Deck 13: Humanistic Psychotherapy

Question 1

Abraham Maslow is most closely associated with the ______ approach to psychotherapy.

A) humanistic
B) psychodynamic
C) behavioral
D) cognitive

Answer 1

humanistic

Question 2

According to the humanistic approach, there are three essential therapeutic conditions that characterize successful therapist-client relationships. ______ is among these three essential therapeutic conditions.

A) Empathy
B) Conditional positive regard
C) Interpretation
D) Transference

Answer 2

Empathy

Question 3

Jill is a 13-year-old girl whose mother loves her "no matter what." According to humanistic psychotherapists, Jill's mother ______.

A) has placed excessive conditions of worth on her daughter
B) has provided her daughter with conditional positive regard
C) is moving Jill's real and ideal selves further apart
D) is providing unconditional positive regard

Answer 3

is providing unconditional positive regard

Question 4

Recalling the plant metaphor from the textbook, a sun shining sunlight on all angles of a plant is analogous to ______.

A) conditions of worth
B) the ideal self
C) the real self
D) unconditional positive regard

Question 5

According to the humanistic approach, psychological health is enhanced by ______.

A) a match between the real self and the ideal self
B) conditional positive regard
C) conditional positive self-regard
D) incongruence

Question 6

Freud is to ______ as Maslow is to ______.

A) behavioral; cognitive
B) cognitive; behavioral
C) psychodynamic; humanistic
D) humanistic; psychodynamic

Question 7

According to Rogers, the term ______ is synonymous with positive regard.

A) reflection
B) prizing
C) self-actualization
D) gestalt

Question 8

Which of the following approaches to psychotherapy places the strongest emphasis on empathy provided by the therapist?

A) cognitive
B) psychoanalytic
C) humanistic
D) behavioral

Question 9

According to the humanistic approach, it is important for the therapist to communicate ______ to the client, which is described as the ability to sense the client's emotions compassionately and without judgment.

A) genuineness
B) congruence
C) empathy
D) conditions of worth

Question 10

Which of the following best describes genuineness as it is understood and applied by humanistic psychotherapists?

A) a client reporting honestly to a therapist about the client's activities since the previous session
B) a therapist's true feelings of empathy and prizing toward a client
C) a therapist prizing a client "no matter what"
D) a therapist accurately recognizing a client's emotional state even when the client has not stated it explicitly

Question 11

Ronald's parents inform him that they will only pay his college tuition and support his professional ambitions if he enters the profession of medicine, law, or engineering. What would a humanistic psychotherapist say Ronald's parents are doing in this scenario?

A) identifying Ronald's real self
B) identifying Ronald's ideal self
C) placing conditions of worth on Ronald
D) placing congruence on Ronald

Question 12

An individual's ______ is how the person actually is at present; the ______ is what a person could be if he or she fulfilled his or her potential.

A) actual self; fulfilled self
B) fulfilled self; actual self
C) real self; ideal self
D) ideal self; real self

Question 13

______, according to humanists, is essentially the warmth, love, and acceptance of those around us.

A) Reflection
B) Genuineness
C) Positive regard
D) Congruence

Question 14

According to Carl Rogers, the three essential therapeutic conditions were ______ for psychotherapy to be successful with any client.

A) necessary and sufficient
B) sufficient, but not necessary
C) necessary, but not sufficient
D) neither necessary nor sufficient

Question 15

The primary goal of humanistic psychotherapy is ______.

A) to foster self-actualization
B) to make the unconscious conscious
C) rational, logical thought
D) behavior change using operant and classical conditioning techniques

Question 16

The quality of ______ describes a match between a therapist's real and ideal selves.

A) genuineness
B) congruence
C) empathy
D) conditional worth

Question 17

Humanistic psychotherapists believe that individuals are born with a tendency toward healthy growth. The term that best describes this tendency is ______.

A) transference
B) insight
C) self-actualization
D) unconditional positive regard

Question 18

According to the humanistic approach, ______ is the root of psychopathology.

A) reflection
B) incongruence
C) fixation
D) negative self-regard

Question 19

According to the humanistic approach, conditional positive regard from others brings forth ______.

