Deck 9: Antiinfective Medications

Question 1

The nurse is teaching a patient about possible side effects when taking minocycline,a broad-spectrum antibiotic.Which side effect is the most common with this drug?

A) Salty taste in the mouth
B) Feeling of vertigo
C) Edema in the feet and legs
D) Ringing in the ears

Answer 1

Feeling of vertigo

Question 2

The LPN/LVN giving primaquine must know this medication is used to treat which condition?

A) Pneumonia
B) Cardiac disease
C) Edema of the legs
D) Malaria

Answer 2

Malaria

Question 3

Which are the most common adverse reactions to antiinfective medications?

A) Yeast infections, vaginal itching, and thrush
B) Superinfections, organ toxicity, and hypersensitivity
C) Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity
D) Allergy, anaphylaxis, and cross-sensitivity

Answer 3

Superinfections, organ toxicity, and hypersensitivity

Question 4

In which situation should medications for malaria be given?

A) Prophylactically when people travel to areas in which malaria is common
B) Prophylactically when people return from malaria-infested areas
C) For treatment of malaria once the acute illness is over
D) Prophylactically in acute cases of malaria

Question 5

A young woman comes into the clinic with a respiratory infection.Because she has a fever of 101.6° F,the physician starts her on ampicillin 250 mg PO q 6h.The patient has a history of being on birth control pills.Which represents what a nurse should teach the patient about oral contraceptives with the use of antibiotics?

A) Penicillin will increase the effects of the birth control pill.
B) Use a backup method for birth control protection this month.
C) You will have a regular menstrual period; continue to take your birth control pill.
D) Birth control pills work with antibiotics if you take an antacid with them.

Question 6

Penicillin is the drug of choice in the treatment of which infections?

A) Urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli
B) Otitis media caused by Haemophilus
C) Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
D) Group B staphylococci

Question 7

The highest therapeutic blood range for antibiotics is determined at the _____ of the blood level.

A) peak
B) trough
C) weight
D) dilution

Question 8

Which are broad-spectrum antibiotics?

A) Tetracycline, erythromycin, and aminoglycosides
B) Streptomycin, rifampin, and isoniazid
C) Nystatin, griseofulvin, and ketoconazole
D) Quinacrine, mebendazole, and pyrantel

Question 9

Which are common penicillin products?

A) Amoxicillin, streptomycin, and lincomycin
B) Nystatin, bacitracin, and cloxacillin
C) Erythromycin, cefaclor, and sulfadiazine
D) Cloxacillin, ampicillin, and nafcillin

Question 10

A patient is being treated for pinworms with anthelmintics.In addition to taking the medication,what should the nurse be sure to cover during the teaching session?

A) Wash the toilet seat weekly.
B) There are special diet requirements before taking this medication.
C) There is no need to test other family members for this condition.
D) You may have diarrhea and abdominal pain while taking this medication.

Question 11

Which treatment is used for treating active tuberculosis?

A) Long-term treatment with more than one drug
B) Developing drug-resistant organisms
C) Chemoprophylaxis with bacteriostatic medications
D) Chemotherapy in patients at high risk for developing infection

Question 12

Which term refers to an antibiotic with a high degree of activity against many different organisms?

A) Antimicrobial
B) Antimycotic
C) Broad-spectrum
D) Bacteriostatic

Question 13

Each infection must be carefully evaluated to determine the specific causative organism and the therapy that will be most effective against it.How is this usually done?

A) Stool examination
B) Scraping of lesions
C) Incubation of discharge from lesions
D) Culture and sensitivity studies

Question 14

Which is true of antibiotics?

A) They are never used in viral, parasitic, or fungal infections.
B) They are rarely used in viral, parasitic, or fungal infections.
C) They are used in viral, parasitic, or fungal infections if a secondary bacterial infection develops.
D) They are used in superinfections caused by yeast.

Question 15

A patient has a history of kidney stones.He is being treated for a bladder infection with a sulfonamide drug.Which actions should the nurse advise this patient to do?

A) Eat green, leafy vegetables and drink 8 oz of cranberry juice at each meal.
B) Eat lean proteins and drink 8 oz of milk at each meal.
C) Get regular exercise and lots of sunlight daily.
D) Get regular exercise and drink adequate fluids daily.

