Deck 13: Gender and Sexual Orientation

Question 1

In 2000, Vermont was the first state to ______.

A) allow adoption between two lesbian partners
B) provide health insurance for same-gender partners of state employees
C) ban discrimination based on sexual orientation in the workplace
D) provide legal civil unions to same-gender couples

Answer 1

provide legal civil unions to same-gender couples

Question 2

The concept of a fixed sexual orientation and identity is a ______.

A) Western notion that is not shared by some other cultures
B) common idea around most of the world's cultures
C) mostly Eastern belief with only a few Western cultures agreeing
D) rare belief that many cultures do not share

Answer 2

Western notion that is not shared by some other cultures

Question 3

Research on children reared by lesbian mothers compared with children reared by heterosexual couples generally indicates that ______.

A) children of lesbian mothers are stigmatized by other children
B) children of lesbian mothers are more likely to engage in premarital intercourse at early ages
C) children of lesbian mothers are more likely to become gay themselves
D) there are no differences in adjustment between the two groups

Answer 3

there are no differences in adjustment between the two groups

Question 4

Typically, women and men who are gay disclose to their ______ first.

A) sibling
B) father
C) mother
D) cousin

Question 5

Research on lesbian relationships indicates that when compared to heterosexual couples, lesbians ______.

A) tend to have higher relationship quality
B) do not differ on relationship quality
C) have lower relationship quality
D) do not differ in balance of power

Question 6

______ is an umbrella term for all people with nonheterosexual sexual identities and behaviors.

A) Homosexual
B) Bisexual
C) Multisexual
D) Sexual minority

Question 7

In social psychological terms, being a sexual minority person ______.

A) is associated with stigma and stress
B) puts one at higher risk for low self-esteem
C) can be measured with the IAT
D) has more positive impacts than negative impacts

Question 8

While antigay prejudice is a term some prefer over homophobia, ______ is a related term.

A) homosexism
B) sexual discrimination
C) heterosexism
D) gay intolerance

Question 9

Empirical research on the adjustment of lesbians ______.

A) indicates that they have low self-esteem as a result of society's discrimination against them
B) indicates that they have many problems of adjustment
C) shows that lesbians do not differ from heterosexual women in their self-esteem
D) shows that lesbians are more frequently anxious than heterosexuals are

Question 10

Guidelines for therapists in order to better serve clients who are gay, lesbian, or bisexual are created by the ______.

A) National Therapeutic Alliance
B) Psychiatry Association of America
C) Therapists for Equality Coalition
D) American Psychological Association

Question 11

Women wearing clothing, makeup, and jewelry that express their gender is an example of ______.

A) gender consistency
B) performativity
C) appearance manifestation
D) inconsistent expression

Question 12

According to a meta-analysis of research on LGB victimization, ______ have experienced a physical assault because of their sexual orientation.

A) 56%
B) 19% of the women and 28% of the men
C) 28%
D) 48% of the women and 10% of the men

Question 13

Gay marriage became federally legal in the United States in ______.

A) 2013
B) 2014
C) 2015
D) 2016

Question 14

The term lesbian refers to ______.

A) only cis women
B) both cis and trans women
C) only trans women
D) trans men and cis women

Question 15

Heterosexist language, misgendering a person, and not inviting a same-gender partner to a family gathering are examples of ______.

A) immaturity
B) hate crimes
C) unintentional discrimination
D) microaggressions

Question 16

Cheryl has ties in both the lesbian community and the heterosexual community. This is an example of ______.

A) heteronormativity
B) dual identity
C) bisexuality
D) cross-sexual identity

Question 17

Homosexuality was seen as a mental disorder until ______.

A) 1973
B) 1966
C) 1985
D) 1991

Question 18

Data show that American's attitudes toward people who are not heterosexual have become ______ over roughly 40 years.

A) substantially more accepting
B) slightly more accepting
C) nonsignificant
D) slightly less accepting

Question 19

Situation-dependent flexibility in women's sexual responsiveness to women or men is termed ______.

A) situationality
B) heteroflexibility
C) identity confusion
D) sexual fluidity

Question 20

For most lesbians, ______ is a vulnerable and developmental process.

