Deck 27: Caring for Clients With Hypertension

Question 1

A student nurse is caring for a client who is hypertensive. What nursing intervention should the student nurse perform to ensure that the client does not suffer any injury due to significant regulation in blood pressure (BP)?

A) Monitor the client's BP every hour.
B) Monitor the client's positioning when sleeping.
C) Monitor postural changes in BP.
D) Assess the client's surroundings.

Answer 1

Monitor postural changes in BP.

Question 2

During the physical assessment of a client with hypertension, what would you expect to be the most obvious finding?

A) Sustained increase of either one or both systolic or diastolic measurements.
B) Hypotension in either one or both systolic or diastolic measurements.
C) Client is underweight.
D) Client is anemic.

Answer 2

Sustained increase of either one or both systolic or diastolic measurements.

Question 3

You are teaching a health class at the local YMCA. What body system would you explain regulates arterial blood pressure?

A) Cardiovascular system
B) Immune system
C) Lymphatic system
D) Autonomic nervous system

Answer 3

Autonomic nervous system

Question 4

You are the triage nurse in a walk-in clinic when a diabetic client visits the clinic and asks you to take their blood pressure (BP). The measurements are 150/90 mm Hg. Which of the following should you recommend to normalize the client's BP?

A) Smoking cessation programs
B) Low-fat diet
C) Daily exercise
D) Drug therapy

Question 5

A client, newly admitted to the nursing unit, has a primary diagnosis of renal failure. When assessing the client, the nurse notes a blood pressure (BP) of 180/100. The nurse knows that this is what kind of hypertension?

A) Primary
B) Essential
C) Secondary
D) Malignant

Question 6

A client has just been diagnosed with prehypertension. What would the nurse instruct this client to do to restore his blood pressure below hypertensive levels?

A) Increase iodine intake
B) Decrease sodium intake
C) Increase fluid intake
D) Avoid over-the-counter decongestants

Question 7

A client comes to the walk-in clinic complaining of "just not feeling well" and "having a discharge from my eyes". While assessing this client, the nurse notes a blood pressure of 205/102. The nurse knows that these findings indicate what?

A) Malignant hypertension
B) Primary hypertension
C) Accelerated hypertension
D) Secondary hypertension

Question 8

An African American client at the clinic has just been diagnosed with essential hypertension. The client tells the nurse that they do not take medicine. What would the nurse tell the client is the most serious consequence of chronic hypertension?

A) Stroke
B) Death
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Blindness

Question 9

A client is being seen at the clinic for a routine physical when the nurse notes the client's blood pressure is 150/97. The client is considered to be a healthy, well-nourished young adult. What type of hypertension does this client have?

A) Secondary
B) Pathologic
C) Malignant
D) Essential

Question 10

You are caring for a client with hypertension who is experiencing complications. What diagnostic test evaluates the efficiency or inefficiency of the heart to pump blood?

A) Echocardiography
B) Chest radiography
C) Computed tomography scan
D) Multiple gated acquisition (MUGA) scan

Question 11

A female client, aged 82, visits the clinic for a blood pressure (BP) check. Her hypertension is not well controlled, and a new blood pressure medicine is prescribed. What is important for the nurse to teach this client about her blood pressure medicine?

A) Take the medicine on an empty stomach.
B) A possible adverse effect of blood pressure medicine is dizziness when you stand.
C) There are no adverse effects from blood pressure medicine.
D) A severe drop in blood pressure is possible.

Question 12

What is blood pressure?

A) The force produced by the volume of blood in arterial walls
B) The force produced by the volume of blood in the venous system
C) The measurement of cardiac output
D) The peripheral resistance of the cardiac output

Question 13

The public health nurse is presenting a workshop on hypertension for the Parent Teacher Organization of the local elementary school. Aparent asks the nurse who is at risk for hypertension. What would be the nurse's best answer?

A) "People at highest risk for hypertension include clients under the age of 18."
B) "People at highest risk for hypertension include diabetics."
C) "People at highest risk for hypertension include Asians."
D) "People at highest risk for hypertension include the immune-compromised."

Question 14

When caring for a client with essential hypertension what instruction should the nurse provide to the client to normalize blood pressure?

A) Increase iodine intake.
B) Increase intake of fluids.
C) Avoid intake of low-fat diet.
D) Reduce sodium intake.

Question 15

The nursing instructor is teaching a class on how to assess blood pressure. What would the instructor teach as an appropriate nursing action when assessing a client with hypertension?

A) Ask the client if he or she is taking over-the-counter drugs or herbs.
B) Assess the client's mental and emotional status.
C) Assess the client's blood pressure (BP) in a standing, sitting, and lying position.
D) Ask the client to describe the characteristics of his or her chest pain.

Question 16

You are precepting a new graduate nurse on your unit. The two of you are caring for a client with malignant hypertension. The new nurse asks what malignant hypertension can cause. What would be your best answer?

A) Right ventricular failure
B) Pulmonary hypertension
C) Peripheral edema
D) Left ventricular failure

Question 17

Which of the following diagnostic tests may reveal an enlarged left ventricle?

A) Echocardiography
B) Computed tomographic scan
C) Fluorescein angiography
D) Positron emission tomography (PET) scan

Question 18

The nurse in an oncology clinic notes that the client being treated has hypertension. What tumor is a predisposing condition for secondary hypertension?

A) Pheochromocytoma
B) Wilm's tumor
C) Astrocytoma
D) Lymphoma

Question 19

The nurse is caring for an 82-year-old male client who has come to the clinic for a yearly physical. When assessing the client, the nurse notes the blood pressure (BP) is 140/93. The nurse knows that in older clients what happens that may elevate the systolic BP?

A) Loss of arterial elasticity
B) Decrease in blood volume
C) Increase in calcium intake
D) Decrease in cardiac output

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a client with malignant hypertension. What would be an appropriate nursing intervention for this client?

A) Monitor the client's mental and emotional status every hour.
B) Monitor the blood pressure (BP) every few minutes by applying an automatic BP recording machine.
C) Monitor the client's blood sugar every hour.
D) Monitor the client's temperature every few minutes.

Question 21

You are writing a plan of care for your hypertensive client. What is one nursing intervention you should include in the plan of care?

A) Help client reduce or eliminate caffeine.
B) Help client decrease urine elimination.
C) Help client find ways to increase fluid intake.
D) Help client maintain regular vigorous activity

Question 22

You are part of a group of nursing students who are making a presentation on chronic hypertension. What is one subject you would need to include in your presentation as a possible consequence of untreated chronic hypertension?

A) Peripheral edema
B) Right-sided heart failure
C) Stroke
D) Pulmonary insufficiency

Question 23

You are caring for a client diagnosed with secondary hypertension. What would be a predisposing condition for this diagnosis?

A) Use of valium
B) Hypoaldosteronism
C) Pancreatic disease
D) Use of oral contraceptives

Question 24

When assessing your client, you note a blood pressure (BP) of 205/115. The client has had BP's within normal limits up until this time. The client complains of a sudden onset severe headache. The nurse recognizes this as probable malignant hypertension. What would be the nurse's first action?

A) Give ordered antihypertensive.
B) Notify the physician.
C) Call a code.
D) Wait 15 minutes and reassess the vital signs.

Question 25

What can be a result of malignant hypertension, even though it is intensively treated?

A) Blindness
B) Deafness
C) Peripheral vascular disease
D) Right-sided heart failure