Deck 17: The East Asian World

Question 1

The peasant revolt that brought down the preoccupied Ming Dynasty, and precipitated the ascension to control of the Manchus, was led by the disgruntled postal worker,

A) Yuan Shi-Kai.
B) Li Zicheng.
C) Zheng Chenggong.
D) Koxinga.
E) Kangxi Lon.

Answer 1

Li Zicheng.

Question 2

Arguably the greatest ruler in Chinese history was

A) Kangxi.
B) Hongwu.
C) Qianling.
D) Yongle.
E) Asoka.

Answer 2

Kangxi.

Question 3

The "Sacred Edict" delineating proper Confucian behavior was issued by

A) Kangxi.
B) Ming-Loi.
C) Wu Zhao.
D) the Duke of Kamchatka.
E) Yongle.

Answer 3

Kangxi.

Question 4

The Portuguese base of operations in China, granted when they arrived in China, was the territory of

A) Xian.
B) Canton.
C) Macao.
D) Hong Kong.
E) Shanghai.

Question 5

The boundary dispute between the Russian tsar and the Qing was settled by the Treaty of

A) Kazan.
B) Kiakhta.
C) Nerchinsk.
D) Nanking.
E) Sinkiang.

Question 6

The first European sea-faring nation desiring to trade with China and who arrived in 1514 was

A) Britain.
B) the Netherlands
C) Spain.
D) Portugal.
E) France.

Question 7

Under the rule of ____, the first signs of internal decay of the Qing Dynasty began to appear.

A) Li Zicheng
B) Zhu Yuanzhang
C) Qianlong
D) Kangxi
E) Yongzheng

Question 8

The primary fighting force of Qing China was the

A) Persian and Uzbek janissary corps.
B) dyarchy.
C) green standard.
D) bannermen.
E) queues.

Question 9

China's population had soared by the end of the 1700s for all of the following reasons except

A) relative peace and stability had prevailed during the early years of Qing rule.
B) new crops had been introduced from the New World.
C) introduction of the development of faster growing Southeast Asian rice into China.
D) the political stability of China in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
E) the central government's termination of legal abortions.

Question 10

The name of the Chinese dynasty established by the Manchus was the

A) Yuan.
B) Tang.
C) Ming.
D) Qing.
E) Han.

Question 11

As manufacturing and commerce began to grow in Ming and Qing China

A) the elite retained a preference for agriculture.
B) industrialization became the preferred area of activity for all Chinese.
C) Europeans became the predominant force in all areas of Chinese production.
D) government tax policies favored the industrial sector over the agricultural one.
E) Chinese views about business were the same as those in Japan.

Question 12

Government under the Qing Dynasty

A) abandoned all of its Manchu roots.
B) gave Europeans preference over Chinese for civil service positions.
C) was actually no different than it had been under the Ming.
D) saw compromises made in the civil service examination system as positions were increasingly assigned to candidates who purchased their degrees.
E) although a dyarchy, in reality favored the Chinese over the Manchus.

Question 13

The Ming Dynasty

A) under Yongle, had Chinese ships bring back Christian missionaries to China.
B) sent a fleet far into the Indian Ocean.
C) sent a huge army into Japan, which captured and held the city of Edo for one year until a debt owed to the Chinese government was paid.
D) saw their fleets reach the Mediterranean Sea.
E) dismantled the Great Wall as it was no longer needed for the defense of China.

Question 14

China's population

A) had a majority of females over males as so many of the latter died in China's many wars.
B) was about 400 million in 1395.
C) was stagnant between 1600 and 1700.
D) grew fast during the 1600-1800 period, reaching over 300,000,000 by 1800.
E) declined between 1600 and 1800 because of a renewal of the bubonic plague.

Question 15

As a result of the controversy over the policy of Jesuit missionaries accommodating Chinese religious beliefs in order to facilitate conversion to Christianity,

A) the Pope permitted the Chinese to maintain their tradition of ancestor worship.
B) Kangxi's successors assisted in the suppression of Christianity in Japan.
C) the Pope forbade the practice of ancestor worship.
D) the Chinese emperors sent young Chinese boys to be educated in Rome.
E) China declared war against the West.

