Deck 22: Introduction to the Cardio Vascular System

Question 1

You are caring for a client with a damaged tricuspid valve. You know that the tricuspid valve is held in place by which of the following?

A) Chordae tendineae
B) Atrioventricular tendons
C) Semilunar tendineae
D) Papillary tendons

Answer 1

Chordae tendineae

Question 2

You are discharging a client after a cardiac catheterization. What would you include in your discharge teaching?

A) Eat only soft foods for the next 12 hours.
B) Report any numbness, tingling, or sharp pain in the extremity.
C) Restrict your intake of water until the dye is out of your system.
D) You can move around whenever you feel like getting up.

Answer 2

Report any numbness, tingling, or sharp pain in the extremity.

Question 3

You are teaching a group of nursing students about adventitious heart sounds. You explain that auscultation of the heart requires familiarization with normal and abnormal heart sounds. What would you tell these students a ventricular gallop indicates in an adult?

A) Heart failure
B) Hypertensive heart disease
C) Normal functioning
D) Pericarditis

Answer 3

Heart failure

Question 4

You are working on a telemetry unit. Your client was admitted with a cardiac event and is now on a cardiac monitor. You know a cardiac monitor reveals the heart's electrical but not its mechanical activity. How would you assess the mechanical activity of the client's heart?

A) Take the blood pressure in both arms.
B) Palpate a peripheral pulse.
C) Auscultate the carotid artery.
D) Percuss the perimeter of the heart.

Question 5

A student nurse is caring for a client with suspected cardiovascular disease. The nursing instructor asks the student what side effects a client may experience when undergoing a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test. What should the student respond?

A) Swollen feet
B) Sweating
C) Rapid heart rate
D) Sluggishness

Question 6

One of your students asks what the consequences of uncorrected, left-sided heart failure would be. What would be your best response?

A) Distention of the jugular vein
B) Effort to lie down to breathe
C) Right-sided heart failure
D) Blood congestion in neck veins

Question 7

A student nurse asks if anticipatory anxiety can be reduced in a client undergoing a diagnostic procedure of the cardiovascular system. How should the instructor respond?

A) By using medical terms while explaining the test
B) By allowing for increased activity
C) By giving the client a time frame about the test
D) By not informing the client about unexpected delays

Question 8

You are assessing the skin of a client with a cardiovascular disorder and find sparse hair growth on the legs and thick toenails. What does this indicate?

A) Diseased heart valves
B) Turbulent blood flow
C) Varicosities
D) Poor circulation

Question 9

The instructor is teaching a pre-nursing anatomy and physiology class. The class is studying the cardiovascular system. What does the instructor tell the class safeguards the heart from infectious microorganisms?

A) The inner layer of the endocardium
B) The outer layer or the epicardium
C) The serous epicardium
D) The parietal pericardium

Question 10

Your client is being prepared for echocardiography when they ask you why they need to have this test. What would be your best response?

A) "This test will find any congenital heart defects."
B) "This test can tell us a lot about your heart."
C) "Echocardiography is a way of determining the functioning of the left ventricle of your heart."
D) "Echocardiography will tell your doctor if you have cancer of the heart."

Question 11

The nurse notes that their client has had a change in mental status. Why would it be important for the nurse to report extremes of emotions or disturbances in the thought process of a client with cardiovascular disorder to the physician?

A) It is an indication of an impending heart failure.
B) The client may develop anxiety disorder.
C) It interferes with the diagnostic testing and prescribed therapy.
D) It creates anxiety during the diagnostic testing.

Question 12

The nurse caring for a client who is suspected of having cardiovascular disease has a stress test ordered. The client has a co-morbidity of multiple sclerosis, so the nurse knows the stress test will be drug-induced. What drug will be used to dilate the coronary arteries?

A) Thallium
B) Ativan
C) Diazapam
D) Dobutrex

Question 13

You are evaluating the expected outcomes on a client who is recovering from a cardiac catheterization. What is an expected outcome that you would evaluate?

A) The client and family understands the client's CV diagnosis.
B) The client and family understands the need for medication.
C) The client and family understands the need to restrict activity for 72 hours.
D) The client and family understands the discharge instructions.

Question 14

You are the clinic nurse doing assessments on your clients before they have outpatient diagnostic testing done. What would you document when assessing the client's pulse?

A) Rate, quality, and rhythm
B) Pressure, rate, and rhythm
C) Rate, rhythm, and volume
D) Quality, volume, and rate

Question 15

What is considered the pacemaker of the heart?

A) The AV node
B) The bundle of HIS
C) The Purkinje fibers
D) The SA node

Question 16

Students are drawing pictures of the cardiac circulation. Where should they place the coronary ostia?

A) At the base of the aorta
B) At the base of the pulmonary artery
C) At the base of the pulmonary vein
D) At the base of the superior vena cava

Question 17

The clinic nurse caring for a client with a cardiovascular disorder is performing an assessment of the client's pulse. Which of the following steps is involved in determining the pulse deficit?

A) Count the radial pulse for 20 to 25 seconds.
B) Calculate the palpated volume.
C) Count the heart rate at the apex.
D) Calculate the pauses between pulsations.

Question 18

You are caring for a client with right-sided heart failure. When assessing the respiratory rate of this client, what is an indication that the client is having difficulty breathing?

A) Not using the abdominal muscles during breathing
B) Using accessory muscles during respiration
C) Barely palpable, thready pulse volume
D) Combination of noisy and quiet respiration

Question 19

The nurse is caring for a client scheduled for an angiocardiography. Which of the following interventions does the nurse implement during client preparation?

A) Recommend that the client fast for at least 3 hours before the test.
B) Stop administering antihistaminic medication, if any, before the test.
C) Draw arterial blood samples for blood gas analysis before the test.
D) Restrict client activity for about 12 hours before the test.

Question 20

Your students are studying various laboratory tests, such as blood chemistries, that may be used as part of the diagnostic analysis for a client with a cardiovascular disorder. What do hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia indicate?

A) Coronary artery disease
B) Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
C) Fluid retention and hypertension
D) Atherosclerotic heart disease

Question 21

The staff educator is presenting a workshop on aging and the changes in the human body. The staff educator talks about the gerontologic consideration in the cardiovascular system. The educator points out that there is an increase in fat deposits, collagen, and elastic fibers in the SA node. What do these changes lead to?

A) Cardiac gallop
B) Tachycardia
C) Cardiac dysrhythmias
D) Heart murmurs

Question 22

Your client is going to have a stress test. What radionuclide will be used to diagnose ischemic heart disease during this test?

A) Techtonium-89-r
B) Thallium-201
C) Technetium-99m
D) Transamnium-105

Question 23

The nurses in a cardiovascular clinic are writing plans of care for clients who need outpatient procedures performed. What is a nursing diagnosis that should be on all of these plans of care?

A) Decreased Activity
B) Impaired Breathing
C) Impaired Circulation
D) Deficient Knowledge

Question 24

You are monitoring the results of laboratory tests performed on a client admitted to the cardiac ICU with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Which test would you expect to show elevated levels?

A) RBC
B) Platelets
C) Enzymes
D) WBC