Deck 13: Developmentally Appropriate Cognitivelanguageliteracy Environments: for Infants

Question 1

Object permanence generally appears about eight months.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Infant learning follows a sequence.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Vygotsky's theory about the ZPD means that

A) adults should show infants how to do something new.
B) adults should let babies repeat the same activities until they are well established.
C) adults should see if babies are meeting developmental guidelines.
D) adults should help babies in whatever ways they need to succeed in a new, slightly harder, task than they have tried before.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Receptive language refers to language spoken by the child.

Question 5

Principles of supporting cognitive development in infants include all EXCEPT

A) learning comes through interaction with materials and people.
B) learning is unpredictable and random.
C) relationships are important in a learning environment.
D) adults follow infants' lead.

Question 6

When infants begin to coo and babble, effective adults

A) ignore these sounds until real words develop.
B) reinforce these sounds by some kind of verbal response.
C) reinforce these sounds by some kind of nonverbal response.
D) begin to talk baby talk to them.

Question 7

Teaching sign language is appropriate

A) only for babies with hearing impairments.
B) only for babies whose first language is not English.
C) only for babies of deaf parents.
D) for any infants.

Question 8

Chomsky believes there is a Language Acquisition Device programmed in the brain.

Question 9

Advanced babbling is the kind of baby talk NOT recommended.

Question 10

Adults use "parentese" when talking to babies when they do all EXCEPT

A) pitch their tones higher.
B) enunciate clearly and distinctly.
C) talk baby talk.
D) speak more slowly.

Question 11

Vygotsky believed that adults should just watch babies to see how they learned.

Question 12

Restricting physical movement or sensory exploration in infancy has absolutely no effect on cognitive learning.

Question 13

Nesting toys are good for infants who use a palmar grasp.

Question 14

Infant language development is nurtured by

A) adults who speak constantly to infants throughout the day.
B) adults who speak a great deal to other adults in the environment.
C) adults who communicate non-verbally.
D) adults who wait for infant sounds to develop.

Question 15

Materials suitable for exploration by a baby who uses the palmar grasp are all EXCEPT

A) soft balls.
B) hand puppets.
C) bead necklaces.
D) busy boxes with knobs and dials.

Question 16

One thing that would NOT be helpful for language development in an infant classroom is

A) adults who speak face to face with babies.
B) a constant playing of the radio.
C) adults who speak the infants' home language.
D) soft music playing at naptime.

Question 17

Piaget described the sensorimotor stage of learning as

A) having four substages.
B) having six substages.
C) having six substages, of which four occur in infancy.
D) None of the above.

Question 18

Emotional stress can interfere with learning and brain development.

Question 19

Hart and Risley's study about parenting practices and language development showed that positive practices included

A) lots of talking, using a wide vocabulary.
B) high information content in the speech.
C) high rates of verbal approval and few prohibitions.
D) All of these answers.

Question 20

Brain development is complete by birth.

Question 21

Good curriculum experiences for infants include:

A) Sensorimotor art.
B) Music and movement.
C) Outdoor experiences.
D) All of the above.

Question 22

Which of the following is part of an inappropriate language environment for infants?

A) Noisy environments.
B) Silent environments.
C) Neither of the above.
D) All of the above.

Question 23

Discuss and give examples for FOUR of the principles for adults supporting infant cognitive development.

Question 24

Language that is produced by an infant is called

A) expressive language.
B) receptive language.
C) native language.
D) None of the above.

Question 25

Brain development continues after birth, as billions of _____ form _____.

Question 26

First words are usually understood around

A) four months.
B) one year.
C) eight to nine months.
D) earlier in girls than in boys.

Question 27

Language development is enhanced when adults _____ babies' cooing and babbling sounds.

Question 28

Advanced babbling refers to _____.

Question 29

Which of these statements about language is NOT true?

A) Infants are capable of differentiating more than one language.
B) Scientists understand how infants learn language.
C) First words are understood around eight or nine months.
D) Infants can learn sign language.

Question 30

Good toys for babies who use the pincer grasp would be

A) board books.
B) stacking rings.
C) nesting toys.
D) All of these answers.

Question 31

Midline hand coordination allows

A) babies to turn over.
B) babies to play games like patty-cake.
C) babies to pick up small objects.
D) babies to feed themselves.

Question 32

Literacy begins _____.

Question 33

A pincer grasp means _____.

Question 34

Object permanence develops around

A) six to eight months.
B) eight to ten months.
C) one year.
D) no set time.

Question 35

Describe FIVE specific adult practices that promote language development.

Question 36

Cooing refers to

A) all possible sound combinations.
B) first syllables.
C) open-ended vowel sounds.
D) sounds made while sleeping.

Question 37

A mobile should be place within an infant's visual capability,

A) about six inches.
B) about three feet.
C) about eight to twenty-four inches.
D) None of the above.

Question 38

Discuss how you would introduce an infant to picture books.