Question 16

The first major ruler of the Qing Dynasty was

A) Kangxi.
B) Hongwu.
C) Qianling.
D) Yongle.
E) Asoka.

Question 17

By the ____ era, the economic breadbasket of China was located along the Yangzi River and regions to the South.

A) late Han
B) early Ming
C) late Song
D) late Sui
E) early Qing

Question 18

The purpose of the Qing system known as "dyarchy" was

A) to maintain the Chinese exclusion from Manchu rule in China.
B) to assure the isolation of the Chinese from the Manchus in China.
C) a mechanism for the sharing of administrative positions by Manchus and Chinese.
D) to assure the Manchu administrative dictatorship of China.
E) to keep northern and southern China balanced politically.

Question 19

In comparing Mongol and Manchu rule in China, it can be accurately stated that the

A) Mongols were more successful than the Manchus.
B) Manchus were more successful than the Mongols.
C) Mongols were better at adapting to the ways of the Chinese than the Manchus.
D) Manchus produced a system of government in China in which there was absolutely no distinction made for Manchurian identification.
E) both succumbed to new invaders from the Asian steppes.

Question 20

Which of the following is accurate regarding the effects of Qianlong's trade policy with England?

A) It showed Lord Macartney that he could not continue to attack the Emperor.
B) It set the stage for a future of harmonious trade relations between the two powers.
C) It showed the compromising nature of the Chinese attitude.
D) It set the stage for a future of Chinese degradation and decline.
E) The emperor encouraged the British to import opium from India to China.

Question 21

Beyond the joint family was an extended kinship unit known as the

A) club.
B) tong.
C) banner.
D) clan.
E) tribe.

Question 22

Probably the best-known artistic achievements of the Ming era were the famous

A) court paintings of the artists of Yangzhou.
B) silk masterpieces of the chinoiserie.
C) blue-and-white porcelain objects.
D) intricately carved lacquerware in bold shapes and colored cloisonné.
E) jade jewelry works.

Question 23

Hideyoshi expelled missionaries from his domain in 1587 because the missionaries were

A) supportive of the emperor rather than the shogun.
B) selling indulgences.
C) destroying local Christian religious shrines.
D) interfering in local Japanese political matters.
E) from France, whose revolutionary tradition was a concern to the shogun.

Question 24

In their attempt to follow tradition, the Tokugawa ruled through a coalition of daimyo and a council of elders called the

A) eta.
B) han.
C) tozama.
D) bakufu.
E) fudai.

Question 25

The separate territories, or domains, of the Tokugawa shogunate were called

A) han.
B) tozama.
C) bakufu.
D) fudai.
E) zirkit.

Question 26

In Qing China,

A) love was seen as a problem because it diverted a couple from their duties to the larger family.
B) an ideal family unit consisted of only two generations living in one house.
C) realistic social novels were published in China only in the early twentieth century.
D) women held a uniquely honored position in the family because they bore the children
E) romantic love was the norm.

Question 27

The Japanese commander who seized Kyoto and spent his last years trying to consolidate his rule was

A) Yamato Ryutu.
B) Iza Shotoku.
C) Oda Nobunaga.
D) Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
E) Tokugawa Ieyasu.

Question 28

The Tokugawa shoguns exerted control over the daimyo by

A) heavily taxing their lands.
B) requiring the daimyo to marry into merchant families.
C) compelling the daimyo to maintain two residences, one in their own domain and one in Edo.
D) forbidding the daimyo ever to appear at Edo, the center of the shogun's rule.
E) transferring the daimyos' lands to the peasant class.

Question 29

The work that is considered to be China's most distinguished popular novel is

A) Monkey.
B) The Dream of the Red Chamber.
C) Gold Vase Plum.
D) The Golden Lotus.
E) The Riverbank.

Question 30

The outstanding example of Chinese architecture during the Ming and early Qing eras is the

A) Dynastic City in Shanghai.
B) Forbidden City in Beijing.
C) Dynastic City in Canton.
D) Imperial City in Nanjing.
E) Coronic temple in Foochow.

