;C) Semi-Fowler's&#10;D) Left Sim's lateral

Accepted Answer

Encouraging the client to assume a semi-Fowler's position would be the best choice. This position would promote comfort and reduce pressure on the breasts, allowing for optimal healing and pain relief. The supine position may put pressure on the breasts, whereas the prone position may cause discomfort or strain on the incision site. The left Sim's lateral position is typically used for rectal exams or procedures and would not be appropriate for this client.

Question 9

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had surgery as treatment for breast cancer. The nurse would be alert for the development of which of the following?&#10;A) Lymphedema&#10;B) Fibrocystic breast disease&#10;C) Fibroadenoma&#10;D) Breast abscess

Accepted Answer

Lymphedema is a common complication following surgery for breast cancer, particularly if the axillary lymph nodes have been removed. It is characterized by swelling, heaviness, and discomfort in the affected arm. Fibrocystic breast disease and fibroadenoma are benign conditions of the breast and are not typically associated with surgery for breast cancer. Breast abscesses are typically caused by infection and are not a common complication of surgery for breast cancer.

Question 10

The nurse is monitoring a client with metastatic breast cancer who is receiving morphine for pain control. The nurse would be alert for which of the following?&#10;A) Excessive sedation, confusion, and weakness&#10;B) Malaise, diarrhea, and stomatitis&#10;C) Bone marrow depression, granulocytopenia, and anemia&#10;D) Central nervous system (CNS) depression, amenorrhea, and anemia

Accepted Answer

Morphine is an opioid medication that can cause sedation, confusion, and weakness as side effects. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for these symptoms, especially if the dose is increased or if the client has impaired liver or kidney function. Malaise, diarrhea, and stomatitis are not common side effects of morphine. Bone marrow depression, granulocytopenia, and anemia are potential adverse effects of chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer, but they are not typically associated with morphine use. CNS depression and anemia are possible side effects of morphine, but amenorrhea is unrelated to its use.

Question 11

A client with breast cancer is scheduled to undergo chemotherapy with aromatase inhibitors. Which of the following best reflects the rationale for using this group of drugs?&#10;A) They lower the level of estrogen in the body blocking the tumor's ability to use it.&#10;B) They block progesterone dependent tumors from growing.&#10;C) They attach to endogenous protein receptors to slow the growth of cancerous cells.&#10;D) They stimulate the immune system to attack a protein common in many tumors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with breast cancer is scheduled...

Question 12

Which of the following would the nurse expect to find when assessing the breasts of a client with fibrocystic breast disease?&#10;A) Nipple retraction&#10;B) Soft mass&#10;C) Enlarged lymph nodes&#10;D) Skin dimpling

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would the nurse...

Question 13

When providing information to a client with breast cancer who is considering an artificial breast implant, which of the following would be most important for the nurse to include?&#10;A) Breast implants are expected to last a lifetime.&#10;B) Changes in the breast are irreversible.&#10;C) Follow-up screenings via MRI are unnecessary.&#10;D) Rupture of a silicone implant is very noticeable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When providing information to a client with...

Question 14

A client is prescribed danocrine (Danazol) as treatment for her fibrocystic breast disease. After teaching the client about possible adverse effects associated with this drug, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the client states which of the following?

A) Breakthrough bleeding
B) Photosensitivity
C) Hypotension
D) Acne

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is prescribed danocrine (Danazol) as...

Question 15

During a follow-up visit, a female client who underwent a mastectomy asks the nurse if she can work in her backyard or at least do some household work. Which suggestion would be most appropriate?&#10;A) Avoid working in the garden or yard altogether.&#10;B) Wear gloves and protective clothing to avoid any injuries.&#10;C) Increase the frequency of follow-up visits if she does works.&#10;D) Avoid household chores for at least 6 to 9 months.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During a follow-up visit, a female client...

Question 16

A client with fibrocystic breast disease has been receiving treatment with danazol (Danocrine) therapy for the past 6 months. In anticipation of the drug being discontinued, the nurse instructs the client to inform the health care provider about which of the following?

A) Nausea or vomiting occurring beyond 9 days after discontinuing the drug.
B) Inability to sleep after discontinuing the drug.
C) Constipation occurring 90 days after discontinuing the drug.
D) Lack of return of regular menses within 90 days after discontinuing the drug.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with fibrocystic breast disease has...

Question 17

A small amount of breast milk is obtained for culture and sensitivity testing from a client with mastitis. The nurse would expect the results to identify which organism as the most likely cause?&#10;A) Chlamydia trachomatis&#10;B) Group A streptococcus&#10;C) Escherichia coli&#10;D) Staphylococcus aureus

Accepted Answer

The answer of A small amount of breast milk is...

Question 18

A nurse is describing the advantages and disadvantages associated with tamoxifen therapy as a means of breast cancer prevention. The nurse would identify that the drug has a beneficial effect on which of the following?

A) Bone mineral density
B) High density lipoprotein levels
C) Risk for endometrial cancer
D) Cataract formation

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is describing the advantages and...

Question 19

A client with a fibroadenoma is being scheduled for diagnostic testing. Which of the following would the nurse expect as most likely?&#10;A) Mammogram&#10;B) Ultrasound&#10;C) Excisional biopsy&#10;D) Culture of discharge

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with a fibroadenoma is being...

Question 20

A female client is diagnosed with breast abscess. Although she has been allowed to breast-feed her newborn, she decides to terminate breast-feeding. Which of the following would be most appropriate in this situation?

A) Encourage the client to include protein content in the diet.
B) Instruct the client to wear a loose-fitting bra.
C) Reduce the frequency of removing and reapplying the dressings.
D) Assist the client to pump the breasts to remove breast milk.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A female client is diagnosed with breast...

Question 21

After teaching a group of students about the signs and symptoms of breast cancer, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the group identifies which of the following?&#10;A) Peau d'orange skin&#10;B) Breast symmetry&#10;C) Nipple retraction&#10;D) Painless mass

Accepted Answer

The answer of After teaching a group of students about...

Question 22

The nurse is teaching a client with mastitis about care measures. Which client statement indicates effective teaching?&#10;A) &#34;I need to wear a breast shield to keep the area moist.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I can stop the antibiotic after 5 days.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I can use warm soaks to my breast to relieve the discomfort.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I should avoid pumping my breasts until the infection is cleared.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is teaching a client with...

Question 23

A client with mastitis is allergic to penicillin. Which drug would the nurse anticipate that the physician will order?&#10;A) Erythromycin&#10;B) Oxacillin&#10;C) Cefazolin&#10;D) Vancomycin

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with mastitis is allergic to...

Question 24

A client is scheduled to undergo a procedure to lift her breasts that have drooped because of significant weight loss. The nurse identifies this procedure as which of the following?&#10;A) Reduction mammoplasty&#10;B) Mastopexy&#10;C) Autogenous breast reconstruction&#10;D) Mastectomy

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is scheduled to undergo a...

Question 25

Bromocriptine is ordered for a client with fibrocystic breast disease. The nurse instructs the client to take the first dose at which time?&#10;A) First thing the next morning&#10;B) At dinner time tomorrow&#10;C) Two hours before lunch tomorrow&#10;D) At bedtime this evening

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bromocriptine is ordered for a client with...

Deck 54: Caring Forclients With Breast Disorders