Question 1

What is more recent quantitative research revealing about networks of support in the United States?&#10;A) Female-headed households are more likely to participate in networks of support than two-parent or male-headed households.&#10;B) The fewer resources a family has, the more likely they are to participate in a network of support.&#10;C) Middle- and upper-class families are more likely than working class families to have extended support networks because they are able to reciprocate and contribute in return.&#10;D) Families only participate in networks of support if they are unable to purchase or afford what they need by themselves.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

In the United States, what is the hierarchy for primary caregivers?&#10;A) mother, then father, then extended kin&#10;B) the parents, then extended kin&#10;C) the mother, then the maternal grandmother, then father, then the maternal grandmother&#10;D) mother, then father, then caregiving professionals

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because in the United States, the hierarchy for primary caregivers is typically mother, then father, then extended kin.

Question 3

Although now unavailable because of work demands, historically ______ attended to the needs of school-aged children.&#10;A) only mothers&#10;B) parents, neighbors, friends, and relatives&#10;C) fathers and mothers&#10;D) parents and relatives

Accepted Answer

Historically, the care of school-aged children was not limited to just mothers or parents, but rather it was a community effort that involved neighbors, friends, and relatives. This was especially true in rural areas where families were more spread out and needed help in caring for their children. Fathers also played a role in child-rearing, although their involvement could vary depending on cultural and societal norms. Therefore, the most accurate answer would be Option B.

Question 4

The ideology of the independent nuclear family includes all of the following expect ______.&#10;A) the &#34;Standard North American Family&#34; which assumes the heterosexual, two-parent model&#10;B) the doctrine of privacy in defining families and households&#10;C) individualism&#10;D) gender egalitarianism in both productive and reproductive labor

Accepted Answer

The ideology of the independent nuclear family typically does not include gender egalitarianism in both productive and reproductive labor. This concept suggests an equal sharing of both economic and domestic responsibilities between genders, which is not a defining or universally accepted aspect of the traditional nuclear family model. The traditional model often emphasizes more conventional gender roles.

Question 5

According to Hansen, what contradiction is incorporated into American mainstream culture?&#10;A) an ideology that celebrates individualism in areas that are inherently interdependent, such as family and career&#10;B) an ideology that values the family over the individual, while rewarding behaviors that support the family&#10;C) the historical prevalence of relying on the resources and income generated by women while perpetuating the stereotype that women did not contribute&#10;D) the emphasis on both public property and private property

Accepted Answer

Hansen argues that American mainstream culture values individualism, even in areas that inherently require interdependence, such as family and career. This can create a contradiction where individuals may prioritize their personal success over the well-being of their family or community.

Question 6

Most Americans wrongly believe that the country is composed of ______, which contributes to ______.&#10;A) largely upper-middle class and wealthy people; feelings of inadequacies within comparison&#10;B) largely middle-class people; disillusionment about inequalities that exists&#10;C) mostly low-income people; feelings of empowerment and satisfaction at one's own financial state&#10;D) either very wealthy or very poor people; accurate conclusions of being middle-class

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that Americans tend to overestimate the percentage of wealthy and poor people in the country, while underestimating the middle class. This contributes to disillusionment about the inequalities that do exist and can lead to a lack of trust in economic and political systems.

Question 7

In what ways do the structures of both work and school combine to make providing care for school-age children an ongoing challenge for employed parents? What are policies or changes that you think would help parents in providing care for children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what ways do the structures of...

Question 8

In the face of the 'crisis of care,' where do parents turn for assistance? What strategies, if any, did your parents utilize?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the face of the 'crisis of...

Question 9

What precipitated the &#34;crisis of care&#34; in the United States?&#10;A) shifts in gender equality and the increase in the number of women attending college&#10;B) the shift from a manufacturing to a service economy and the resulting salary declines that necessitated women joining the workforce&#10;C) fathers prioritizing work and wages over family life&#10;D) increasing immigrant populations

Accepted Answer

The shift from a manufacturing to a service economy led to salary declines which necessitated women to join the workforce, thereby creating a crisis of care. With more women working outside the home, there was an increased need for childcare, eldercare, and other domestic care services, which have not been adequately addressed by policies and institutions in the United States.

Question 10

Robert's story at the beginning of Hansen's reading illustrates ______.&#10;A) that mobility does not limit nor define parenthood&#10;B) being independent and can-do as a parent is a necessity in contemporary, Western countries&#10;C) the tendency for family and friends to limit support as people reach middle life&#10;D) the inclination of parents to describe themselves as independent and self-sufficient despite sometimes extensive networks of help and support

Accepted Answer

Robert's story illustrates how parents often describe themselves as independent and self-sufficient despite having networks of help and support available to them. He mentions how he and his wife have family and friends nearby but still consider themselves to be doing it all on their own.

Deck 26: Not-So-Nuclear Families: Class, Gender, and Networks of Care