Question 31

Firearms first reached Japan via

A) China prior to the arrival of Europeans.
B) the Portuguese who were the first European traders.
C) the English who supplanted the Portuguese in China.
D) the Indian trade across the Silk Road.
E) Korea and Vietnam who sought money to finance their wars of independence against China.

Question 32

What crop played an important role in early Japanese industrialization?

A) Potatoes
B) Flax
C) Corn
D) Wheat
E) Cotton

Question 33

The modern-day name for the capital city of the Tokugawa shogunate is

A) Edo.
B) Tokyo.
C) Osaka.
D) Nagasaki.
E) Sapporo.

Question 34

By the end of the sixteenth century, ____ of Japanese had converted to Christianity.

A) hundreds of thousands
B) tens of thousands
C) hundreds
D) thousands
E) millions

Question 35

The first Jesuit missionary to arrive in Japan was

A) Matthew Ricci.
B) Ignatius Loyola.
C) Francis Xavier.
D) Peter Beckett.
E) Francis of Assisi.

Question 36

A contemporary described Japanese unification this way: "Oda pounds the national rice cake. Hideyoshi kneads it, and in the end ____ eats it."

A) the West
B) the emperor
C) the samurai
D) Ieyasu
E) the daimyo

Question 37

The kowtow was

A) an elite military unit.
B) a type of formal poem.
C) a form of economic exchange.
D) a particularly grisly form of public execution.
E) as symbol of fealty demanded of ambassadors.

Question 38

Concerning the role of women in traditional China, which of the following is FALSE?

A) Women could not participate in sacred family rituals.
B) Women could not aspire to roles in the government.
C) Women could not inherit property.
D) Women were prohibited, on penalty of death, from studying the Confucian classics.
E) All of these.

Question 39

Which statement best captures the Chinese attitude toward trade with England at the end of the 18^th century?

A) China was eager to trade with England.
B) China had no use for English manufactured products.
C) China would rather have traded with Portugal.
D) China and England were geographically too far apart to trade.
E) England did not understand Confucian principles and, therefore, was not a suitable trading partner for China.

Question 40

The shogun's own domain included the cities of Edo, Kyoto, and

A) Nagasaki.
B) Sapporo.
C) Chiba.
D) Hiroshima.
E) Osaka.

Question 41

A new type of fortress palace was perfected in early 17^th-century Japan in imitation of ____ practices.

A) Chinese
B) Korean
C) Vietnamese
D) Indian
E) European

Question 42

By the eighteenth century, ____ had replaced ____ as the cloth of choice for most Japanese.

A) silk; leather
B) silk; wool
C) wool; cotton
D) silk; cotton
E) cotton; hemp

Question 43

In the _____ century, a phonetic alphabet for writing the Korean spoken language was devised.

A) 12^th
B) 13^th
C) 14^th
D) 15^th
E) 16^th

Question 44

The creation of the Tokugawa Shogunate was in what year?

A) 1543
B) 1549
C) 1592
D) 1603
E) 1612

Question 45

By the mid-eighteenth century, Edo was one of the world's largest cities, with a population of

A) 100,000.
B) 250,000.
C) 500,000.
D) 1,000,000.
E) 2,500,000.

Question 46

In Korea,

A) civil service examinations were based on the Lotus Sutra.
B) some aristocratic yangban became merchants, or even peasants, over time.
C) by 1700 the country became predominantly Christian as a consequence of European traders and missionaries.
D) China ruled the Koreans through the Chinese emperor's male relatives.
E) warfare against Japan was constant as the Korean kings hoped to make Japan a colony.

Question 47

In order to enhance its authority over the general population including the peasants, the shogunate relied upon

A) force and intimidation by samurai warriors.
B) high taxes.
C) Confucian maxims.
D) cheap food and entertainment.
E) restoring the emperor to power.

Question 48

The rights of Japanese women during the Tokugawa period were especially restricted in the ____ class.