Question 16

Which patients are at highest risk for developing tuberculosis?

A) All children up to the age of 7 years
B) Individuals whose skin tests have become positive in the last 2 years
C) All children exposed to sunlight between noon and 6:30 PM
D) Individuals with debilitating diseases such as asthma, hypertension, and ulcers

Question 17

A sulfonamide,Bactrim,is ordered for a patient with a urinary tract infection.What should the nurse teach the patient to do while taking this medication?

A) Drink large amounts of water with this medication.
B) Take the medication on a full stomach.
C) Take the medication at night before going to bed.
D) Drink milk when taking the medication.

Question 18

The nurse is reviewing a patient's list of medications and notes the patient should not be given a sulfonamide because the patient is sensitive to which class of drugs?

A) Antihypertensive medications
B) Thiazide diuretics
C) Cold preparations containing acetaminophen
D) Insulin

Question 19

Which should be true of any antibiotic used to treat an infection caused by a penicillinase-producing organism?

A) It should be acid stable.
B) It should be an extended-spectrum antibiotic.
C) It should be penicillinase resistant.
D) It should be a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.

Question 20

Which medication interferes with an important life process of a bacterial organism,making it weaker or incapable of reproducing?

A) Pathogenic
B) Bacteriostatic
C) Bactericidal
D) Microbial

Question 21

The nurse is providing education for a patient prescribed a fluoroquinolone.Which response made by the patient assures the nurse that teaching has been effective?

A) "I can discontinue this medication once I feel better."
B) "There are no drug interactions associated with this medication."
C) "I should take this medication with food to decrease GI upset."
D) "I can take this medication with caffeine such as a cup of coffee."

Question 22

Which drugs should be taken on an empty stomach? (Select all that apply.)

A) Ciprofloxacin
B) Erythromycin
C) Lincomycin
D) Tetracycline
E) Sulfonamides

Question 23

A 72-year-old patient is being treated for an infected right great toe.In reviewing this patient's history,the nurse has discovered the patient has decreased renal function.Which is correct concerning whether this patient should be started on aminoglycosides?

A) An aminoglycoside should be started, because this antibiotic can be taken with many other drugs.
B) An aminoglycoside should not be started, because this antibiotic is not broad spectrum.
C) An aminoglycoside should be started, because there is less sensitivity with this drug.
D) An aminoglycoside should not be started, because a specific tissue reaction has been identified.

Question 24

A patient was ordered a cephalosporin medication as a broad-spectrum antibiotic for a severe infection.What important factor does the nurse know about this medication?

A) It is not effective after penicillin use.
B) It is more effective on gram-positive organisms.
C) It should not be used by those allergic to penicillin.
D) It is less effective in resistant organisms.

Question 25

When giving a patient a penicillin injection,what should the nurse keep in mind? (Select all that apply.)

A) Aspirate before injecting the medication.
B) The patient must be watched for 30 minutes for adverse reactions.
C) A poor bleeding response is normal.
D) Plunger deficit accounts for needle length.
E) Assess the patient's heart rate and blood pressure.

Question 26

An adult patient has a moderately severe infection and has been started on an antibiotic.The physician orders penicillin V potassium by mouth.Which dose would the nurse expect the physician to prescribe?

A) 15 to 50 mg 4 times daily
B) 150 to 170 mg q 6h
C) 250 to 500 mg 4 times daily
D) 1000 to 1500 mg 4 times daily

Question 27

Which adverse reactions are associated with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics? (Select all that apply.)

A) Increased appetite
B) Overgrowth of yeast
C) Superinfection
D) Bacterial changes in the bowel
E) Nausea

Question 28

A patient was placed on an antitubercular drug because he tested positive for tuberculosis more than three times.The patient tells the nurse that the drug will completely kill the bacteria.Which should be the nurse's proper response?

A) "Yes, you are correct. That is the action of the medication."
B) "No, the medication only controls the bacteria."
C) "Yes, the medication covers the bacteria's cell growth."
D) "No, the action of the medication is unknown."