A) dating another woman
B) coming out
C) developing attraction to women
D) accepting their sexuality

Question 21

When there is an imbalance in power of lesbian relationships, the woman who does more caretaking and nurturing typically becomes the more powerful member of the couple.

Question 22

Hormone levels influencing sexual orientation is a popular hypothesis.

Question 23

Some research shows that lesbian couples show better parenting skills than heterosexual couples.

Question 24

African American lesbians typically regard their ethnic community as extremely homophobic.

Question 25

In comparing gay men and lesbians, it appears that ______.

A) female homosexuality is more frequent
B) lesbians are more promiscuous
C) gay men have a larger number of different partners compared to lesbians
D) lesbians are more likely to cheat in a relationship

Question 26

Gay men put more emphasis on emotional intimacy than lesbians do.

Question 27

In Latinx families, there is a strong distinction between what may be expressed publicly and what should be kept private and there is a stronger value placed on loyalty to one's family and on the performance of family roles than on expression of one's own individual desires.

Question 28

Genetics, brain factors, and hormones are examples of ______.

A) factors that are influenced by one's sexual orientation
B) biological explanations for sexual orientation that have been proposed
C) reasons the idea of multiple sexual orientations have been challenged
D) critical developmental factors in one's gender identity

Question 29

Lesbians who are women of color ______.

A) experience triple oppression
B) usually identify more with their ethnic identity than their sexual orientation
C) are less likely to come out as gay than White lesbians
D) are rare in the United States

Question 30

Much research in the field of comparing homosexual people and heterosexual people send the message that ______.

A) being lesbian is a problem or deficit
B) lesbians are invisible
C) lesbians and gay men have many similarities
D) lesbians are very different from heterosexual women

Question 31

According to stress inoculation theory, exposure to some stress makes people more resilient in the future.

Question 32

Latinx lesbians have engaged in ______.

A) confrontation with heterosexual Latinx
B) Chicano/Latino studies
C) resistance and activism
D) a campaign to emphasize family

Question 33

Lesbians are more likely to have been heterosexually raped than heterosexual women are.

Question 34

The 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting is an example of ______.

A) a rare hate crime in the United States
B) gun violence against women
C) continued violence against gay people of color
D) violence against gay Jewish men

Question 35

Research indicates that lesbian couples ______.

A) rarely end up having children
B) create a family through artificial insemination more than any other method
C) have various ways of creating families with children
D) typically tend to only have one child

Question 36

One genome scan has been done for sexual orientation and it was done with ______.

A) women only
B) both women and men
C) men only
D) women and men who were heterosexual

Question 37

According to the queer of color critique, ______.

A) more queer people of color should come out in order for others to feel comfortable to do the same
B) we must consider the historical context of violence against queer people of color
C) queer White people should be doing more to support the rights of queer people of color
D) queer people of color should take pride in their sexual orientation

Question 38

In comparison to White lesbians, African American and Latina lesbians ______.

A) reported coming out at an older age
B) reported having more social support when coming out
C) are more represented in the research
D) reported wondering and deciding they were lesbian at a younger age

Question 39

Data show that 46% of Americans still believe that homosexuality is always wrong.

Question 40

The 2000 U.S. Census Bureau found that same-sex households were found in 99% of all counties in the United States.

Question 41

What three components make up sexual orientation?

Question 42

Explain one of the implications on lesbian women's mental health by being a sexual minority.

Question 43

Explain Lisa Diamond's (2008b) findings after following college women recruited from LGB community events for more than 10 years. What conclusions can you draw from this data regarding sexual orientation fluidity?

Question 44

Many people believe that lesbians and gay men have many similarities. Compare and contrast lesbians and gay men based on the research.

Question 45

Scientists do not yet know what causes sexual orientation. What would a queer theory perspective say about this conclusion based on the research?

Question 46

Outline three out of the five guidelines for psychotherapy with gay, lesbian, and bisexual clients set by the American Psychological Association.

Question 47

Explain the important arguments of queer theory.

Question 48

Explain the scientific evidence that genetics influence sexual orientation. What can you infer about the influence of genetics and environment based on this research?

Question 49

What do Else-Quest and Hyde mean by "lesbians who are women of color may experience triple oppression?"

Question 50

Give one example of antigay prejudice in the United States (past or present).