A) samurai
B) peasant
C) merchant
D) aboring
E) artisan

Question 49

Saikaku was a major Japanese novelist who wrote about

A) picturesque rural scenes.
B) alienated samurai.
C) five women ready to die for sexual ecstasy.
D) the early development of kabuki.
E) a history of the Tokugawa shogunate.

Question 50

By the ____ century, a civil war had split Dai Viet into two squabbling territories in the north and south.

A) 13^th
B) 14^th
C) 15^th
D) 16^th
E) 17^th

Question 51

Basho

A) was intrigued by the search for the meaning of existence.
B) was Japan's premier seventeenth century architect.
C) was the first Muslim intellectual to emerge in Japan.
D) was a rebel samurai who tried to assassinate the emperor.
E) ended his life by suicide.

Question 52

The greatest of all Japanese poets was _______.

A) Utamaro
B) Yi Song Gye
C) Saikaku
D) Basho
E) Ando Hiroshige

Question 53

Korea

A) wanted to play a significant and public role in world affairs.
B) developed the most equitable and open civil service system in Asia to avoid having a government bureaucracy drawn from a single class.
C) developed a phonetic alphabet for writing the spoken Korean language in the 1400s.
D) was much more heavily urbanized than that of Japan by 1750.
E) invaded Japan twice during the seventeenth century.

Question 54

In 1802, the divided country of ____ was reunited under the Nguyen Dynasty.

A) Cambodia
B) Tibet
C) Korea
D) Vietnam
E) Thailand

Question 55

Utamaro was best known for his paintings of

A) village life.
B) women.
C) natural scenes.
D) animals.
E) historical figures.

Question 56

All of the following were part of Japan's "Dutch learning" except

A) medicine.
B) theology.
C) astronomy.
D) languages.
E) oil painting.

Question 57

Unemployed samurai warriors were known as the

A) eta.
B) ronin.
C) yangban.
D) fudai.
E) tozama.

Question 58

Dai Viet is now known as

A) China.
B) North Korea.
C) Vietnam.
D) Japan.
E) South Korea.

Question 59

The ____ class in Koreas was known as the yangban.

A) merchant
B) warrior
C) peasant
D) priestly
E) aristocratic

Question 60

As a result of the King Sonjo of Korea refusing an alliance, ____ invaded the Korean Peninsula in 1592.

A) Oda Nobunaga
B) The Manchus
C) The Dutch
D) Toyotomi Hidiyoshi
E) The Ming Empire

Question 61

The decline of the Ming began during the reign of Kangxi.

Question 62

The advent of the Tokugawa Shogunate led to a sharp rise in commerce and manufacturing.

Question 63

The first European visitors to Japan were met with hostility and violence.

Question 64

The Tokugawa era saw the emergence of the joint family as the basic unit of Japanese society.

Question 65

After the expulsion of Christian missionaries and other Westerners, the Japanese allowed only the Dutch access to Japan.

Question 66

Kangxi was arguably the greatest ruler in Chinese history.

Question 67

In the fifteenth century, a phonetic alphabet for writing the Korean spoken language was devised.

Question 68

The samurai reached the apex of the military prowess and influence during the Tokugawa shogunate.

Question 69

According to traditional Chinese beliefs, only men can carry on sacred family rituals.

Question 70

Chinese women had a higher status than women in other East Asian and Southeast Asian societies because of the heritage of Confucius.

Question 71

Vietnam was known as Dai Viet at the time.

Question 72

The activities of Western Christian missionaries reached their height of influence during Kangxi's reign.

Question 73

The Ming period was one of artistic stasis and declining artistic production.

Question 74

The Choson Dynasty faced little opposition in reaching independence.

Question 75

Gia Long was the founder of the Nguyen Dynasty.

Question 76

In most respects, China had an advanced economy in 1800.

Question 77

The Manchus rejected all aspects of the Ming political system.

Question 78

The Ming were in a period of deep decline when the Portuguese arrived in 1514.

Question 79

In Korea, a class of slaves called chonmin worked in specified occupations.