A) reflection
B) conditional positive self-regard
C) genuineness
D) self-actualization

Question 20

Empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness ______.

A) are Maslow's three necessary and sufficient conditions for therapy
B) do not appear to be common factors
C) contribute little to the success of humanistic therapy
D) foster a client's self-healing

Question 21

______ takes place when a humanistic therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client's statements in a way that highlights the client's feelings or emotions.

Question 22

What technique was developed by William Miller and was originally used to treat behaviors such as substance abuse?

Question 23

Explain the relationship among the humanistic concepts of real self, ideal self, self-actualization, and conditions of worth.

Question 24

Sometimes, clients will argue in favor of continuing with the problem behavior rather than stopping or replacing it. According to the motivational interview approach to therapy, this client behavior is labeled ______.

A) rolling with resistance
B) change talk
C) sustain talk
D) developing the discrepancy

Question 25

In humanistic psychotherapy, ______ takes place when a therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client's statements in a way that highlights the client's feelings or emotions.

A) emotional transference
B) reflection
C) congruence
D) countertransference

Question 26

What is the name of the therapy that is derived from the positive psychology movement?

Question 27

Of the following therapies based on humanistic principles, which has accumulated the most empirical evidence for its efficacy in recent decades?

A) Gestalt therapy
B) motivational interviewing
C) psychoanalysis
D) existential therapy

Question 28

Which of the following statements about positive psychology is NOT true?

A) It emerged in the 1990s under the leadership of Martin Seligman.
B) It emphasizes human strengths rather than pathology.
C) It acknowledges the inherent potential of individuals to develop and maintain positive attitudes.
D) It considers a client's strengths, but not their weaknesses.

Question 29

Rollo May, Victor Frankl, and Irvin Yalom are most closely associated with ______ psychotherapy.

A) psychodynamic
B) existential
C) behavioral
D) gestalt

Question 30

Rollo's therapist is applying a technique in which he emphasizes how Rollo's behavior is inconsistent with his goals and values. Rollo's therapist is likely using which of the following techniques?

A) Gestalt therapy
B) psychoanalysis
C) motivational interviewing
D) interpersonal psychotherapy

Question 31

Empirical examinations of humanistic therapy ______.

A) have determined that it is universally ineffective
B) discovered that its main elements--empathy, positive regard, and genuineness--play an important role in therapy success
C) found that humanistic techniques only work when used by therapists who identify as humanists
D) do not exist in the psychotherapy literature

Question 32

Who is the most prominent pioneer of humanistic therapy?

Question 33

When an individual's real and ideal selves are different, the individual is experiencing ______.

Question 34

Who is the primary leader of the positive psychology movement?

Question 35

______ was founded by Fritz Perls, and it emphasizes a holistic approach to enhancing the client's experience.

A) Gestalt therapy
B) Motivational interviewing
C) Psychoanalysis
D) Existential therapy

Question 36

List the three key elements of humanistic therapy.

Question 37

______, developed by William Miller, is a contemporary application of the principles of humanism.

A) Existential psychotherapy
B) Quality of life therapy
C) Motivational interviewing
D) Behavioral consultation

Question 38

______ is an approach to therapy centered on the premise that each person is essentially alone in the world and that this realization can overwhelm us with anxiety.

Question 39

According to Carl Rogers, the therapist's ______ determine(s) the success of therapy.

A) mastery of the techniques of interpreting the client's transference
B) ability to reflect the client's emotions
C) skill in applying positive reinforcement
D) attitude toward the client

Question 40

______ is a short-term humanistic therapy that emphasizes the expression, acknowledgment, and healing power of emotions in the present moment.

A) Gestalt therapy
B) Emotionally focused therapy
C) Congruence therapy
D) Genuineness therapy

Question 41

Name three of the six central principles of motivational interviewing.

Question 42

Briefly summarize the three essential therapeutic conditions according to humanistic psychotherapy.

Question 43

Briefly describe positive psychology. What does it emphasize? What is the name of the therapy derived from the positive psychology movement?